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d. prior to kidney transplant

A. . What is an indication for radical nephrectomy?

B. a 6-cm, polar tumor

C. bilateral RCC

D. locally advanced RCC

Correct Answer :

C. bilateral RCC


a,b,d cases should undergo nephron-sparing surgery or partial nephrectomy.

Related Questions

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What is false concerning renal cancers?

A. papillary subtype of RCC has a tendency to multifocality

B. chromosome 13 alterations are common in the development of clear cell renal carcinoma

C. a solid mass on CT that enhances more than 15 HU is suggestive of RCC

D. bilateral involvement in RCC either synchronously or metachronously occurs in 2% to 4% of patients

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Fuhrmans grading system for renal cell carcinoma relies on:

A. nuclear size, outline, and nucleoli

B. cohesiveness and the degree of cellular atypia

C. chromatin structure and content of the interphase nucleus

D. multinucleation and mitosis

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d. none of the above

A. . What is NOT an indication for simple nephrectomy?

B. symptomatic chronic renal infection with poor function

C. some cases of renovascular hypertension

D. symptomatic calculus disease with poor renal function

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d. 30 - 40%

A. . What is false concerning imaging studies for preoperative evaluation of RCC case?

B. in case of bone pain or elevated serum calcium and/or alkaline phosphatase levels, an isotopic bone scan is required

C. renal arteriography accurately localizes central scaring and tumor necrosis

D. trans-esophageal echocardiography helps assess vena caval and right atrial tumor thrombi

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4

Inherited renal cystic disease(s) include(s) the following:

A. glomerulocystic kidney disease (GCKD)

B. Juvenile nephronophthisis (JNPHP)

C. medullary cystic kidney disease

D. all of the above

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d. hypertension

A. . Metastatic tumors to the kidney are common from all of the following organs, EXCEPT:

B. lungs

C. thyroid

D. breasts

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What is (are) the risk factor(s) for developing simple renal cysts?

A. male gender

B. hypertension

C. renal insufficiency

D. all of the above

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The diagnosis of renal adenoma is commonly made:

A. at autopsy

B. by staining positive for human melanoma black (HMB)-45

C. by fine-needle aspiration cytology

D. by exclusion

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After radical nephrectomy, what is the 5-year survival rate for stage I RCC?

A. 80%

B. 85%

C. 90%

D. 95%

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d. unilateral RCC with a functioning opposite kidney, but at risk for future impairment

A. . What is the relapse rate for completely resected RCC after radical nephrectomy?

B. 1- 10%

C. 10 - 20%

D. 20 - 30%

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Which RCC subtype is most likely to benefit from targeted molecular therapy?

A. clear cell

B. chromophobe

C. papillary

D. renal medullary

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d. 19 - 26%

A. . What is false regarding radical nephrectomy operation?

B. nodal involvement doesn`t influence prognosis

C. renal artery should be ligated before the vein to avoid kidney ballooning

D. cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest is performed in patients with supra-diaphragmatic tumor thrombi

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What is false concerning renal oncocytoma?

A. the central scar on CT or MRI, and the spoke-wheel pattern of vessels on angiograms are not specific to oncocytoma

B. calcification, necrosis, and hemorrhage are rare in oncocytomas

C. it is thought to arise from the basement membrane of proximal convoluted tubules

D. treatment is partial nephrectomy or tumor excision

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Which of the following renal tumors carries the best prognosis?

A. fibrosarcoma

B. leiomyosarcoma

C. carcinoid

D. adult Wilm`s tumor

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After radical nephrectomy for organ-confined RCC, what is (are) the recommended surveillance radiologic examination(s)?

A. chest X-ray and abdominal ultrasonography every 3 months for the first year, and then annually for 3 years

B. annual chest X-ray for 3 years

C. abdominal and chest CT every 6 months for the first year, and then annually for 3 years

D. no radiological examination required

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What type of Bosniak renal cysts accompanies tumor masses in 5% of cases?

A. I

B. II

C. III

D. IV

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On histological examination of a resected renal tumor, positive staining for human melanoma black (HMB)-45 is a distinctive and diagnostic feature for:

A. multiloculated cystic nephromas

B. angiomyolipoma

C. metanephric adenoma

D. adenoma with clear cell

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On histological examination of a resected renal tumor, the presence of multiple mitochondria observed on electron microscopy is diagnostic for:

A. renal oncocytoma

B. multiloculated cystic nephromas

C. metanephric adenoma

D. adenoma with clear cell

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What is true regarding renal angiomyolipoma (AML)?

A. most classic AMLs eventually undergo malignant transformation to sarcomatoid and epithelioid AML

B. the preferred treatment is nephroureterectomy followed by active surveillance

C. angiographic embolization and/or nephron-sparing surgery is advised for symptomatic AMLs greater than 4 cm

D. extra-renal sites include the pancreas, salivary glands, and thyroids

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What is the likelihood that Bosniak type III renal cysts accompany malignant masses?

A. never

B. unlikely

C. likely

D. always

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Regarding simple renal cysts, fluid attenuation on non-contrast CT series is:

A. < - 10 HU

B. < - 20 HU

C. < 10 HU

D. < 20 HU

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What is the proper terminology of a renal cyst with the following characteristics: well-marginated, anechoic, with thin visible back wall, positive posterior acoustic enhancement, no septations, and no calcifications?

A. hyperattenuating renal cyst

B. solitary renal cyst

C. uncomplicated renal cyst

D. focal renal cyst

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What does determine the renal function status after partial nephrectomy of a single kidney?

A. the quality of the kidney and renal function prior to surgery

B. the quantity of vascularized parenchymal mass preserved after excision

C. the tumor

D. warm ischemia time

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What is false concerning renal malignancy?

A. RCC occurs in < 5% of patients with tuberous sclerosis

B. in glomerulocystic kidney disease, renal tumors are typically solitary, large, with central necrosis

C. in Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, renal tumors are frequently bilateral and multicentric

D. in acquired cystic disease, tumors are commonly bilateral, and metastatic in 15% of cases

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Which of the following conditions carries the worst prognosis?

A. acquired cystic renal disease

B. juvenile nephronophthisis

C. medullary sponge kidney

D. bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney

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d. CT can detect renal vein involvement in 82-95% of cases and vena caval involvement in 95-100% of cases

A. . In RCC, ipsilateral adrenal metastasis occurs in:

B. 0.3 - 2%

C. 2 - 10%

D. 11 - 18%

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What is false concerning renal angiomyolipoma (AML)?

A. most lesions ≤ 4 cm are asymptomatic

B. renal masses with fat content is pathognomonic for AML

C. renal biopsy from AML carries a high risk of hemorrhage

D. may coexist with malignant lesions, such as sarcomas and RCCs

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CT shows a renal mass with calcifications associated with fat. What could the lesion be?

A. RCC

B. AML

C. teratoma

D. any of the above

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What is the likelihood that simple renal cysts increase in size and number over time?

A. never

B. unlikely

C. likely

D. always

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What is the most powerful single predictor of oncologic outcomes in RCC cases?

A. margin status and grade

B. tumor size

C. tumor stage

D. the time interval between the tumor emergence and excision