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Biological Classification 1000+ MCQ with answer for UPSC CDS

Thursday 9th of March 2023

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1. Read the given statements and answer the question.
(i) It includes unicellular as well as multicellular fungi.
(ii) In multicellular forms hyphae are branched and septate.
(iii) Conidiophore produces conidia (spores) exogenously in chain.
(iv) Sexual spores are ascospores produced endogenously in chain.
(v) Fruiting body is called ascocarp.
Identify the correct class of fungi which have all the given characteristics.

A. Phycomycetes
B. Sac fungi
C. Club fungi
D. Fungi imperfecti
Answer : B
2. Which of the following statements regarding cyanobacteria is incorrect?
A. It is also called blue green algae.
B. They are chemosynthetic autotrophs.
C. It forms blooms in polluted water bodies.
D. It is unicellular, colonial or filamentous, marine or terrestrial bacteria.
Answer : B
3. Bacteria are found to be primitive organisms because they
A. are small, microscopic which are not seen with naked eye.
B. cause serious diseases to human being, domesticated animals and crop plants.
C. produce endospores which are very resistant to adverse conditions.
D. possess incipient nucleus and show amitotic division.
Answer : D
4. Match column I (Kingdom) with column II (Class) and select the correct options
Column-IColumn-II
(Kingdom)(Class)
A. PlantaeI. Archaebacteria
B. FungiII. Euglenoids
C. ProtistaIII. Phycomycetes
D. MoneraIV. Algae

A. A IV, B III, C II, D I
B. A I, B II, C III, D IV
C. A III, B IV, C II, D I
D. A IV, B II, C III, D I
Answer : A
5. Which group of fungi is commonly known as imperfect fungi ?
A. Phycomycetes
B. Ascomycetes
C. Basidiomycetes
D. Deuteromycetes
Answer : D
6. Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria are named so because
A. they oxidize various inorganic substances such as nitrates, nitrites and ammonia and use the released energy for their ATP production.
B. they oxidize various organic substances and use the released energy for their ATP production.
C. both (a) and (b)
D. none of these
Answer : A
7. Bacteria lack alternation of generation because there is
A. neither syngamy nor reduction division.
B. no distinct chromosomes.
C. no conjugation.
D. no exchange of genetic material.
Answer : A
8. Which of the following group of kingdom protista is being described by the statements given below ?
(i) This group includes diatoms and golden algae.
(ii) They are microscopic and float passively in water currents (plankton).
(iii) Most of them are photosynthetic.
(iv) They have deposits in their habitat; this accumulation over billion of years is referred to as diatomaceous earth.

A. Dinoflagellates
B. Chrysophytes
C. Euglenoids
D. Slime moulds
Answer : B
9. Which of the following is the correct sequence of three steps in the sexual cycle of fungi?
A. Mitosis -> Meiosis -> Fertilization
B. Plasmogamy -> Karyogamy -> Meiosis
C. Mitosis -> Plasmogamy -> Karyogamy
D. Karyogamy -> Plasmogamy -> Meiosis
Answer : B
10. Choose the correct statements (i v) regarding mycoplasma
(i) Mycoplasma has no cell wall.
(ii) Mycoplasma is the smallest living organism.
(iii) Mycoplasma cannot survive without O2.
(iv) Mycoplasma are pathogenic in animals and plants.
(v) A sort of sexual reproduction occurs in bacterium by adopting a primitive DNA transfer from one bacterium to the other.

A. Only (iii)
B. (i), (iii) and (v)
C. (i), (ii), (iv), and (v)
D. All of the above
Answer : C
11. Assume that two normal hyphal cells of different fungal mating types unite. After a period of time, the cell between these cells will dissolve producing a
A. mycelium
B. fruiting body
C. zygote
D. dikaryotic cell, which is also heterokaryotic
Answer : D
12. Which of the following pair is not correctly matched ?
A. Anabaena Cyanobacteria
B. Amoeba Protozoa
C. Gonyaulax Dinoflagellates
D. Albugo Chrysophytes
Answer : D
13. Which statement is not correct for viruses ?
A. Viruses are obligate parasites.
B. Viruses can multiply only when they are inside the living cells.
C. Viruses cannot pass through bacterial filters.
D. Viruses are made up of protein and DNA or RNA (never both DNA and RNA).
Answer : C
14. The bacteria which oxidize various inorganic substances and use the released energy for their ATP production are called _______________.
A. Archaebacteria
B. Heterotrophic bacteria
C. Photosynthetic autotrophic bacteria
D. Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria
Answer : D
15. Dikaryon formation is the characteristic feature of
A. ascomycetes and basidiomycetes.
B. phycomycetes and basidiomycetes.
C. ascomycetes and phycomycetes.
D. phycomycetes and zygomycetes.
Answer : A
16. Which of the following is a parasitic fungi on the mustard plant ?
A. Albugo
B. Puccinia
C. Yeast
D. Ustilago
Answer : A
17. Bacteria and yeast are similar in all the following features except that
A. both are uicellular.
B. both are prokaryotes.
C. both are capable of causing fermentation.
D. both produce spores.
Answer : B
18. Which of the following processes involved in the reproduction of protists ?
A. Binary fission and budding
B. Cell fusion and zygote formation
C. Spore formation and cyst formation
D. All of the above
Answer : D
19. Read the following statements and answer the question given below
(i) They are saprophytic protists.
(ii) Under suitable conditions, they form an aggregation (called plasmodium) which may grow and spread over several feet.
(iii) During unfavourable conditions, the plasmodium differentiates and forms fruiting bodies bearing spores at their tips.
Which of the following class of protists is being described by the above statements ?

