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d. neurosarcoma

A. . What is false concerning targeted molecular therapy?

B. is a personalized medical therapy devised to meet each persons individual needs for cancer`s specifications

C. treats cancer by interrupting unique molecular abnormalities that drive cancer growth

D. some cancer types have different molecular targets

Correct Answer :

D. some cancer types have different molecular targets


all of the indicated statements are true. None is false.

Related Questions

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What is the proper terminology of a renal cyst with the following characteristics: well-marginated, anechoic, with thin visible back wall, positive posterior acoustic enhancement, no septations, and no calcifications?

A. hyperattenuating renal cyst

B. solitary renal cyst

C. uncomplicated renal cyst

D. focal renal cyst

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After radical nephrectomy for organ-confined RCC, what is (are) the recommended surveillance radiologic examination(s)?

A. chest X-ray and abdominal ultrasonography every 3 months for the first year, and then annually for 3 years

B. annual chest X-ray for 3 years

C. abdominal and chest CT every 6 months for the first year, and then annually for 3 years

D. no radiological examination required

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Inherited renal cystic disease(s) include(s) the following:

A. glomerulocystic kidney disease (GCKD)

B. Juvenile nephronophthisis (JNPHP)

C. medullary cystic kidney disease

D. all of the above

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What is true regarding renal angiomyolipoma (AML)?

A. most classic AMLs eventually undergo malignant transformation to sarcomatoid and epithelioid AML

B. the preferred treatment is nephroureterectomy followed by active surveillance

C. angiographic embolization and/or nephron-sparing surgery is advised for symptomatic AMLs greater than 4 cm

D. extra-renal sites include the pancreas, salivary glands, and thyroids

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The etiology of renal cysts includes all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)

B. developmental cystic renal disease

C. inherited cystic renal disease

D. systemic disease with associated renal cysts

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Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for RCC?

A. type II DM, especially in males

B. hypertension

C. obesity, especially in females

D. cigarette smoking

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On histological examination of a resected renal tumor, positive staining for human melanoma black (HMB)-45 is a distinctive and diagnostic feature for:

A. multiloculated cystic nephromas

B. angiomyolipoma

C. metanephric adenoma

D. adenoma with clear cell

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What type of Bosniak renal cysts accompanies tumor masses in 5% of cases?

A. I

B. II

C. III

D. IV

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Regarding simple renal cysts, fluid attenuation on non-contrast CT series is:

A. < - 10 HU

B. < - 20 HU

C. < 10 HU

D. < 20 HU

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d. hypertension

A. . Metastatic tumors to the kidney are common from all of the following organs, EXCEPT:

B. lungs

C. thyroid

D. breasts

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According to Fuhrmans classification system for nuclear grading in RCC, nuclear size of 20 μg with irregular outline and prominent nucleoli is grade:

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

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What is the likelihood that simple renal cysts increase in size and number over time?

A. never

B. unlikely

C. likely

D. always

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Which of the following renal tumors carries the best prognosis?

A. fibrosarcoma

B. leiomyosarcoma

C. carcinoid

D. adult Wilm`s tumor

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Which of the following conditions carries the worst prognosis?

A. acquired cystic renal disease

B. juvenile nephronophthisis

C. medullary sponge kidney

D. bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney

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d. none of the above

A. . What is NOT an indication for simple nephrectomy?

B. symptomatic chronic renal infection with poor function

C. some cases of renovascular hypertension

D. symptomatic calculus disease with poor renal function

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After radical nephrectomy, what is the 5-year survival rate for stage I RCC?

A. 80%

B. 85%

C. 90%

D. 95%

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What is (are) the risk factor(s) for developing simple renal cysts?

A. male gender

B. hypertension

C. renal insufficiency

D. all of the above

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d. neurosarcoma

A. . What is false concerning targeted molecular therapy?

B. is a personalized medical therapy devised to meet each persons individual needs for cancer`s specifications

C. treats cancer by interrupting unique molecular abnormalities that drive cancer growth

D. some cancer types have different molecular targets

What is the correct answer?

4

In RCC cases where IVC involvement with tumor thrombi are suspected, venacavography:

A. is the first and most reliable radiologic examination to study IVC thrombi

B. is reserved for patients with equivocal MRI or CT findings

C. is obsolete and has fallen out of use

D. carries a risk of IVC terrible bleeding that outweighs the diagnostic merits

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What is the most powerful single predictor of oncologic outcomes in RCC cases?

A. margin status and grade

B. tumor size

C. tumor stage

D. the time interval between the tumor emergence and excision

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d. unilateral RCC with a functioning opposite kidney, but at risk for future impairment

A. . What is the relapse rate for completely resected RCC after radical nephrectomy?

B. 1- 10%

C. 10 - 20%

D. 20 - 30%

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On ultrasonography, what are the percentages of incidentally discovered renal masses that will later be malignant on further workup?

A. 70 - 85%

B. 55 - 70%

C. 40 - 55%

D. 25 - 40%

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Routine metastatic evaluation in RCC cases should include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. abdominal CT

B. chest X-ray

C. renal function test

D. liver function test

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d. 19 - 26%

A. . What is false regarding radical nephrectomy operation?

B. nodal involvement doesn`t influence prognosis

C. renal artery should be ligated before the vein to avoid kidney ballooning

D. cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest is performed in patients with supra-diaphragmatic tumor thrombi

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4

CT shows a renal mass with calcifications associated with fat. What could the lesion be?

A. RCC

B. AML

C. teratoma

D. any of the above

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What is false concerning ADPKD patients?

A. hepatic cysts are the most common extra-renal manifestation

B. might experience cyst hemorrhage, renal infection, or nephrolithiasis

C. typically, complain of flank pain or intermittent hematuria in the early twenties

D. hypertension and CRF commonly occur in the fifth decade of life

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In renal mass(es), the main indication to take a renal biopsy is the suspicion of:

A. papillary RCC

B. renal metastases

C. renal oncocytoma

D. renal xanthogranuloma

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What is false regarding multiloculated cystic nephromas?

A. they follow a benign clinical course

B. they have a bimodal age distribution

C. they are more common in men than in women

D. none of the above

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d. 30 - 40%

A. . What is false concerning imaging studies for preoperative evaluation of RCC case?

B. in case of bone pain or elevated serum calcium and/or alkaline phosphatase levels, an isotopic bone scan is required

C. renal arteriography accurately localizes central scaring and tumor necrosis

D. trans-esophageal echocardiography helps assess vena caval and right atrial tumor thrombi

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What is false concerning renal angiomyolipoma (AML)?

A. most lesions ≤ 4 cm are asymptomatic

B. renal masses with fat content is pathognomonic for AML

C. renal biopsy from AML carries a high risk of hemorrhage

D. may coexist with malignant lesions, such as sarcomas and RCCs