Cell - the unit of life MCQ Solved Paper for XAT

1. In the given figure of animal cell, one orginelle is marked as A. Select the correct identification and function of the organelle A from the given option.

A. Endoplasmic reticulum Synthesis of lipids.
B. Mitochondria Produce cellular energy in the form of ATP.
C. Golgi body Provides packaging material.
D. Lysosomes Secrete hydrolytic enzymes.
Answer : B

2. Which one of the following combination is mismatched?
A. Glycocalyx May be capsule or slime layer
B. Pili Reproduction
C. Cell wall Protective, determines shape, prevents from bursting
D. Flagella, pili and fimbriae Surface structures of bacterial cell
Answer : B

3. 9.A student was given cell samples (A and B) to identify parts which are highlighted. He observed the samples under the microscope and list down the function of the part of cell sample. The information collected by the student is listed in the table below, on the basis of which the student infers that the samples contain the organelles.

Sample A	Sample B
Make energy available for cellular metabolism	Generates ATP and synthes izes s ugar
Absent in cell that carry oxygen throughout the body	Present in plant cell
Called the energy currency of cell	Source o f all the food energy

Explain why the samples were belonged to eukaryotic cell and not prokaryotic cell? Because,
A. eukaryotic cell have membrane bound organelles.
B. eukaryotic cell have non - membrane bound organelles.
C. eukaryotic cell are smaller and multiply more rapidly than prokaryotic cells.
D. eukaryotic cell are larger and multiply more rapidly than prokaryotic cells.
Answer : B

4. A component of cytoskeleton is
A. microtubule
B. bone
C. chitin
D. cartilage.
Answer : A

5. Which of the following statements are incorrect ?

1. Plant cells have centrioles which are absent in almost all animal cells.
2. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.
3. The middle lamella is a layer mainly of calcium carbonate which holds the different neighbouring cells together.
4. In animal cell, steroidal hormones are synthesized by smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Of the above statements

A. (i) and (iii)
B. (iii) and (iv)
C. (ii) and (iv)
D. (i) and (iv)
Answer : A

6. Membranous extensions in blue green algae are known as
A. phytochrome
B. chromatophore
C. mesosome
D. pneumatophore
Answer : B

7. Which of the following will determines the shape of the cells and provides a strong structural support to prevent the bacterium from bursting or collapsing?
A. Plasmids
B. Cell wall
C. Mesosome
D. Cell membrane
Answer : B

8. Both the membranes of mitochondrion are
A. structurally different but functionally similar.
B. structurally as well as functionally different.
C. structurally similar but functionally different.
D. structurally different but functionally similar.
Answer : B

9. The cell theory was given in year 1839 by Schleiden and Schwann. According to this theory all organisms are composed of cell and cells are the basic unit of life.
How did this theory help in the field of science?
A. It helped to study the working of cells.
B. It helped in curing diseases caused by cell.
C. It helped in restating the earlier theories on cell.
D. It helped in introducing the use of microscopes to study cell.
Answer : A

10. The given diagram shows the types of chromosomes (labelled as A, B, C & D) based on the position of centromere.
Which one is the correct option for the labelled chromosomes. A, B, C and D ?

A. A Telocentric chromosome, B Acrocentric chromosome, C Submetacentric chromosome, D Metacentric chromosome
B. A Acrocentric chromosome, B Telocentric chromosome, C Metacentric chromosome, D Submetacentric chromosome
C. A Submetacentric chromosome, B Metacentric chromosome, C Telocentric chromosome, D Acrocentric chromosome
D. A Metacentric chromosome, B Submetacentric chromosome, C Acrocentric chromosome, D Telocentric chromosome.
Answer : A

11. Which one of the following organelle given below is correctly matched with its function ?

A. Golgi apparatus Protein synthesis
B. Golgi apparatus Formation of glycolipids
C. Rough endoplasmic reticulum Protein synthesis
D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum Formation of glycoproteins
Answer : C