A. Euglenoids
B. Dinoflagellates
C. Slime moulds
D. Protozoans
Answer : C
20. Match column I with column II and choose the correct option.
Column IColumn II
A. Mycoplasma(i) Nitrogen fixing cells
B. Decomposers(ii) Blue green algae
C. Methanogens(iii) Production of methane
D. Heterocysts(iv) Most abundant heterotrophs
E. Cyanobacteria(v) Pathogenic in plants and animals

A. A-(i) B-(ii) C-(iii) D-(iv) E-(v)
B. A-(iii) B-(v) C-(ii) D-(iv) E-(i)
C. A-(iii) B-(i) C-(v) D-(ii) E-(iv)
D. A-(v) B-(iv) C-(iii) D-(i) E-(ii)
Answer : D
21. Which one of the following is a characteristic feature of chrysophytes?
A. They are parasitic forms which cause diseases in animals.
B. They have a protein rich layer called pellicle.
C. They have indestructible wall layer deposited with silica.
D. They are commonly called dinoflagellates.
Answer : C
22. Bacteria were regarded to be plants because
A. some of them are green in colour.
B. they are present every where.
C. some of them cannot move.
D. they have a rigid cell wall.
Answer : D
23. A fungus contains cells with two nuclei from different genomes. The nuclei do not fuse but divide independently and simultaneously as new cells are formed. This fungus belongs to
A. phycomycetes
B. zygomycetes
C. deuteromycetes
D. basidiomycetes
Answer : D
24. The symbiotic association of fungi and algae is called
A. lichen
B. mycorrhiza
C. rhizome
D. endomycorrhiza
Answer : A
25. When a moist bread is kept exposed in air, it becomes mouldy and black because
A. spores are present in the water.
B. spores are present in the bread.
C. spores are present in the air.
D. the bread decomposes.
Answer : B
26. Which of the following pigment is present in cyanobacteria?
A. Chlorophyll a
B. Chlorophyll b
C. Chlorophyll c
D. Chlorophyll d
Answer : A
27. Which one single organism or the pair of organisms is correctly assigned to its taxonomic group?
A. Paramecium and Plasmodium belong to the same kingdom as that of Penicillium.
B. Lichen is a composite organism formed from the symbiotic association of an alga and a protozoan.
C. Yeast used in making bread and beer is a fungus.
D. Nostoc and Anabaena are examples of protista.
Answer : C
28. The given figure shows some labelled structure as A, B, C and D. In which structure the protein coat that encloses the nucleic acid is present? 
img6

A. A
B. B
C. C sheath
D. D tail fibres
Answer : A
29. The genetic material of virus includes
A. only RNA.
B. only DNA.
C. RNA and DNA both
D. RNA or DNA i.e. one nucleic acid in a virus.
Answer : D
30. Which of the following statement is correct for both bluegreen algae and bacteria ?
A. Both show anaerobic respiration.
B. Both have chlorophyll pigment.
C. Both are devoid of true nucleus.
D. None of the above
Answer : C
31. Protista includes
A. unicellular eukaryotes with well-defined nucleus only.
B. unicellular prokaryotes with membrane bound organelles.
C. unicellular eukaryotes with well-defined nucleus and membrane bound organelles.
D. both unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes with welldefined nucleus and membrane bound organelles.
Answer : C
32. The subunit of capsid is called
A. core
B. nucleotide
C. amino acid
D. capsomere
Answer : D
33. Choose the correct names of the different bacteria given below according to their shapes. 
img2

A. A – Cocci, B – Bacilli, C – Spirilla, D – Vibrio
B. A – Bacilli, B – Cocci, C – Spirilla, D – Vibrio
C. A – Spirilla, B – Bacilli, C – Cocci, D – Vibrio
D. A – Spirilla, B – Vibrio, C – Cocci, D – Bacilli
Answer : A
34. Which scientist classify plants into trees, shrubs and herbs & animals into two groups having red blood cells and without red blood cells?
A. Aristotle
B. R. H. Whittaker
C. D. J. Ivanowsky
D. W. M. Stanley
Answer : A
35. Which class offungi lacks sex organs but the process of plasmogamy is brought about by fusion of two vegetative or somatic cells of different strains or genotypes?
A. Sac fungi
B. Bracket fungi
C. Imperfect fungi
D. Phycomycetes
Answer : B
36. Match the characters given in column I with their examples given in column II.
Column IColumn II
A. Long slender thread(i) Lichen like structures
B. Association of fungi with(ii) Mycorrhiza roots of higher plants
C. Parasitic fungi on mustard(iii) Neurospora
D. Fungi extensively used in(iv) Albugo biochemical and genetic work
E. An association in which(v) Hyphae algal component is called phycobiont

