UPSC CDS - Structural Organization In Animals 1000+ MCQ [Solved] PDF Download

1. Match column-I (type of epithelium) with column-II (Description) and choose the correct option.

Column-I	Column-II
(Types of epithelium)	(Description)
A. Squamous	I. It is composed of a epithelium single-layer of cube-like cells
B. Cuboidal	II. Having cilia on their free epithelium surface
C. Columnar	III. It is composed of a single epithelium layer of tall and slender cells
D. Ciliated	IV. It is made up of a single thin epithelium layer of flattened cells with irregular boundaries

A. A IV; B I; C III; D II
B. A I; B IV; C III; D II
C. A IV; B I; C II; D III
D. A IV; B III; C I; D II
Answer : B

2. Phallic organs in cockroach are related to
A. male excretory system.
B. male reproductive system.
C. female excretory system.
D. female reproductive system.
Answer : B

3. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about nervous system of cockroach ?

1. It consists of a series of fused segmentally arranged ganglia joined by paired longitudinal connectives on the ventral side.
2. There are six ganglia lie in the thorax, and three in the abdomen.
3. The sense organs are antennae, eyes, maxillary pulps, labial pulps and anal cerci etc.
4. Each eye consists of about 5000 hexagonal ommatidia.

A. Both (i) and (iii)
B. Only (ii)
C. Both (i) and (iv)
D. All of these
Answer : C

4. Select the correct statement regarding Periplaneta americana
A. There are 16 very long malpighian tubules present at the junctions of midgut and hindgut.
B. Grinding of food is carried out only by the mouth parts.
C. Nervous system is located ventrally and consists of segmentally arranged ganglia joined by a pair of longitudinal connectives.
D. Females bear a pair of short thread like anal styles.
Answer : D

5. What are the three basic components of connective tissues?
A. Ground substance, cells and basement membrane
B. Cartilage, intercellular matrix and serum
C. Cells, protein fibers and ground substance
D. Collagen, elastin and reticular fibers
Answer : C

6. Match the epithetial tissue given in column-I with its location given in column-II and choose the correct option.

Column I	Column II
(Epithelial tissue)	(Location)
A. Cuboidal	I. Epidermis of skin
B. Ciliated	II. Inner lining of blood vessels
C. Columnar	III. Inner surface of gall bladder
D. Squamous	IV. Inner lining of fallopian tube
E. Keratinized	V. Lining of pancreatic duct squamous

A. A V; B IV; C II; D III; E I
B. A III; B IV; C V; D II; E I
C. A V; B IV; C III; D II; E I
D. A III; B IV; C V; D I; E II
Answer : C

7. The only type of cell seen in a tendon is
A. muscle fibres
B. reticular cells
C. collagenous cells
D. fibroblasts
Answer : D

8. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct regarding excretory system of cockroach ?

1. Excretion is performed by malphigian tubules.
2. They absorb nitrogenous waste products and convert them into uric acid which is excreted out through hindgut. Hence, this insect called ammonetelic.
3. In addition, fat body, nephrocytes and uricose glands also help in excretion.

A. Only (i)
B. Both (ii) and (iii)
C. Both (i) and (iii)
D. All of these
Answer : C

9. Non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium often contains _______, which increase the surface area for secretion and absorption.
A. flagella
B. collagen fibres
C. microvilli
D. all of these
Answer : C

10. Which of the following statement is incorrect regarding cuboidal epithelium ?
A. It is an epithelial tissue.
B. It is composed of a single layer of cube-like cells.
C. They are found in the walls of blood vessels and air sacs of lungs.
D. Secretion and absorption are the main functions of these tissue.
Answer : C

11. Which of the following statements regarding frog is not correct?
A. Fertilization is external and takes place in water.
B. External ear and tympanum can be seen externally.
C. In females the ureters and oviduct open separately in the cloaca.
D. Copulatory pad on the first digit of the fore limbs and vocal sac are present in male frog.
Answer : B

12. Which of the following statement is correct regarding Female reproductive system of earthworm ?
A. It consists of two large ovaries, lying laterally in the 6th 7th abdominal segments.
B. Each ovary is formed of a group of five ovarian tubules or ovarioles, containing a chain of developing ova.
C. A pair of spermatheca is present in the 5th segment which opens into the genital chamber.
D. None of the above
Answer : D

13. A student was given a sample of tissue. He observes and concludes the following characters.

1. The cells are composed of a single layer of tall and slender cells.
2. Their nuclei are located at the base.
3. Free surface may have microvilli.
4. It is found in the lining of stomach and intestine
5. They help in secretion and absorption.

