Morphology of flowering plants MCQ Solved Paper for UPSC CDS

1. The mature seeds of plants such as gram and peas, possess no endosperm, because
A. these plants are not angiosperms.
B. there is no double fertilization in them.
C. endosperm is not formed in them.
D. endosperm gets used up by the developing embryo during seed development.
Answer : D

2. When a flower can be divided into two equal radial halves in any radial plane passing through the centre, it is known as
A. actinomorphic
B. zygomorphic
C. asymmetric
D. bisymmetric
Answer : A

3. Seeds are regarded as products of sexual reproduction because they
A. can be stored for long time.
B. are result of fusion of pollen tube.
C. are result of fusion of gametes.
D. give rise to new plants.
Answer : C

4. Stilt roots occur in __________ .
A. groundnut
B. rice
C. sugarcane
D. wheat
Answer : C

5. Which one of the following option shows the correct labelling of the structure marked as A, B, C & D? 

A. A - Gynoecium, B - Megasporophyll, C - Ovule, D - Thalamus
B. A - Gynoecium, B - Stamen, C - Seed, D - Thalamus
C. A - Microsporophyll, B - Stamen, C - Ovule, D - Thalamus
D. A - Gynoecium, B - Stamen, C - Ovule, D - Thalamus
Answer : D

6. Which one of the following characteristics is not related to gynoecium?
A. It is the female reproductive part of the flower.
B. It is composed of stamens.
C. Stigma is usually at the tip of the style and is the receptive surface for pollen grains.
D. Each ovary bears one or more ovules attached to a flattened, cushion like placenta.
Answer : B

7. Match the following placentation types given in column I with their examples given in column II and choose the correct combination from the options given below.

(Placentation Types)	(Examples)
A. Basal	I. Dianthus
B. Free central	II. Pea
C. Parietal	III. Lemon
D. Axile	IV. Marigold
E. Marginal	V. Argemone

A. A I, B II, C III, D IV, E V
B. A II, B III, C IV, D V, E I
C. A IV, B I, C V, D III, E II
D. A IV, B III, C V, D I, E II
Answer : C

8. Ginger is an underground stem. It is distinguished from root because
A. it lacks chlorophyll.
B. it stores food.
C. it has nodes and internodes.
D. it has xylem and vessels.
Answer : C

9. Study the following statements and select the correct option

1. Buds are present in axil of leaflets of the compound leaf.
2. Pulvinus leaf-base is present in some leguminous plants.
3. In Alstonia, the petioles expand, become green and synthesize food.
4. Opposite phyllotaxy is seen in guava.

A. (ii) and (iv) are correct but (i) and (iii) are incorrect.
B. (i) and (iii) are correct but (ii) and (iv) are incorrect.
C. (i) and (iv) are correct but (ii) and (iii) are incorrect.
D. (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct but (i) is incorrect.
Answer : A

10. Statement 1 : A simple leaf has undivided lamina.
Statement 2 : Leaves showing pinnate and palmate venations have various type of incisions.
A. Statement-1 and statement-2 are true and statement-2 is a correct explanation for statement -1.
B. Statement -1 and statement -2 are true but statement-2 is not a correct explanation for statement-1.
C. Statement-1 is true and statement-2 is false.
D. Both the statements are false.
Answer : B

11. Which of the following statement(s) is /are correct?

1. Many plants belong to family fabaceae are good ornamentals (Tulip, Gloriosa), source of medicine (Aloe) and vegetables (Asparagus).
2. The plumule and radicle are enclosed in sheaths which are called coleorhiza and coleoptile respectively.
3. A flower having either only stamens or only carpels is unisexual.
4. Basal, alternate, linear, exstipulate with parallel venation types of leaves is found in the family liliaceae.

A. Only (i)
B. Both (i) and (ii)
C. Both (iii) and (iv)
D. All of these
Answer : C

12. X is the outermost whorl of the flower and contains Y. Y is green, leaf like and protect the other whorls of the flower. Identify X and Y.
A. X - Calyx; Y - Sepals
B. X - Corolla; Y - Petals
C. X - Gynoecium; Y - Fruit
D. X - Androecium; Y - Ovary
Answer : A

13. The region of the root-tip whose cells undergo rapid elongation and enlargement and are responsible for the growth of the root in length is called the
A. region of maturation.
B. region of elongation.
C. region of meristematic activity.
D. root-hairs.
Answer : B

14. Which of the following is correct with reference to floral character of family solanaceae?
A. Racemose, zygomorphic, unisexual, floral characters
B. Racemose, zygomorphic, bisexual, polypetalous
C. Axillary, bisexual, actinomorphic, epipetalous
D. Axillary, actinomorphic, bisexual, epipetalous
Answer : C

15. Which of the following is not the characteristic features of fabaceae?
A. Tap root system, compound leaves and raceme inflorescence.
B. Flowers actinomorphic, twisted aestivation and gamopetalous.
C. Stamens 10, introrse, basifixed, dithecous.
D. Monocarpellary, ovary superior and bent stigma.
Answer : B

16. Which of the following statements are correct?

1. From the region of elongation, some of the epidermal cells form root hairs.
2. Pneumatophores are seen in Rhizophora.
3. Adventitious roots are seen in the banyan tree.
4. Maize and sugarcane have prop roots.

