Biased
Binding
Not binding
Conditional
B. Binding
Monopolistic competition
Imperfect competition
Monopoly
Perfect competition
Is always equal to the substitution effect
Completely offsets the substitution effect
Partially offsets the substitution effect
Reinforces the substitution effect
Can be added
Can be subtracted
Can be multiplied
Can be divided
Cournot model
Edgeworth model
Chamberline model
Sweezy model
P=AR and P>MR
P=MC and MC=AC
None of the above
Aggregates of the economy
Few units of the economy
Large units of the economy
Individual units of the economy
Increased
Equalized
Prominent
Zero
Firms and industry price
Monopoly and duopoly price
Competitive and monopoly price
None of the above
Normal profits
Implicit costs
Variable costs
Opportunity costs
Not change
Also change
Increase
Decrease
Price falls
Price increases
Price is unchanged
Taste changed
S.Kuznets
H.Liebenstein
A.O.Hirshman
Alfred Marshal
Decreases
Increases
Remains constant
Zero
Demand curve for sugar will shift downward (leftward)
Supply curve for sugar will shift leftward (upward)
Demand curve for bread will shift downward (leftward)
None of the above
Every consumer
Most consumers
All consumers
Some consumers and not for others
None of the above
Perfect competition
Imperfect competition
Price discrimination
Duopoly and oligopoly
Maximum
Minimum
Infinite
Not measureable
Different
Same
Zero
None of the above
A straight line curve
A downward sloping demand curve
A rectangular hyperbola demand curve
None of the above
Same cost conditions
Different cost conditions
Same price conditions
Same products conditions
Output is effected
Equilibrium is effected
Input is effected
Reputation is effected
The substitution effect is more certain
The income effect is more certain
The substitution effect is uncertain
The income effect is always positive
Will mainly paid by sellers of the product
By mainly paid by cigarette smokers
Be mainly paid by tobacco growers
None of the above
Alfred Marshal
Adam Smith
Karl Marx
George Stigler
Equal to one
Greater than one
Smaller than one
Zero
S.Chakravarty
J.S.Mill
A.C.Pigou
F.W.Taussig
Monopoly
Oligopoly
Duopoly
None of the above
Equating price and marginal revenue
Equating price and average total cost
Increasing marginal cost and lowering fixed costs
Equating marginal cost and marginal revenue
Iso-utility curve
Production possibility line
Isoquant
Consumption possibility line