Based on the above features identify the epithelium.
A. Cuboidal epithelium
B. Columnar Epithelium
C. Squamous epithelium
D. Glandular epithelium
Answer : B

14. In the gien diagram of areolar connective tissue, the different cells and parts have been marked by alphabets (A, B, C & D). Choose the answer in which these alphabets correctly match with the parts and cells they indicate.

A. A-Adipocyte, B-Collagen fibres, C-Microfilament, D-Mast cells
B. A-Macrophage, B-Collagen fibres, C-Microfilament, D-Mast cells
C. A-Macrophage, B-Collagen fibres, C-Microtubule, D-RBC
D. A-Macrophage, B-Fibroblast, C-Collagen fibres, D-Mast cells
Answer : D

15. Refer the given figure of female reproductive system of cockroach and identify the correct labels (marked as 1, 2, 3 and 4) which are collectively called genital pouch.

A. 1 & 2
B. 1 & 3
C. 2 & 4
D. 3 & 4
Answer : D

16. Read the following statements.

1. It is a contractile tissue present only in the heart.
2. Cell junctions fuse the plasma membranes of these cells and make them stick together.
3. Communication juntions at some fusion points allow the cells to contract as a unit, i.e., when one cell receives a signal to contract, its neighbours are also stimulated to contract.

Which of the following type of tissue is being described by the above statements ?
A. Skeletal muscle
B. Cardiac muscle
C. Smooth muscle
D. Cartilage
Answer : C

17. What external changes are visible after the last moult of a cockroach nymph?
A. Development of anal cerci.
B. Development of both forewings and hind wings.
C. Development labium.
D. Mandibles become harder.
Answer : B

18. The chondrocytes of connective tissue are
A. fibre secreting cells
B. bone forming cells
C. cartilage cells
D. bone eating cells
Answer : C

19. If the head of cockroach is cut off, it will still alive for as long as one week. It is because of
A. the body which is covered with a hard chitinous exoskeleton.
B. head which holds a bit of nervous system.
C. head which is of no use.
D. food capturing appratus which is found elsewhere.
Answer : C

20. Figure given below shows reproductive system of female cockroach. The correct labellings indicated by alphabets (A, B & C) are respectively

A. A-Spermatheca, B-Collaterial glands, C-Gonapophyses
B. A-Phallic gland, B-Collaterial glands, C-Gonapophyses
C. A-Spermatheca, B-Seminal vesicle, C-Gonapophyses
D. A-Spermatheca, B-Collateral glands, C-Tegmina
Answer : A

21. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct regarding respiratory system of cockroach ?

1. It consists of a network of trachea, that open through 12 pairs of small holes called spiracles present on the lateral side of the body.
2. Thin branching tubes carry oxygen from the air to all the parts.
3. The opening of the spiracles is regulated by sphincters.
4. Exchange of gases take place at the tracheoles by diffusion.

A. Only (i)
B. (i), (ii) and (iii)
C. (ii), (iii) and (iv)
D. All of these
Answer : C

22. Identify figures-I and II.

Figure I Figure II
A. Dense regular Dense irregular connective tissue, connective tissue
B. Loose irregular Loose regular connective tissue, connective tissue
C. Adipose tissue, Specialized connective tissue
D. Connective tissue Areolar tissue proper
Answer : A

23. Muscle tissue cells are contractile, which means they
A. are responsible for the production and secretion of enzymes.
B. are specialized in contraction and relaxation.
C. help in the movement of involuntary organs only.
D. all of the above
Answer : B

24. The ciliated columnar epithelial cells in humans occur in
A. Eustachian tube and stomach lining
B. bronchioles and fallopian tubes
C. bile duct and oesophagus
D. fallopian tubes and urethra
Answer : B

25. Consider the following statements regarding cockroach and mark the correct option.

1. Head is formed by the fusion of 6-segments.
2. Mouth parts are biting and chewing type.
3. Crop is the part of mid gut.