12. Protein synthesis in an animal cell occurs
A. on ribosomes present in cytoplasm as well as in mitochondria.
B. on ribosomes present in the nucleolus as well as in cytoplasm.
C. only on ribosomes attached to the nuclears envelope and endoplasmic reticulum.
D. only on the ribosomes present in cytosol.
Answer : A

13. Microtubules are absent in
A. mitochondria
B. centriole
C. flagella
D. spindle fibres
Answer : A

14.
Which cellular structure helps in transferring genetic information from one generation to another?
A. W
B. X
C. Y
D. Z
Answer : C

16. Nucleolus is
A. rounded structure found in cytoplasm near nucleus.
B. rounded structure inside nucleus and having rRNA.
C. rod-shaped structure in cytoplasm near the nucleus.
D. none of the above.
Answer : B

17. Which of the following statements are correct?
A. Na+/K+ pump is an example of active transport.
B. In plant cells lipid like steroidal hormones are synthesized in SER.
C. In plant cells, the vacuoles can occupy up to 10% of the volume of the cell.
D. Chlorophyll and leucoplast are responsible for trapping light energy essential for photosynthesis.
Answer : A

18. Plastids are found in
A. all animal cells.
B. some animal cells.
C. all plant cells.
D. all plant cells and euglenoides.
Answer : D

19. Given below are some characters of a cell organelle identify the correct organelle which shows all the characters described above.

1. It is a membrane bound space found in the cytoplasm.
2. It is bound by a single membrane called tonoplast.
3. It contains water, sap, excretory products and other materials not useful to the cell.
4. It has higher concentration of sap than the cytoplasm.

A. Golgi apparatus
B. Lysosomes
C. Endoplasmic reticulum
D. Vacuoles
Answer : D

20. Grana are
A. protein storing plastids.
B. coloured plastids.
C. stacks of thylakoids.
D. individual thylakoids present in stroma.
Answer : C

21. The figure below shows the structure of a mitochondrion with its four parts labelled (A), (B), (C) and (D).

Select the part correctly matched with its function.
A. Part (D): Outer membrane Gives rise to inner membrane by splitting.
B. Part (B): Inner membrane Forms infoldings called cristae.
C. Part (C): Cristae Possess single circular DNA molecule and ribosomes.
D. Part (A): Matrix Major site for respiratory chain enzymes.
Answer : B

22. Consider the following statements and choose the correct statement.

1. The endomembrane system includes mitochondria, chloroplast and peroxisomes.
2. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the major site for synthesis of lipid.
3. Rough endoplasmic reticulum is actively involved in protein synthesis.
4. Mitochondrial matrix possesses single circular DNA, a few RNA and 80S ribosomes. Of the above statements.

A. (i) and (iii)
B. (ii) and (iv)
C. (iii) and (iv)
D. (ii) and (iii)
Answer : D

23. Which of the following statement is false?
A. The ribosomes of a polysome translate the mRNA into protein.
B. Mitochondria divide by fragmentation.
C. All cell arise from pre-existing cells.
D. The lipid component of the membrane mainly consists of phosphoglycerides.
Answer : B

24. Function of contractile vacuole in Amoeba is
A. excretion and osmoregulation.
B. digestion and respiration.
C. osmoregulation and transportation.
D. none of the above.
Answer : A

25. 8.A student was given cell samples (A and B) to identify parts which are highlighted. He observed the samples under the microscope and list down the function of the part of cell sample. The information collected by the student is listed in the table below, on the basis of which the student infers that the samples contain the organelles.

