Chip thickness ratio
Forces during metal cutting
Wear of the cutting tool
Deflection of the cutting tool
B. Forces during metal cutting
Face
Fillet
Land
Lead
Knurling
Rough turning
Boring
Thread cutting
Wear of bond
Breaking of abrasive grains
Wear of abrasive grains
Cracks on grinding wheel
50°C
100°C
175°C
275°C
Cross direction only
Longitudinal direction only
Both cross and longitudinal direction
Any direction
Finishing a drilled hole
Producing a large hole without drilling
Truing a hole for alignment
Enlarging a drilled hole
By a form tool
By setting over the tail stock
By a taper turning attachment
By swivelling the compound rest
Feed the casting at a rate consistent with the rate of solidification.
Act as a reservoir for molten metal
Feed molten metal from the pouring basin to the gate
Help feed the casting until all solidification takes place
Up milling
Down milling
Forming
Broaching
Straight fluted reamer
Left hand spiral fluted reamer
Right hand spiral fluted reamer
Any one of these
0° to 8°
9° to 15°
16° to 20°
21° to 25°
Gas tungsten arc welding
Resistance spot welding
Friction welding
Submerged arc welding
VnT = C
VTn = C
Vn/T = C
V/Tn = C
Adjusting the current
Adjusting the duration of current
Changing the electrode size
Changing the electrode coating
Continuous chips
Discontinuous chips
Continuous chips with built-up edge
None of these
Increase in the effective rake angle and a decrease in the effective clearance angle
Increase in both effective rake angle and effective clearance angle
Decrease in the effective rake angle and an increase in the effective clearance angle
Decrease in both effective rake angle and effective clearance angle
Hard materials
Brittle materials
Finishing cuts
All of these
- 0.025, ±0.008
- 0.025, 0.016
- 0.009, ± 0.008
- 0.009, 0.016
The cutting edge of the tool is perpendicular to the direction of tool travel.
The cutting edge clears the width of the workpiece on either ends.
The chip flows over the tool face and the direction of the chip flow velocity is normal to the cutting edge.
All of the above
Poor surface finish is obtained
There is sudden increase in cutting forces and power consumption
Overheating and fuming due to heat of friction starts
All of the above
Plastic deformation of metal
Burnishing friction
Friction between the moving chip and the tool face
None of the above
Soft grade
Medium grade
Hard grade
None of these
Electrochemical machining
Ultrasonic machining
Electro discharge machining
Laser machining
Hardenability of low carbon steels
Machinability of low carbon steels
Hardenability of high carbon steels
Machinability of high carbon steels
Gas metal arc welding
Submerged arc welding
Gas tungsten arc welding
Flux coated arc welding
Low carbon steel
Titanium
Copper
Tin
Increasing the centre distance of bull gear and crank pin
Decreasing the centre distance of bull gear and crank pin
Increasing the length of the arm
Decreasing the length of the slot in the slotted lever
Hard and brittle materials
Soft and ductile materials
Hard and ductile materials
Soft and brittle materials
Rake angle
Clearance angle
Lip angle
Point angle
Spindle
Arbor
Column
Knee