Anatomy of flowering plant MCQ Solved Paper for GRE

1. An organised and differentiated cellular structure having cytoplasm but no nucleus is called _________.
A. vessels
B. xylem parenchyma
C. sieve tubes
D. tracheids
Answer : C

2. The vessel elements of angiosperms differ from other elements of xylem in having
A. simple pits on their radial walls.
B. bordered pits on their lateral walls.
C. simple and bordered pits on their end walls.
D. simple perforation on their end walls.
Answer : D

3. Match the elements of xylem given in column I with their character given in the column II and choose the correct option.

Column-I	Column-II
A. Xylem vessels	I. Store food materials
B. Xylem tracheids	II. Obliterated lumen
C. Xylem fibres	III. Perforated plates
D. Xylem parenchyma	IV. Chisel-like ends

A. A IV; B III; C II; D I
B. A III; B II; C I; D IV
C. A II; B I; C IV; D III
D. A III; B IV; C II; D I
Answer : D

4. The length of different internodes in a culm of sugarcane is variable because of
A. size of leaf lamina at the node below each internode
B. intercalary meristem
C. shoot apical meristem
D. position of axillary buds
Answer : B

5. Identify A, B and C in the given figure of shoot apical meristem

A. A Leaf primordium, B Shoot apical meristem, C Axillary bud
B. A Leaf primordium, B Shoot apical meristem, C Apical bud
C. A Root hair primordium, B Root apical meristem, C Axillary bud
D. A Root hair primordium, B Root apical meristem, C Terminal bud
Answer : A

6. Identify the types of simple tissue indicated by A, B, C and D and their function.

A. A Parenchyma, Photosynthesis, Storage and Secretion.
B. B Sclerenchyma Scleriods; Transport food material
C. C Collenchyma; Provides mechanical support to organs.
D. D Sclerenchyma Fibres; Provide Mechanical support to the growing parts of the plant such as young stem and petiole of a leaf.
Answer : A

7. Cork is formed from
A. phellogen
B. vascular cambium
C. phloem
D. xylem
Answer : A

8. T.S. of dicot stem is given below, certain parts have been marked by alphabets (A I). Choose the option which shows their correct labelling.

A. A Epidermis, B Epidermal hair, C Parenchyma, D Starch sheath, E Hypodermis (collenchyma), F Vascular bundle, G Bundle cap, H Medulla or pith, I Medullary rays
B. A Epidermal hair, B Epidermis, C Hypodermis (collenchyma), D Parenchyma, E Endoderm is (Starch Sheath), F Pericycle, G Vascular bundle, H Medullary rays, I Medulla or pith
C. A Epidermal hair, B Epidermis, C Hypodermis (collenchyma), D Starch sheath, E Parenchyma, F Vascular bundle, G Bundle cap, H Medulla or pith, I Medullary rays
D. A Epidermal hair, B Epidermis, C Parenchyma, D Hypodermis (collenchyma), E Starch sheath, F Vascular bundle, G Bundle cap, H Medulla or pith, I Medullary rays
Answer : B

9. Which of the following process helps the trichomes in preventing water loss?
A. Where companion cells helps in maintaining the pressure gradient in the sieve tubes.
B. Where plants absorb water through the roots and then give off water vapor through pores in their leaves.
C. Where activity of cork cambium builds pressure on the remaining layers peripheral to phellogen and ultimately these layers dies and slough off.
D. None of the above
Answer : B

10. Which of the following pair of match is not correct?
A. Pith - Large and well developed in monocotyledonous root.
B. Root hairs - Helps in preventing water loss due to transpiration
C. Sieve tube elements - Its functions are controlled by the nucleus of companion cells.
D. Stomatal apparatus - Consists of stomatal aperture, guard cells and surrounding subsidiary cells
Answer : A

11. T.S. of monocot leaf is given below, certain parts have been marked by alphabets (A G). Which one is the option showing there correct labelling?

A. A Adaxial epidermis, B Xylem, C Mesophyll, D Sub-stomatal cavity, E Abaxial epidermis, F Stoma, G Phloem
B. A Adaxial epidermis, B Abaxial epidermis, C Xylem, D Sub-stomatal cavity, E Stoma, F Mesophyll, G Phloem
C. A Adaxial epidermis, B Phloem, C Mesophyll, D Sub-stomatal cavity, E Abaxial epidermis, F Xylem, G Stoma
D. A Adaxial epidermis, B Xylem, C Stoma, D Substomatal cavity, E Abaxial epidermis, F Phloem, G Mesophyll
Answer : A