A. (i) and (iv)
B. (i), (iii) and (iv)
C. (iii) and (iv)
D. (ii) and (iii)
Answer : D

17. The main purpose of phyllotaxy for the leaves is to provide sufficient_______.
A. soil
B. air
C. water
D. light
Answer : D

18. Which type of function is performed by the fleshy leaves of onion and garlic?
A. Storage
B. Reproduction
C. Photosynthesis
D. Protection
Answer : A

19. Prop roots of banyan tree are meant for
A. respiration.
B. absorption of water from soil.
C. providing support to big tree.
D. all of the above.
Answer : C

20. A scar on the seed coat through which the developing seeds attached to the fruit is called as ________.
A. testa
B. tegmen
C. hilum
D. micropyle
Answer : C

21. In flower (X), the gynoecium occupies the highest position while the other parts are situated below it. The ovary in such flowers is said to be Y. Identify X and Y and select the correct option.
A. X - Epigynous, Y - Inferior
B. X - Perigynous, Y - Superior
C. X - Hypogynous, Y - Superior
D. X - Perigynous, Y - Half-inferior
Answer : C

22. The given figure shows the parts of mango and coconut. Choose the option which shows the correct labelling of A, B, C and D marked in the figures. 

A. A - Epicarp, B - Mesocarp, C - Seed, D - Endocarp
B. A - Epicarp, B - Mesocarp, C - Ovule, D - Endocarp
C. A - Epicarp, B - Mesocarp, C - Ovary, D - Endocarp
D. A - Epicarp, B - Mesocarp, C - Embryo, D - Endocarp
Answer : A

23. Which of the following groups of plants have underground stems?
A. Potato, ginger, turmeric, Euphorbia, zaminkand
B. Potato, ginger, turmeric, zaminkand, Colocasia
C. Potato, Citrus, Opuntia, zaminkand, Colocasia
D. Potato, cucumber, watermelon, zaminkand, Colocasia
Answer : B

24. Which of the following is a modified stem for the protection of plants from browsing animals?
A. Tendrils
B. Thorns
C. Rhizome
D. Tuber
Answer : B

25. Fibrous roots develop in maize from
A. upper nodes
B. lower nodes
C. upper internodes
D. none of these
Answer : B

26. Most prominent function of inflorescence is
A. dispersal of seeds.
B. formation of more fruits.
C. formation of pollen grains.
D. dispersal of pollens.
Answer : B

27. When a flower has both androecium and gynoecium, it is known as__________.
A. asexual
B. bisexual
C. unisexual
D. multisexual
Answer : B

28. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about the fruit?

1. Fruit is a mature or ripened ovary, developed before fertilization.
2. It consists of a wall or pericarp and seeds.
3. When pericarp is thick and fleshy, it is differentiated into outer mesocarp, middle epicarp and the inner endocarp.
4. In mango and coconut, the fruit is known as a berry.

A. Only (i)
B. Both (ii) and (iii)
C. Only (ii)
D. All of these
Answer : C

29. Which part of plant is generally green when young and later often become woody and dark brown?
A. stem
B. seed
C. leaves
D. flower
Answer : A

30. Match column-I with column-II and choose the option which shows their correct combination.

Column-I	Column-II
A. Gamosepalous	I. Flower of lily
B. Polysepalous	II. Sterile anther
C. Gamopetalous	III. Free petals
D. Polypetalous	IV. Free sepals
E. Epiphyllous	V. Fused petals
F. Staminode	VI. Fused sepals

A. A IV, B V, C III, D I, E VI, F II
B. A IV, B III, C V, D I, E II, F VI
C. A VI, B IV, C III, D V, E I, F II
D. A VI, B IV, C V, D III, E II, F I
Answer : C

31. The given figure (A, B, and C) shows different types of roots. Identify the root which is seen in wheat plant and originate from the base of the stem? 

A. A
B. B
C. C
D. Both A and B
Answer : B

32. Which of the following represents the floral characters of liliaceae?
A. Six tepals, zygomorphic, six stamens, bilocular ovary, axile placentation.
B. Actinomorphic, polyphyllous, unilocular ovary, axile placentation.
C. Tricorpellary, actinomorphic, polyandrous, superior ovary, axile placentation.
D. Bisexual, zygomorphic, gamophyllous, inferior ovary, marginal placentation.
Answer : C

33. Which of the following plants is growing in swampy areas, where many roots come out of the ground and grow vertically upwards?
A. Potato
B. Opuntia
C. Rhizophora
D. Grass
Answer : C

35. The given figures (A & B) show two types of compound leaves. Choose the option which identity the correct compound leaf and their example (c).