A. Only (ii) is correct
B. (ii) and (iii) are correct
C. (i) and (ii) are correct
D. Only (iii) is correct
Answer : C

26. Match the terms given in column-I with their feature given in column-II and choose the correct option.

Column-I	Column-II
(Terms)	(Features)
A. Exocrine gland	I. They help to stop substances from leaking across a tissue
B. Endocrine gland	II. Hormones are secreted directly into the fluid bathing the gland
C. Tight junctions	III. They perform cementing to keep neighbouring cells together.
D. Adhering junctions	IV. Secretes mucus, saliva, earwax, oil, milk, digestive enzymes and other cell products

A. A IV; B II; C I; D III
B. A II; B IV; C I; D III
C. A IV; B II; C III; D I
D. A IV; B I; C II; D III
Answer : A

27. Statement 1 : Intercalated discs are important regions of cardiac muscle cells.
Statement 2 : Intercalated discs function as boosters for muscle contraction waves.
A. Statement-1 and statement-2 are true and statement-2 is a correct explanation for statement-1.
B. Statement-1 and statement-2 are true and ttatement-2 is not a correct explanation for statement-1
C. Statement-1 is true, and statement-2 is False
D. Both the statements are false
Answer : A

28. Which of the following statement(s) regarding cell junctions is/are correct ?
A. Tight junctions help to stop substances from leaking across a tissue.
B. Adhering junctions perform cementing to keep neighbouring cells together.
C. Gap junctions facilitate the cells to communicate with each other by connecting the cytoplasm of adjoining cells, for rapid transfer of ions, small molecules and sometimes big molecules.
D. All of the above
Answer : D

29. Gizzard (proventriculus) in cockroach lies between
A. oesophagus and stomach
B. crop and mesenteron
C. mesenteron and ileum
D. oesophagus and crop
Answer : B

30. Which of the following type of muscle tissue is being described on the basis of given statements ?

1. These muscle fibres taper at both ends and do not show striations.
2. The wall of internal organs such as the blood vessels, stomach and intestine contain this type of muscle tissue.
3. They are involuntary as their function cannot be directly controlled.

A. Skeletal muscle
B. Smooth muscle
C. Cardiac muscle
D. All of these
Answer : B

31. Which of the following type of tissue is being described by the given statements ?

1. They are named because of their special function of linking and supporting other tissues/organs of the body.
2. They include cartilage, bone, adipose and blood.
3. They provide strength, elasticity and flexibility to the tissue.
4. They also secrete modified polysaccharides, which accumulate between cells and fibres and act as matrix.

A. Epithelial tissue
B. Connective tissue
C. Muscle tissue
D. Neural tissue
Answer : B

32. The secretions of endocrine glands are released directly
A. into the skin surface
B. into the blood stream
C. into a gland duct
D. into the brain tissue
Answer : B

33. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct regarding compound epithelium ?
A. It is made of more than one layer of cells and thus has a limited role in secretion and absorption.
B. Their main function is to provide protection against chemical and mechanical stresses.
C. They cover the dry surface of the skin, moist surface of buccal cavity, pharynx, inner lining of ducts of salivary glands and pancreatic ducts.
D. All of the above
Answer : D

34. Which of the following animal's sensory system does not has eyes but does possess light and touch sensitive organs (receptor cells) to distinguish the light intensities and to feel the vibrations in the ground?
A. Frog
B. Snake
C. Earthworm
D. Cockroach
Answer : C

35. Read the following statements and answer the question.

1. It is made of a single thin layer of flattened cells with irregular boundaries.
2. They are found in the walls of blood vessels and air sacs of lungs.
3. They are involved in functions like forming a diffusion boundary.

