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Amongst which of the following is/ are true with reference to step-by-step breakdown of the process of quantum cryptography,

A. The sender sends a photon through a polarizer with randomly assigned polarizations and bit assignment

B. Photon uses a beam splitter that can be horizontal, vertical, or diagonal to decode or read the polarization of each photon

C. Receiver tells the sender the random assignments of a beam splitter for each photon in the same sequence it was sent

D. All of the mentioned above

Correct Answer :

D. All of the mentioned above


Referring to the step-by-step breakdown of the quantum cryptography process, the first sender sends a photon through a polarizer with randomly assigned polarizations and bit assignments; the second sender sends a photon through a polarizer with randomly assigned polarizations and bit assignments; the third sender sends a photon through a polarizer with randomly assigned polarizations and bit assignments; the fourth sender sends a photon through a polar After decoding or reading the polarization of each photon with a beam splitter, which can be horizontal, vertical, or diagonal in orientation, the photon is returned to its sender, who is informed of the random assignments of a beam splitter for each photon in the same sequence as it was sent.

Related Questions

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4

International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA) was developed by

A. Xuejia Lai and James Massey

B. Xuejia Lai and Bruce Schneier

C. Xuejia Lai and Carlisle Adams

D. Xuejia Lai and Stafford Tavares

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4

Security Goals of Cryptography are

A. Confidentiality

B. Authenticityn

C. Data integrityn

D. All of these

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In Cipher block chaining mode, the current plaintext block is added to the ____.

A. Previous ciphertext block

B. Next ciphertext block

C. Middle ciphertext block

D. None of the mentioned above

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4

Among the following given options, chose the strongest encryption technique?

A. DES ( Data Encryption Standard)

B. Double DES

C. Triple DES

D. AES (Advance Encryption Standard)

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4

What does IDEA stand for in the world of cryptography?orThe IDEA word in the IDEA algorithm is the abbreviation for which of the following?

A. Independent Decryption Environment Analysis

B. International Defense Encryption Area

C. International Data Encryption Algorithm

D. None of the above

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Data encryption standard is a block cipher and encrypts data in blocks of size of _____ each.

A. 16 bits

B. 64 bits

C. 32 bits

D. All of the mentioned above

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4

Cryptographic hashing provides a barrier to potential _______.

A. Attackers

B. Sender

C. Receiver

D. None of the mentioned above

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We are provided the plain text SUN. You need to convert the given plain text into ciphertext under the Ceasar cipher encryption technique. Which of the following options is the correct ciphertext for the given text if the key is 2?

A. UWP

B. NUS

C. WUP

D. QSL

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4

Which of the following options correctly defines the Brute force attack?

A. Brutally forcing the user to share the useful information like pins and passwords.

B. Trying every possible key to decrypt the message.

C. One entity pretends to be some other entity

D. The message or information is modified before sending it to the receiver.

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RSA algorithm is ____ cryptography algorithm.

A. Systematic

B. Symmetric

C. Asymmetric

D. None of the mentioned above

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An initialization vector (IV) or starting variable (SV) is a block of bits that is used by several modes to _____.

A. Randomize the decryption

B. Randomize the encryption

C. Minimize and maximize the randomization

D. None of the mentioned above

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4

All the below-stated processes are performed in the AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) Algorithm. Which of the following process(s) are not performed in the final round of the AES?
a) Substitution bytes
b) Shift rows
c) Mix columns
d) Add round key
Options

A. i.

B. iii.

C. All of the mentioned

D. None of the mentioned

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Quantum cryptography is the science of exploiting quantum mechanical properties to perform _____.

A. Cryptographic system

B. Cryptographic tasks

C. Decryption system

D. None of the mentioned above

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The Data Encryption Standard (DES) is an example of a ...

A. Conventional cryptosystem

B. Asymmetric cryptosystem

C. Caesar's cryptosystem

D. All of these

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A cryptographic hash function is an equation used to verify the ____ of data.

A. Variety

B. Validity

C. Veracity

D. None of the mentioned above

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Post-Quantum Cryptography is a classical cryptographic scheme that is conjectured to be secure against ____.

A. Quantum adversaries

B. Quantum integration

C. Quantum hash

D. None of the mentioned above

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Which of the following ciphers is a block cipher?

A. Caesar cipher

B. Vernam cipher

C. Playfair cipher

D. None of the above

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Cipher Feedback Mode is given as feedback to the ____ of encryption with some new specifications.

A. Next block

B. Previous block

C. Middle block

D. All of the mentioned above

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4

To encrypt the plaintext, a cryptographic algorithm works in combination with a key...

A. Word, number, or phrase

B. Special Symbols

C. Function Keys

D. All of these

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4

A mechanism used to encrypt and decrypt data.

A. Cryptography

B. Algorithm

C. Data flow

D. None of these

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Which of the following security services cannot be achieved using the Hash functions?ORWhich of the following is not possible through hash value?

A. Password Check

B. Data Integrity check

C. Digital Signatures

D. Data retrieval in its original form

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Which of the following is the main disadvantage of the ECB (Electronic Code Book)?orWhich of the following is the major drawback of ECB?

A. It requires large block size

B. Padding is done to make the plain text divisible into blocks of fixed size

C. It is prone to cryptanalysis since there is a direct relationship between plain text and cipher text.

D. None of the above

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4

Which of the following is not a principle of data security?

A. Data Confidentiality

B. Data Integrity

C. Authentication

D. None of the above

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A key is a string of bits used by a cryptographic algorithm to transform plain text into ciphertext. Which of the following is capable of becoming a key in a cryptographic algorithm?

A. An integer values

B. A square matrix

C. An array of characters (i.e. a string)

D. All of the above

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A hash function is a _____ that converts a numerical input value into another compressed numerical value.

A. Abstract view

B. Mathematical function

C. Both A and B

D. None of the mentioned above

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With symmetric key algorithms, the ____ key is used for the encryption and decryption of data.

A. Different

B. Same

C. Both A and B

D. None of the mentioned above

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Conventional cryptography also known as ... encryption.

A. asymmetric-key

B. logical-key

C. symmetric-key

D. None of these

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Which of the following security attacks is not an active attack? ORWhich of the following attacks is a passive attack?

A. Masquerade

B. Modification of message

C. Denial of service

D. Traffic analysis

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4

The DES (Data Encryption Standard) cipher follows the fiestal structure. Which of the following properties are not shown by the fiestal structure?

A. The input text is divided into two parts: one being left half and another one being right half.

B. Swapping of the left and right halves are performed after each round.

C. The plain text is converted into a matrix form first

D. None of the above

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4

How many elements are used in cryptography tools?

A. 1

B. 4

C. 6

D. 3