Steel rivets
Brass rivets
Aluminium screws
Steel screws
B. Brass rivets
Mixes fuel with air
Promotes combustion by creating a swirling movement in the air-fuel mixture
Returns blow by gases from the crankcase to the intake system
Feeds blow by gases to the exhaust manifold
Bursts into sharp edged fragments
Bursts into granular pieces
Sandwiched layer traps the fragments
Breaks into the form of crystals
Absorb the energy
Dissipate the energy
Release the energy
Increase the energy
Camber
Caster
Toe in
Toe out
Lubricates the cylinder wall by releasing oil from its hole
Keeps the cylinder wall lubricated by holding oil in its channel
Prevents engine oil from going into the combustion chamber and returns excess lubricating oil off the cylinder wall through the return holes in the piston to the oil pan
Maintains a seal and prevents escape of burned gases and oil leakage
90
100
110
120
Gross vehicle width
Gross vehicle weight
Gross vehicle wheel base
Gross vehicle wheel track
It is lighter and has good heat dissipation characteristics
Material cost is low
It does not require any cylinder liners
The piston is also made of aluminium alloy
Lead peroxide (PbO₂)
Spongy lead (Pb)
Lead sulphate (PbSO₄)
Sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄)
0.2 mm
0.5 mm
1 mm
1.5 mm
Spark ignition (S.I.) engines
Compression ignition (C.I.) engines
Steam engines
None of these
0.65
0.75
0.85
0.95
Tie rod
Sector gear
Pivot
Spline
36.5 MJ/kg
38.5 MJ/kg
42.5 MJ/kg
45.5 MJ/kg
Balance the timing in the movement of the two groups of pistons
Increase inertia force of the rotating crankshaft
Reduce vibrations caused by the crankshaft rotation
Adjusts the timing of the intake and exhaust valve openings
Increases
Decreases
Remains the same
None of these
Screw pitch gauge
Engineering scale
Feeler gauge
Vernier caliper
Delivers improved cornering on dry road surfaces
Eliminates the need of snow tyres, tyre chains, etc.
Ensures effective transmission of engine torque to all four wheels, even on slippery road surfaces
Ensures that effective braking can be performed, even on slippery surfaces
Diesel engine compresses air alone instead of an air-fuel mixture
Air temperature ignites the fuel in the Diesel engine
Fuel is sprayed into the combustion chamber in the Diesel engine as the piston nears T.D.C. on the compression stroke
All of the above
To turn the flywheel
To drive the drive plate
To drive the fuel pump
To transmit motion of the piston to the crankshaft
500 rpm
1000 rpm
2000 rpm
4000 rpm
Eliminates gear clutches
Eliminates the gear shaft lever
Reduces the number of automatic transmission components
Reduces shift shock and achieves more efficient transmission of engine torque
0.75
0.85
0.95
1.25
Pistons
Rocker arms
Camshaft pulley
Valve stems
Supply electric power
Converts mechanical energy into electrical energy
Continually recharges the battery
Partly converts engine power into electric power
Equal to the maximum engine torque
80 % of the maximum engine torque
150 % of the maximum engine torque
None of these
Mix the fuel and air
Ignite the air-fuel mixture
Provide flame front for ignition
Spray atomized fuel in the cylinder
Engine drive shafts, clutch, main shaft, counter shaft, final driven gear, wheels
Engine clutch, main shaft, counter shaft, final driven gear, drive shafts, wheels
Engine clutch, counter shaft, main shaft, final driven gear, drive shafts, wheels
Engine main shaft, counter shaft, clutch, final driven gear, drive shafts, wheels
Dilution of fuel in the crankcase
Dilution of oil by water in the crankcase
Dilution of lubrication oil by fuel in the crankcase
Dilution of mixture passing through crankcase in two stroke engines
Camber and castor
Castor and S.A.I.
Camber and S.A.I.
Camber and toe in