_____clause is an additional filter that is applied to the result.
Select
Order by
Group-by
Having
- As per equivalence rules for query transformation, selection operation distributes over
- Which normal form is considered adequate for normal relational database design?
- A transaction is in state after the final statement has been executed.
- If an entity can belong to only one lower level entity then the constraint is
- Which of the following aggregate functions does not ignore nulls in its results?.
- Which of the following constitutes a basic set of operations for manipulating relational data?
- Which two files are used during operation of the DBMS?
- The relational model is based on the concept that data is organized and stored in two-dimensional tables…
- Shadow paging has
- _____ command can be used to modify a column in a table
- The clause in SQL that specifies that the query result should be sorted in ascending or descending order…
- The data in the database at a particular moment of time is called the _______
- Between DRAM and magnetic disk storage another form of memory, called ______ memory is becoming common…
- Cascading rollback is avoided in all protocol except
- What is a disjoint less constraint?
- Isolation of the transactions is ensured by
- A DBMS is a ____ user if at most one user can use the system and is mostly restricted to personal computer…
- A top-to-bottom relationship among the items in a database is established by a
- The language that requires a user to specify the data to be retrieved without specifying exactly how…
- The rule that a value of a foreign key must appear as a value of some specific table is called a
- Which of the following is a reason to model data?
- Which of the following is not a characteristic of a relational database model?
- Data independence means
- DROP is a statement in SQL.
- Manager salary details are hidden from the employee .This is
- In multiple granularity of locks SIX lock is compatible with
- In an ER diagram the ___shape specifies the Attibute and a ____ shape specifies the primary key attribute.
- The drawback of shadow paging technique are
- Dependency preservation is not guaranteed in
- Which of the following concurrency control schemes is not based on the serializability property?