A. A - Pinnately compound leaf, C - Neem
B. A - Palmately compound leaf, C - Neem
C. B- Pinnately compound leaf, C - Silk cotton
D. B- Palmately compound leaf, C - Silk cotton
Answer : A

36. In which of the following plants, a slender lateral branch arises from the base of the main axis and after growing aerially arch downwards to touch the ground?
A. Mint and jasmine
B. Banana and pineapple
C. Grass and stawberry
D. Pistia and Eichhornia
Answer : A

37. Identify the correct families of the given plant species (A, B and C) 

A. A - Liliaceae, B - Compositae, C - Malvaceae
B. A - Fabaceae, B - Solanaceae, C - Liliaceae
C. A - Compositae, B - Malvaceae, C - Liliaceae
D. A - Solanaceae, B - Fabaceae, C - Liliaceae
Answer : B

38. Which of the following statements are correct about the leaf?

1. Leaf is a lateral, generally flattened structure borne on the stem.
2. It develops at the node and bears a bud in its axil.
3. Leaves originate from root apical meristems and arranged in an acropetal order.
4. They are the most important vegetative organs for reproduction.

A. (i) and (ii)
B. (ii) and (iii)
C. (i), (ii) and (iv)
D. all of these
Answer : A

39. Pneumatophores are found in
A. the vegetation which is found in marshy and saline lake.
B. the vegetation which found in saline soil.
C. xerophytic condition.
D. hydrophytic condition.
Answer : A

40. The given figure shows the parts of flowering plant. Which parts of the given figure were involved in the following functions:

1. Storing reserve food material


2. Synthesis of plant growth regulators.


3. Absorption of water and minerals from the soil.


4. Providing a proper anchorage to the plant parts

A. 5 and 6
B. 1, 2 and 6
C. 1, 2, 3 and 4
D. 2, 4, 5 and 6
Answer : A

41. The given figures (A and B) shows the modificaiton of roots.Which of the following statements regarding the figures is correct ? 

A. Tap roots of carrot, turnip and adventitious root of sweet potato, get swollen and store food.
B. Pneumatophores conducts water, minerals & photosynthesis
C. Pneumatophore is found in the plants that grow in sandy soil.
D. Turnip & carrot shows adventitious roots and sweet potato shows tap root.
Answer : A

42. The character of flower which is represented by floral formula but not by floral diagram is
A. aestivation
B. placentation
C. position of gynoecium
D. adhesion of stamen
Answer : C

43. Which one of the following statement is not correct?
A. Each stamen which represents the male reproductive organ consists of a stalk or a filament and an anther.
B. An actinomorphic flower can be dissected into two equal halves from any plane.
C. Superior ovary is found in hypogynous flowers.
D. When stamens are attached to the petals, they are epiphyllous as in brinjal.
Answer : D

44. A sterile stamen is known as
A. staminode
B. anther
C. pollen grain
D. filament
Answer : A

45. Which one of the following characteristics does not belong to parietal placentation?
A. Ovules are borne on central axis.
B. Ovary is one-chambered but it becomes two-chambered due to the formation of false septum.
C. Examples are mustard and Argemone.
D. Both (b) and (c)
Answer : A

46. Identify the different types of aestivation (A, B, C and D) in corolla and select the correct option. 

A. A-Valvate, B-Twisted, C-Imbricate, D-Vexillary
B. A-Vexillary, B-Valvate, C-Twisted, D-Imbricate
C. A-Imbricate, B-Vexillary, C-Valvate, D-Twisted
D. A-Twisted, B-Imbricate, C-Vexillary, D-Valvate
Answer : A

47. Consider the following statements regarding the root system of angiosperms and choose the correct option given below.

1. In monocots, the fibrous root system arises from the base of the stem.
2. The region of elongation is called the root hair region.
3. In sweet potato, the adventitious roots get swollen and store food.
4. The stems of maize and sugarcane have supporting roots called prop roots.

A. (i) and (ii) are correct but (iii) and (iv) are wrong.
B. (ii) and (iii) are correct but (i) and (iv) are wrong.
C. (ii) and (iv) are correct but (i) and (iii) are wrong.
D. (i) and (iii) are correct but (ii) and (iv) are wrong.
Answer : D

48. The region of the root-tip which is involved in the formation of root hairs by epidermal cells is called the
A. region of maturation.
B. region of meristematic activity.
C. region of elongation.
D. none of the above.
Answer : A

49. Which of the following is an example of pinnately compound leaf ?
A. Cucumber
B. Papaya
C. Cucurbita
D. Neem
Answer : D

50. Cotyledons and testa respectively are edible parts in which of the following group?
A. walnut and tamarind
B. cashew nut and litchi
C. french bean and coconut
D. groundnut and pomegranate
Answer : D