d. hypertension
. Metastatic tumors to the kidney are common from all of the following organs, EXCEPT:
lungs
thyroid
breasts
Correct Answer :
B. lungs
common organs send tumor secondaries are: lungs, breasts, gastrointestinal tract, melanoma, or hematologic.
Related Questions
The etiology of renal cysts includes all of the following, EXCEPT:
autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)
developmental cystic renal disease
inherited cystic renal disease
systemic disease with associated renal cysts
What is the most powerful single predictor of oncologic outcomes in RCC cases?
margin status and grade
tumor size
tumor stage
the time interval between the tumor emergence and excision
What type of Bosniak renal cysts accompanies tumor masses in 5% of cases?
I
II
III
IV
d. melanoma
. The second most common RCC subtype is:
collecting duct b. clear cell
papillary
chromophobe
After radical nephrectomy, what is the 5-year survival rate for stage I RCC?
80%
85%
90%
95%
Which of the following factors is associated with increased survival in patients with metastatic kidney tumors?
physically active patients with good performance status
extirpation of the primary tumor
long disease-free interval between initial nephrectomy and the emergence of secondaries
all of the above
Which of the following conditions carries the best prognosis?
acquired cystic renal disease
juvenile nephronophthisis
medullary sponge kidney
bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney
What is the proper terminology of a renal cyst with the following characteristics: well-marginated, anechoic, with thin visible back wall, positive posterior acoustic enhancement, no septations, and no calcifications?
hyperattenuating renal cyst
solitary renal cyst
uncomplicated renal cyst
focal renal cyst
In renal mass(es), the main indication to take a renal biopsy is the suspicion of:
papillary RCC
renal metastases
renal oncocytoma
renal xanthogranuloma
What type of renal adenomas is a precursor to papillary RCC?
adenoma with clear cell
papillary adenoma
metanephric adenoma
none of the above
What is the likelihood that simple renal cysts increase in size and number over time?
never
unlikely
likely
always
d. 19 - 26%
. What is false regarding radical nephrectomy operation?
nodal involvement doesn`t influence prognosis
renal artery should be ligated before the vein to avoid kidney ballooning
cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest is performed in patients with supra-diaphragmatic tumor thrombi
Routine metastatic evaluation in RCC cases should include all of the following, EXCEPT:
abdominal CT
chest X-ray
renal function test
liver function test
Which of the following conditions carries the worst prognosis?
acquired cystic renal disease
juvenile nephronophthisis
medullary sponge kidney
bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney
According to Fuhrmans classification system for nuclear grading in RCC, nuclear size of 20 μg with irregular outline and prominent nucleoli is grade:
1
2
3
4
What is false concerning end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?
ARPKD accounts for 5% of ESRD in children
more than one-half of patients with ARPKD require kidney transplant before age 20 years
ADPKD is a common cause of ESRD
uncommonly, juvenile nephronophthisis causes ESRD in children
What is true regarding cancer incidence in renal cystic diseases?
is > 90% in Bosniak type IV renal cysts
in patients receiving renal transplants for polycystic kidney disease is 48% higher than that expected in the general population
all of the above
simple renal cysts might turn malignant in < 4% of cases
On ultrasonography, what are the percentages of incidentally discovered renal masses that will later be malignant on further workup?
70 - 85%
55 - 70%
40 - 55%
25 - 40%
d. prior to kidney transplant
. What is an indication for radical nephrectomy?
a 6-cm, polar tumor
bilateral RCC
locally advanced RCC
What is false concerning renal malignancy?
RCC occurs in < 5% of patients with tuberous sclerosis
in glomerulocystic kidney disease, renal tumors are typically solitary, large, with central necrosis
in Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, renal tumors are frequently bilateral and multicentric
in acquired cystic disease, tumors are commonly bilateral, and metastatic in 15% of cases
In RCC cases where IVC involvement with tumor thrombi are suspected, venacavography:
is the first and most reliable radiologic examination to study IVC thrombi
is reserved for patients with equivocal MRI or CT findings
is obsolete and has fallen out of use
carries a risk of IVC terrible bleeding that outweighs the diagnostic merits
What is false concerning ADPKD patients?
hepatic cysts are the most common extra-renal manifestation
might experience cyst hemorrhage, renal infection, or nephrolithiasis
typically, complain of flank pain or intermittent hematuria in the early twenties
hypertension and CRF commonly occur in the fifth decade of life
What is true regarding ADPKD patients?
progress to ESRD in the sixth decade of life
hypertension is seen in 80% of patients with ADPKD aged 20-34 years
aortic valve stenosis in 25%
manifestations are more significant in patients with the PKD2 genotype
d. none of the above
. What is NOT an indication for simple nephrectomy?
symptomatic chronic renal infection with poor function
some cases of renovascular hypertension
symptomatic calculus disease with poor renal function
Which RCC subtype is most likely to benefit from targeted molecular therapy?
clear cell
chromophobe
papillary
renal medullary
The likelihood of malignancy in category IIF (indeterminate) renal cysts is:
20%
30%
40%
50%
On histological examination of a resected renal tumor, the presence of multiple mitochondria observed on electron microscopy is diagnostic for:
renal oncocytoma
multiloculated cystic nephromas
metanephric adenoma
adenoma with clear cell
d. neurosarcoma
. What is false concerning targeted molecular therapy?
is a personalized medical therapy devised to meet each persons individual needs for cancer`s specifications
treats cancer by interrupting unique molecular abnormalities that drive cancer growth
some cancer types have different molecular targets
What is the likelihood that Bosniak type III renal cysts accompany malignant masses?
never
unlikely
likely
always
What is (are) the risk factor(s) for developing simple renal cysts?
male gender
hypertension
renal insufficiency
all of the above