Sample A	Sample B
Make energy available for cellular metabolism	Generates ATP and synthes izes s ugar
Absent in cell that carry oxygen throughout the body	Present in plant cell
Called the energy currency of cell	Source o f all the food energy

Identify the part highlighted in the sample A and B and explain why they were called as semi-autonomous organelles?
A. Sample A - Mitochondria, Sample B - Chloroplast; because both the organelles are double membrane bound structure.
B. Sample A- Mitochondria, Sample B - Chloroplast; because they both are capable of synthesis of their own proteins only.
C. Sample A - Mitochondria, Sample B - Chloroplast; because they are capable of synthesis of their own proteins and contain their own DNA.
D. Sample A- Mitochondria, Sample B - Chloroplast; because they contain their own DNA to transfer the genetic information from one generation to another.
Answer : C

26. The cytoskeleton is a proteinaceous network of fibres in the cytoplasm. It is involved in
A. mechanical support.
B. motility.
C. maintenace of cell-shape.
D. all of the above
Answer : D

27. Which of the following is incorrect ?
A. Mycoplasma is the smallest cell (0.3 �).
B. Bacteria are 3 to 5 �m in size.
C. The largest cell is the egg of an ostrich.
D. Nerve cells are some of the smallest cells.
Answer : D

28. Golgi apparatus is concerned with
A. excretion
B. secretion
C. ATP synthesis
D. RNA synthesis
Answer : A

29. Most of water, in mature plant cells occurs in
A. nucleus
B. cell wall
C. vacuoles
D. cytoplasm
Answer : C

30. Which of the following statements are correct ?

1. In prokaryotic cells, a special membranous structure formed by the extension of the plasma membrane into the cell is known as polysome.
2. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the major site for synthesis of glycoproteins.
3. RuBisCO is the most abundat protein in the whole biosphere.
4. Mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes are not considered as part of endomembrane system. Of the above statements

A. (iii) and (iv)
B. (i) and (ii)
C. (ii) and (iii)
D. (i) and (iv)
Answer : A

31. An organalle devoid of membrane covering is
A. vacuole
B. ribosome
C. peroxisome
D. lysosome
Answer : B

32. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
A. Cristae The tubular structure formed by the folding of the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.
B. Plasmodesmata The membrane surrounding the vacuole in plants.
C. Grana Membrane bound discs in chloroplasts that contain chlorophylls and carotenoids.
D. Middle lamella Layer between adjacent cells walls in plants derived from cell plate.
Answer : B

33. Select the statements which are related to Schwann.

1. He reported that cells have a thin outer layer which is today known as plasma membrane
2. Cell wall is a unique character of the plant cell.
3. Body of plants and animals are composed of cells and products of cells.

A. Only (i)
B. Only (iii)
C. (i) and (iii)
D. All of these
Answer : D

34. Which one of the following structures between two adjacent cells is an effective transport pathway?
A. Plasmodesmata
B. Plastoquinones
C. Endoplasmic reticulum
D. Plasmalemma
Answer : A

35. Identify the cell organelle given below. Which is an important site of formation of glyeoproteins & glycolipids

A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C. Golgi body
D. mitochondria
Answer : C

36. The given diagram shows the sectional view of a mitochondrion.

Identify the parts labelled as A, B, C, D & E
A. A - Outer membrane, B - Inner membrane, C - Matrix, D - Inter- membrane space, E - Crista
B. A - Outer membrane, B - Inner membrane, C - Intermembrane space, D - Matrix, E - Crista
C. A - Outer membrane, B - Inner membrane, C - Matrix, D - Crista, E - Inter - membrane space
D. A - Outer membrane, B - Inner membrane, C- Crista, D - Matrix, E - Inter-membrane space
Answer : A

37. Read the statements given below with regard to the functions performed by Golgi apparatus ?

1. Transport and chemically modify the materials contained within it.
2. Performs the function of packaging materials.
3. Important site of formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids.