12. Match the terms given in column I with their features given in column II and choose the correct option.

Column-I	Column-II
(Terms)	(Features)
A. Fibres	(i) Cells are living and thin walled with cellulosic cell wall, store food materials in the form of starch or fat
B. Sclereids	(ii) Main water conductive cells of the pteridophytes and the gymnosperms
C. Tracheids	(iii) Thick walled, elongated and pointed cells, generally occurring in groups
D. Vessels	(iv) Long cylindrical tube like structure and cells are devoid of protoplasm. Characteristic feature of angiosperms
E. Xylem parenchyma	(v) Reduced form of sclerenchyma cells with highly thickened lignified cellular walls that form small bundles of durable layers of tissue in most plants

A. A - (i), B - (ii), C - (iii), D - (iv), E - (v)
B. A - (iii), B - (v), C - (ii), D - (iv), E - (i)
C. A - (iii), B - (i), C - (v), D - (ii), E - (iv)
D. A - (v), B - (iv), C - (iii), D - (i), E - (ii)
Answer : B

13. Tissue(s) present in an annual ring is/are
A. secondary xylem and phloem.
B. primary xylem and phloem.
C. secondary xylem only.
D. primary phloem and secondary xylem.
Answer : C

14. Choose the correct labelling of (A J) in the given figure of T.S. of monocot root.

A. A Root hair, B Epiblema, C Cortex, D Endodermis, E Passage cell, F Pericycle, G Pith, H Phloem, I Metaxylem.
B. A Root hair, B Epiblema, C Cortex, D Endodermis, E Passage cell, F Pith, G Pericycle, H Metaxylem, I Phloem.
C. A Root hair, B Epiblema, C Cortex, D Endodermis, E Pericycle, F Phloem, G Protoxylem, I Metaxylem
D. A Root hair, B Cortex, C Epiblema, D Pericycle, E Endodermis, F Pith, G Phloem, H Protoxylem, I Metaxylem
Answer : C

15. The given figures are types of elements (A and B) which constitute one type of complex tissue (c) of a plant . Identify A, B and C.

A. A Tracheid, B Vessel, C Xylem
B. A Vessel, B Tracheild, C Phloem
C. A Fibre, B Tracheid, C Bark
D. A Fibre, B Sclereid, C Casparian strips
Answer : A

16. Which one of the following have vessels as their characteristic feature?
A. Angiosperms
B. Gymnosperms
C. Pteridophytes
D. Bryophytes
Answer : A

17. A vascular bundle in which the protoxylem is pointing to the periphery is called __________.
A. endarch
B. exarch
C. radial
D. closed
Answer : B

18. Which of the following is responsible for the formation of an embryonic shoot called axillary bud?
A. Lateral meristem
B. Apical meristem
C. Intercalary meristem
D. Both
Answer : C

19. T.S. of dicot leaf passing through the midrib is given below. Certain parts have been marked by alphabets (A to H). Choose the option showing their correct labelling.

A. A Epidermis, B Spongy mesophyll, C Palisade mesophyll, D Stomata, E Guard cells, F Phloem, G Metaxylem, H Protoxylem
B. A Epidermis, B Palisade mesophyll, C Spongy mesophyll, D Sub-stomatal cavity, E Stoma, F Phloem, G Xylem, H Bundle sheath
C. A Epidermis, B Palisade mesophyll, C Spongy mesophyll, D Stomata, E Guard cells, F Epidermis, G Xylem, H Phloem
D. A Epidermis, C Palisade mesophyll, C Spongy mesophyll, D Stomata, E Guard cells, F Phloem, G Metaxylem, H Protoxylem
Answer : B

20. Cambium is considered as a lateral meristem because
A. it gives rise to lateral branches.
B. it causes increase in girth.
C. it increases height and diameter of a plant.
D. it adds bulk to a plant.
Answer : B

21. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct ?

1. Uneven thickening of cell wall is characteristic of sclerenchyma.
2. Periblem forms cortex of the stem and the root.
3. Tracheids are the chief water transporting elements in gymnosperms.
4. Companion cell is devoid of nucleus at maturity.
5. The commercial cork is obtained from Quercus suber.