Which of the following characteristics of tissue is being described by the above statements ?
A. Squamous epithelium
B. Columnar epithelium
C. Ciliated epithelium
D. Compound epithelium
Answer : A

36. The major functions of loose connective tissue include
A. occupying spaces between organs and supporting epithelia.
B. supporting and surrounding blood vessels and nerves
C. cushioning organs, storing lipids and facilitating diffusion.
D. All of the above
Answer : D

37. Identify the figure with its correct function Fig :. Adipose connective tissue

A. Areolar connective tissue Serves as a support framework for epithelium.
B. Adipose tissue Store fats and act as heat insulators.
C. Dense regular tissue Provide flexibility.
D. Dense irregular tissue Provide strength and elasticity.
Answer : B

38. Which of the following types of connective tissue is mismatched with its matrix ?
A. Areolar Loosely packed matrix of protein fibres
B. Bone Mineralized matrix
C. Cartilage Highly vascular matrix
D. Blood Liquid matrix
Answer : C

39. What will happen if ligaments are cut or broken?
A. No movements at joints.
B. Bones will become fixed.
C. Bones will become unfixed.
D. Bone will move freely at joints.
Answer : C

40. Statement 1: Typhlosole increases the effective area of absorption in the intestine.
Statement 2: Typhlosole, present in the intestine, is the characteristic feature of cockroach.
A. Statement 1 and 2 are true and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.
B. Statement 1 and 2 are true and statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1.
C. Both statements 1 and 2 are false.
D. Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false.
Answer : D

41. The diagram given below represents the reproductive organ of male cockroach. Choose the correct labelling of the part of marked as A, B, C and D.

A. A 8th sternum, B - Anal cercus, C - 10th tergum, D - Anal style
B. A - 10th tergum, B - Anal cercus, C - Anal style, D - 8th sternum
C. A - Anal style, B - Anal cercus, C - 10th tergum, D- 8th sternum
D. A - Anal cercus, B - 8th sternum, C - 10th tergum, D - Anal style.
Answer : A

42. In which one of the following preparations, cell junctions come across most frequently ?
A. Ligament
B. Tendon
C. Cartilage
D. Ciliated epithelium
Answer : D

43. The figure given below shows the alimentary canal of cockroach with few structures labelled as 1, 2, 3 and 4. Identify the correct identification of the structure which is also called proventriculus and helps in grinding the food particles.

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Answer : C

44. The given figure shows the digestive system of cockroach with few structures marked as A, B, C and D. Identify structures A to D.

A. A-Gizzard, B-Crop, C-Hepatic caecae, D-Malpighian tubules
B. A-Crop, B-Gizzard, C-Hepatic caecae, D-Malpighian tubules
C. A- Crop, B-Gizzard, C-Malpighian tubules, D-Hepatic caecae
D. A- Gizzard, B-Crop, C-Malpighian tubules, D-Hepatic caecae
Answer : B

45. The blood of cockroach contains no respiratory pigment. It means that
A. cockroach does not respire.
B. respiration is anaerobic.
C. oxygen goes directly into tissues by diffusion.
D. oxygen goes directly into tissues by intracellular capillary system.
Answer : D

46. When cardiac muscle cells are damaged by a heart attack, they are usually replaced by
A. connective tissue cells
B. new smooth muscle cells
C. new cardiac muscle cells
D. epithelial cells
Answer : A

47. Which of the following statement (s) is/are correct ?

1. Loose connective tissue contains fibroblasts, macrophages and mast cells.
2. Adipose tissue is a type of dense connective tissue located mainly beneath the skin.
3. Tendons and ligaments are examples of dense irregular connective tissue.
4. Cartilage, bones and blood are various types of specialized connective tissue.

A. Only (i)
B. Both (ii) and (iv)
C. Both (i) and (iii)
D. (i), (iii) and (iv)
Answer : D

48. The given figure shows open circulatory system of cockroach with structure marked as A, B and C. Which structure is a 13 pair of wing shaped involuntary muscles and mantain blood circulation?

A. A
B. B
C. C
D. Both A nad B
Answer : C

49. The kind of epithelium which forms the inner walls of blood vessels is
A. cuboidal epithelium
B. columnar epithelium
C. ciliated columnar epithelium
D. squamous epithelium
Answer : D

50. Three essential components of most neurons are
A. simple epithelium, extracellular matrix and nerves.
B. axon, dendrites and cell body.
C. nerve cells, synapse and neuroglia.
D. mylein sheeth, node of Ranvier and Schwann cells.
Answer : B