A. A-(v) B-(ii) C-(iv) D-(iii) E-(i)
B. A-(iii) B-(i) C-(iv) D-(ii) E-(v)
C. A-(ii) B-(i) C-(iii) D-(v) E-(iv)
D. A-(iii) B-(ii) C-(iv) D-(i) E-(v)
Answer : A
37. Which of the following is smallest living cell and can live without oxygen ?
A. Mycoplasma
B. Mycorrhiza
C. Euglena
D. Trypanosoma
Answer : A
38. Select the correct match from the given option.
A. Occurrence of dikaryotic stage - ascomycetes and basidiomycetes.
B. Saprophytes - They are autotrophic and absorb soluble organic matter from dead substrates.
C. Vegetative mean of reproduction in fungi - fragmentation, budding and sporangiophores.
D. Steps involved in asexual cycle of fungi - plasmogamy, karyogamy and meiosis in zygote resulting in haploid spores.
Answer : A
39. Mycorrhizae are useful for plants because they
A. fix atmospheric nitrogen.
B. enhance absorption of nutrients from the soil.
C. kill insects and pathogen.
D. provide resistance against abiotic stresses.
Answer : B
40. How many organisms in the list given below are autotrophs? Lactobacillus, Nostoc, Chara, Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter, Streptomyces, Saccharomyces, Trypanosomes, Porphyra, Wolffia
A. Four
B. Five
C. Six
D. Three
Answer : C
41. Which of the following statement is/ are correct for bacteria ?
A. They are the members of the kingdom monera.
B. They live in extreme habitats such as hot springs, deserts, snow and deep oceans.
C. They show the most extensive metabolic diversity.
D. All of the above
Answer : D
42. Identify the basis of classification of fungi into phycomycetes, ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and deuteromycetes.
i. Fruiting bodies
ii. Nature of habitat
iii. Morphology of mycelium
iv. Mode of spore formation

A. i & ii only
B. ii & iii only
C. i, ii, & iv only
D. All of these
Answer : C
43. Ustilago causes plant diseases (called smuts) because
A. they parasitize on cereals.
B. they lack mycelium.
C. they develop sooty masses of spores.
D. their affected parts becomes completely black.
Answer : D
44. Fungi are filamentous with the exception of X which is unicellular. Identify X.
A. Yeast
B. Algae
C. Bacteria
D. Lichen
Answer : A
45. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about class basidiomycetes ?
(i) They are commonly known as imperfect fungi because only the asexual or vegetative phases of these fungi are known.
(ii) They grow in soil, on logs and tree stumps and in living plant bodies as parasites, e.g., rusts and smuts.
(iii) The mycelium is branched and septate.
(iv) Some common members are Agaricus, Ustilago and Puccinia.

A. Only (i)
B. Both (ii) and (iii)
C. (ii), (iii) and (iv)
D. All of these
Answer : C
46. Match the terms given in column-I with their examples given in column-II and choose the correct option
Column-IColumn-II
(Terms)(Examples)
A. AscusI. Spirulina
B. BasidiumII. Penicillium
C. ProtistaIII. Agaricus
D. CyanobacteriaIV. Euglena
E. AnimaliaV. Sponges

A. A II, B III, C IV, D V, E I
B. A I, B II, C III, D V, E IV
C. A II, B V, C III, D I, E IV
D. A II, B III, C IV, D I, E V
Answer : D
47. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct ?
(i) Reproduction in fungi can take place by vegetative means fragmentation, fission and budding.
(ii) Fusion of two nuclei is called plasmogamy.
(iii) Fusion of protoplasms between two motile or nonmotile gametes is called karyogamy.
(iv) Meiosis in zygote results in diploid spores.

A. Only (i)
B. Both (ii) and (iii)
C. (ii), (iii) and (iv)
D. All of these
Answer : A
48. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about ascomycetes ?
(i) Neurospora, which is used in biochemical and genetic work is a member of this class.
(ii) They are mostly multicellular, e.g., Yeast, or rarely unicellular, e.g., Penicillium.
(iii) They are saprophytic, decomposers, parasitic or coprophilous.
(iv) Some examples are Aspergillus, Claviceps and Neurospora.

A. Both (i) and (ii)
B. Only (ii)
C. (i), (iii) and (iv)
D. All of these
Answer : C
49. Clamp connection is found in
A. basidiomycetes
B. ascomycetes
C. saccharomycetes
D. haplomycetes
Answer : A
50. Yeast is not included in protozoans but in fungi because
A. it has no chlorophyll.
B. some fungal hyphae grow in such a way that they give the appearance of pseudomycelium.
C. it has eukaryotic organization.
D. cell wall is madeup of cellulose and reserve food material is starch.
Answer : B

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