20 %
25 %
30 %
35 %
B. 25 %
Dead load only
Dead load + live load
Dead load + fraction of live load
Live load + fraction of dead load
0.03 %
0.1 %
0.3 %
3 %
M 100
M 150
M 250
M 400
150 × 150 × 500 mm
100 × 100 × 700 mm
150 × 150 × 700 mm
100 × 100 × 500 mm
Long line method
Freyssinet system
Magnel-Blaton system
Lee-Macall system
3
4
5
7
3.0 m and 1.5 m
1.5 m and 3.0 m
3.0 m and 3.0 m
1.5 m and 1.5 m
Water
Cement
Aggregate
None of these
0.207 l
0.25 l
0.293 l
0.333 l
0.33
0.5
0.75
1.0
Higher initial setting time but lower final setting time
Lower initial setting time but higher final setting time
Higher initial and final setting times
Lower initial and final setting times
Reduction in permeability
Loss of heat of hydration
Reduction in bleeding
All the above
Aggregates should be hard and durable
Water should be free from organic materials
Cement should be sufficient to produce the required strength
All the above
10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm
10 cm, 30 cm, 20 cm
20 cm, 10 cm, 30 cm
20 cm, 30 cm, 10 cm
0.15% to 2%
0.8% to 4%
0.8% to 6%
0.8% to 8%
Smooth
Granular
Glassy
Honey combed and porous
70 litres of sand and 120 litres of aggregates
70 kg of sand and 140 litres of aggregates
105 litres of sand and 140 litres of aggregates
105 litres of sand and 210 litres of aggregates
Rounded aggregate
Irregular aggregate
Angular aggregate
Flaky aggregates
According to the petrological characteristics, concrete aggregates are classified as heavy weight, normal weight and light weight
According to the shape of the particles, concrete aggregates are classified as rounded irregular, angular and flaky
According to the surface texture of the particles, the concrete aggregates are classified as glassy, smooth, granular, rough, crystalline, honey combed and porous
All the above
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
Increases
Decreases
Fluctuates
Remains constant
Hydrates rapidly
Generates less heat of hydration
Hardens rapidly
Provides less ultimate strength to cement
Smaller creep and shrinkage
Greater density and smaller permeability
Improved frost resistance
All the above
Equal to the mean size
Twice the mean size
Thrice the mean size
Four times the mean size
50 mm
100 mm
150 mm
200 mm
6 mm
8 mm
12 mm
16 mm
2.75 mm
3.00 mm
3.75 mm
4.75 mm
2
4
6
8
Flexural tensile strength
Direct tensile strength
Compressive strength
Split tensile strength
Magnesium oxide
Iron oxide
Alumina
Lime