Which of the following is the correct answer ?
A. (i) is wrong but (ii) and (iii) are correct
B. (ii) is wrong but (i) and (iii) are correct
C. (ii) and (iii) are wrong but (i) is correct
D. All are correct.
Answer : D

38. Centrifugation of a cell results in the rupture of the cell membrane and the contents compacting into a pellets in the bottom of the centrifuge tube. Bathing this pellet with a glucose solution yields metabolic activity including the production of ATP. One of the contents of this pellet is most likely which of the following?
A. Cytosol
B. Mitochondria
C. Lysosomes
D. Golgi bodies
Answer : B

39. Plastids storing fat are called
A. Elaioplasts
B. Sphaerosomes
C. Aleuroplasts
D. Pyrenoids
Answer : A

40. Choose the wrong statements regarding bacterial cell

1. Glycocalyx is the outermost envelope in bacteria.
2. The glycocalyx could be a loose sheath called capsule.
3. The glycocalyx may be thick and tough called slime layer.
4. A special structure formed by the plasma membrane is called mesosome.
5. Small bristle like fibres sprouting out of the cell are called fimbriae.

A. (i) and (iii)
B. (i) and (ii)
C. (ii) and (iii)
D. (i) and (iv)
Answer : C

41. A student placed two cells in the same solution in two different containers. The observation was given in the table.

Container	Observation
1	Cell burst
2	Cell does not change its shape

Which structure maintains the shape of the cell present in container 2 and provides the most significant difference between the two cells?
A. Nucleus
B. Cell wall
C. Chloroplast
D. Cell membrane
Answer : B

42. Difference between the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells in having
A. cell wall
B. nuclear membrane
C. ribosome
D. none of these
Answer : B

43. Which of the following statement is correct regarding vacuole?
A. It is membrane-bound and contains storage proteins and lipids.
B. It is membrane-bound and contains water and excretory substances.
C. It lacks membrane and contains air.
D. It lacks membrane and contains water and excretory substances.
Answer : B

44. You are asked to examine a cell using a powerful light microscope. The image you see has a clearly defined nucleus and mitochondria. It also has a large central vacuole and chloroplasts. From what group of organisms did this cell most likely come?
A. Bacteria
B. Protists
C. Fungi
D. Plants
Answer : D

45. Satellite means
A. terminal part of the chromosome beyond secondary constriction.
B. terminal part of the chromosome beyond primary constriction.
C. terminal part of chromosome beyond tertiary constriction.
D. none of the above
Aswer : A

46. Select the correct match of the types of neuron present in column I with its location given in column II.

Column I	Column II
A. Centrioles	(i) Non-membrane bound organelle which helps in cell division
B. Fimbriae	(ii) Special structure of bacteria which help them to attach with rocks in stream and also to host tissue
C. Endomembrane	(iii) Includes those organelles system whose functions are coordinated
D. Mitochondria	(iv) Divide by fission and site of aerobic respiration

A. A - (i), B - (ii), C - (iii), D - (iv)
B. A - (iii), B - (i), C - (ii), D - (iv)
C. A - (iii), B - (i), C - (iv), D - (ii)
D. A - (i), B - (iv), C - (iii), D - (ii)
Answer : B

47. The membrane of the erythrocytes has approximately ___% of proteins and ___% lipids.
A. 42, 50
B. 52, 40
C. 50, 50
D. 60, 40
Answer : B

48. Extension of plasma membrane in prokaryotic cell is
A. mesosome
B. haploid
C. ribosome
D. none of these
Answer : A

49. Match the items given in column-I with their role given in column-II and choose the correct option.

Column-I	Column-II
A. SER	I. Increase the surface area
B. Golgi apparatus	II. Store oils or fats
C. Cristae	III. Excretion
D. Peroxisome	IV. Photorespiration
E. Elaioplasts	V. Synthesis of lipid

A. A V; B III; C I; D IV; E II
B. A V; B III: C II; D IV; E I
C. A II; B III; C I; D IV; E V
D. A III; B IV; C I; D V; E II
Answer : A

50. Microtubules, motor proteins, and actin filaments are all part of the
A. mechanism of photosynthesis that occurs in chloroplasts.
B. rough ER in prokaryotic cells.
C. cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells.
D. process that moves small molecules across cell membranes.
Answer : C