A. (i) and (iv) only
B. (ii) and (v) only
C. (iii) and (iv) only
D. (ii), (iii) and (v) only
Answer : D

22. Sieve tubes are suited for translocation of food because they possess
A. bordered pits.
B. no ends walls.
C. broader lumen and perforated cross walls.
D. no protoplasm.
Answer : C

23. Why grafting is successful in dicots ?
A. In dicots vascular bundles are arranged in a ring.
B. Dicots have cambium for secondary growth.
C. In dicots vessels with elements are arranged end to end.
D. Cork cambium is present in dicots
Answer : B

24. Bast fibres are made up of _____________cells.
A. sclerenchymatous
B. chlorenchymatous
C. parenchymatous
D. aerenchymatous
Answer : A

25. Match the followings and choose the correct option

Column-I	Column-II
A. Cuticle	I. Guard cells
B. Bulliform cells	II. Outer layer
C. Stomata	III. Waxy layer
D. Epidermis	IV. Empty colourless cell

A. A III, B IV, C I, D II
B. A I, B II, C III, D IV
C. A III, B II, C IV, D I
D. A III, B II, C I, D IV
Answer : A

26. In land plants, the guard cells differ from other epidermal cells in having
A. cytoskeleton.
B. mitochondria.
C. endoplasmic reticulum.
D. chloroplasts.
Answer : D

27. In the given columns, column I contain structures of female reproductive system and column II contain its feature. Select the correct match.

Column-I	Column-II
A. Lateral meristem	(i) Fascicular vascular cambium, interfascicular cambium and cork cambium.
B. Apical meristem	(ii) Produces dermal tissue, ground tissues and vascular tissue.
C. Bast fibres	(iii) Generally absent in primary phloem but found in secondary phloem.
D. Sap wood	(iv) Inolved in the conduction of water and minerals from the root to leaf.

A. A - (i), B - (ii), C - (iii), D - (iv)
B. A - (iii), B - (i), C - (ii), D - (iv)
C. A - (i), B - (iv), C - (iii), D - (ii)
D. A - (ii), B - (iv), C - (iii), D - (i)
Answer : A

28. Match column-I with column-II and choose the correct option.

A. Spring wood or	I. Lighter in colour early wood
B. Autumn wood or	II. High density late wood
..	III. Low density
..	IV. Darker in colour
..	V. Larger number of xylem elements
..	VI. Vessels with wider cavity
..	VII. Lesser number of xylem elements
..	VIII. Vessels with small cavity

Which of the following combination is correct ?
A. A II, IV, VII, VIII; B I, III, V, VI
B. A I, II, VII, VIII; B III, IV, V, VI
C. A I, III, V, VI; B II, IV, VII, VIII
D. A I, III, VII, VIII; B II, IV, V, VI
Answer : C

29. Match the terms given in column I with their funciton given in column II and choose the correct option.

Column-I	Column-II
(Term)	(Functions)
A. Meristem	I. Photosynthesis, storage
B. Parenchyma	II. Mechanical support
C. Collenchyma	III. Actively dividing cells
D. Sclerenchyma	IV. Stomata
E. Epidermal tissue	V. Sclereids

A. A I, B III, C V, D II, E IV
B. A III, B I, C II, D V, E IV
C. A II, B IV, C V, D I, E III
D. A V, B IV, C III, D II, E I
Answer : B

30. As secondary growth proceeds, in a dicot stem, the thickness of
A. sapwood increases.
B. heartwood increase.
C. both sapwood and heartwood increases.
D. both sapwood and heartwood remains the same.
Answer : C

31. The given figure shows apical meristem of root apex with few part marked as A, B and C. Identify the correct labelling of A, B and C.

A. A Vascular structure, B Protoderm, C Root cap
B. A Cortex, B Endodermis, C Root cap
C. A Cortex, B Protoderm, C Root cap
D. A Tunica, B Protoderm, C Root cap
Answer : C

32. Match column-I with column-II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

Column-I	Column-II
A. Stele	I. Innermost layer of cortex
B. Endodermis	II. Suberin
C. Casparian strips	III. All the tissues exterior to vascular cambium
D. Bark	IV. All the tissues inner to endodermis

A. A IV, B I, C II, D III
B. A III, B II, C I, D IV
C. A I, B II, C III, D IV
D. A IV, B II, C I, D III
Answer : A

33. Which one of the following statement is incorrect ?

1. Epidermal cell has small amount of cytoplasm and a large vacuole.
2. Waxy cuticle layer is absent in roots.
3. Root hairs are unicellular, while stem hairs / trichomes are multicellular.
4. Trichomes may be branched or unbranched, soft or stiff and prevent transpiration.
5. Guard cells are dumbell shaped in dicots and beanshaped in monocots (e.g. grass).

A. Only (i)
B. Only (iv)
C. Only (iii)
D. Only (v)
Answer : D

34. Some vascular bundles are described as open because these
A. are surrounded by pericycle but not endodermis.
B. are capable of producing secondary xylem and phloem.
C. possess conjunctive tissue between xylem and phloem.
D. are not surrounded by pericycle.
Answer : B

35. Match the names of the structures given in column-I with the functions given in column-II, choose the answer which gives the correct combination of the two columns :

Column-I	Column-II
(Structure)	(Function)
A. Stomata	I. Protection of stem
B. Bark	II. Plant movement
C. Cambium	III. Secondary growth
D. Cuticle	IV. Transpiration
V. Prevent the loss of water	...

