Centrifugal
Axial flow
Reciprocating
Mixed flow
B. Axial flow
Rotational flow
Radial
Forced spiral vortex flow
Spiral vortex flow
0 to 4.5
10 to 100
80 to 200
250 to 300
Centrifugal pump
Axial flow pump
Mixed flow pump
Reciprocating pump
Suction pipe is short and pump is running at low speeds
Delivery pipe is long and pump is running at high speeds
Suction pipe is short and delivery pipe is long and the pump is running at low speeds
Suction pipe is long and delivery pipe is short and the pump is running at high speeds
P/ √H
P/ H
P/ H3/2
P/ H²
39.2 %
48.8 %
84.8 %
88.4 %
Kept fully closed
Kept fully open
Irrespective of any position
Kept 50% open
Low head of water
High head of water
Medium head of water
High discharge
N/√H
N/H
N/H3/2
N/H²
Strain
Pressure
Kinetic
None of these
Geometric similarity
Kinematic similarity
Dynamic similarity
None of these
(W/p) × (A/a)
(p/W) × (a/A)
(W/p) × (a/A)
(p/W) × (A/a)
Ratio of diameters
Square of ratio of diameters
Inverse ratio of diameters
Square of inverse ratio of diameters
Horizontal
Nearly horizontal
Steep
First rise and then fall
2 to 4
4 to 8
8 to 16
16 to 24
Radially, axially
Axially, radially
Axially, axially
Radially, radially
39.2 %
49.2 %
68.8 %
84.8 %
Full load speed
The speed at which turbine runner will be damaged
The speed if the turbine runner is allowed to revolve freely without load and with the wicket gates wide open
The speed corresponding to maximum overload permissible
1/√2
1/2
1
√2
Directly proportional to H1/2
Inversely proportional to H1/2
Directly proportional to H3/2
Inversely proportional to H3/2
Pelton wheel with one nozzle
Pelton wheel with two or more nozzles
Kaplan turbine
Francis turbine
Centrifugal pump
Reciprocating pump
Jet pump
Air lift pump
Proportional to diameter of impeller
Proportional to speed of impeller
Proportional to diameter and speed of impeller
None of the above
The wheel runs entirely by the weight of water
The wheel runs entirely by the impulse of water
The wheel runs partly by the weight of water and partly by the impulse of water
None of the above
Casing
Delivery pipe
Suction pipe
Impeller
(1 + cos φ)/2
(1 - cos φ)/2
(1 + sin φ)/2
(1 - sin φ)/2
Directly proportional to H1/2
Inversely proportional to H1/2
Directly proportional to H3/2
Inversely proportional to H3/2
Impulse turbines
Reaction turbines
Axial flow turbines
Mixed flow turbines
Directly as fan speed
Square of fan speed
Cube of fan speed
Square root of fan speed
Centrifugal pump
Mixed flow pump
Axial flow pump
Any one of the above