A. A V, B III, C I, D IV
B. A I, B IV, C V, D III
C. A II, B IV, C I, D III
D. A IV, B I, C III, D V
Answer : D

36. A tissue is a group of cells which are
A. similar in origin, but dissimilar in form and function.
B. dissimilar in origin, form and function.
C. dissimilar in origin, but similar in form and function.
D. similar in origin, form and function.
Answer : D

37. Lignin is the important constituent in the cell wall of
A. phloem
B. parenchyma
C. xylem
D. cambium
Answer : C

38. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Lenticels occur in most woody trees.
B. Sclerenchymatous cells are usually present in cortex.
C. The vascular tissue system is divided into three main zones- cortex, pericycle and pith.
D. The conjoint vascular bundles usually have the xylem located only on the outer side of the phloem.
Answer : A

39. Which meristem helps in increasing girth?
A. Lateral meristem
B. Intercalary meristem
C. Primary meristem
D. Apical meristem
Answer : A

40. Apical and intercalary meristems are primary meristems because
A. they occur in the mature region of roots and shoots of many plants.
B. they made up of different kinds of tissues.
C. they involved in econdary growth.
D. they appear early in life of a plant and contribute to the formation of the primary plant body.
Answer : D

41. The given diagrams show stomatal apparatus in dicots and monocots. Which one is correct option for A, B and C?

A. A Epidermal cells; B Subsidiary cells; C chloroplast
B. A Guard cells; B Subsidiary cells; C Stomatal pore
C. A Guard cells; B Epidermal cells; C Guard cells
D. A Epidermal cells; B Subsidiary cells; C Guard cells
Answer : D

42. Xylem functions as a conducting tissue for water and minerals from _________to the ______and__________.
A. roots, stems, leaves
B. stems, roots, leaves
C. leaves, stems, roots
D. leaves, stems, leaves
Answer : A

43. Which of following helps bamboo and grasses to elongate ?
A. Apical meristems
B. Lateral meristems
C. Secondary meristems
D. Intercalary meristems
Answer : D

44. In an experiment, a student cut a transverse section of young stem of a plant which he has taken from his school garden.
After observing it under the microscope how would he ascertain whether it is a monocot stem or a dicot stem?
A. With the help of bulliform cells.
B. With the help of casparian strips.
C. With the help of vascular bundles.
D. With the help of stomatal apparatus.
Answer : C

45. In the given figure of phloem tissue, identify the marked part (A, B and C) which help in maintaining the pressure gradient
in the sieve tubes.

A. A
B. B
C. C
D. None of the above
Answer : C

46. Which of the following statement(s) is/are not correct?

1. Cork cambium is also called phellogen.
2. Cork is also called phellem.
3. Secondary cortex is also called periderm.
4. Cork cambium, cork and secondary cortex are collectively called phelloderm.

A. (iii) and (iv)
B. (i) and (ii)
C. (ii) and (iii)
D. (ii) and (iv)
Answer : A

47. Tissues are classified into two main groups, namely meristematic and permanent tissues on the basis of
A. whether the cells being able to divide or not.
B. position of the cells.
C. whether they are living or dead.
D. none of the above
Answer : A

48. Phellogen and phellem respectively denote
A. cork and cork cambium,
B. cork cambium and cork,
C. secondary cortex and cork,
D. cork and secondary cortex,
Answer : B

49. A plant tissue when stained showed the presence of hemicellulose and pectin in cells wall of its cells. The tissue is called
A. collenchyma
B. sclerenchyma
C. xylem
D. meristem
Answer : A

50. The given figure shows T.S. of monocot stem. Identify the correct labelling of A to F marked in the given figure.

A. A Epidermis, B Hypodermis, C Vascular bundles, D Phloem, E Xylem, F Ground tissue
B. A Cuticle, B Epidermis, C Sclerenchymatous sheath, D Sclerenchymatous hypodermis, E Parenchymatous sheath, F Phloem
C. A Cuticle, B Epidermis, C Sclerenchymatous hypodermis, D Sclerenchymatous sheath, E Parenchymatous sheath, F Phloem
D. A Cuticle, B Epidermis, C Sclerenchymatous hypodermis, D Sclerenchymatous sheath, E Parenchymatous sheath, F Protoxylem
Answer : A