Long
Medium
Short
None of these
A. Long
(23/100) × Mass of excess carbon
(23/100) × Mass of excess oxygen
(100/23) × Mass of excess carbon
(100/23) × Mass of excess oxygen
Increases the internal energy of the gas and increases the temperature of the gas
Does some external work during expansion
Both (A) and (B)
None of these
Cd⁴/D3n
Cd⁴/2D3n
Cd⁴/4D3n
Cd⁴/8D3n
Vapour
Perfect gas
Air
Steam
Always in single shear
Always in double shear
Either in single shear or double shear
None of these
Hard coke
Soft coke
Pulverised coal
Bituminous coal
Equal to
Directly proportional to
Inversely proportional to
Independent of
0.287 J/kgK
2.87 J/kgK
28.7 J/kgK
287 J/kgK
W1 - 2 = 0
Q1 - 2 = 0
dU = 0
All of these
Zero
wl/4
wl/2
wl²/2
0.5 s.l.σt
s.l.σt
√2 s.l.σt
2.s.l.σt
Peat
Lignite
Bituminous coal
Anthracite coal
Resilience
Proof resilience
Modulus of resilience
Toughness
For a given compression ratio, both Otto and Diesel cycles have the same efficiency.
For a given compression ratio, Otto cycle is more efficient than Diesel cycle.
For a given compression ratio, Diesel cycle is more efficient than Otto cycle.
The efficiency of Otto or Diesel cycle has nothing to do with compression ratio.
Ends are firmly fixed
Column is supported on all sides throughout the length
Length is equal to radius of gyration
Length is twice the radius of gyration
Producer gas
Coal gas
Mond gas
Coke oven gas
(σx/2) + (1/2) × √(σx² + 4 τ²xy)
(σx/2) - (1/2) × √(σx² + 4 τ²xy)
(σx/2) + (1/2) × √(σx² - 4 τ²xy)
(1/2) × √(σx² + 4 τ²xy)
No stress
Shear stress
Tensile stress
Compressive stress
Plasticity
Elasticity
Ductility
Malleability
Equal to
Less than
More than
None of these
More than 50 %
25-50 %
10-25 %
Negligible
Carbon and hydrogen
Oxygen and hydrogen
Sulphur and oxygen
Sulphur and hydrogen
Same
More
Less
Unpredictable
Zero
Minimum
Maximum
Positive
Same
Twice
Four times
Eight times
(T1/T2) - 1
1 - (T1/T2)
1 - (T2/T1)
1 + (T2/T1)
Strains
Stress and strain
Shear stress and shear strain
Moduli and elasticity
Shear modulus
Section modulus
Polar modulus
None of these
Partial combustion of coal, coke, anthracite coal or charcoal in a mixed air steam blast
Carbonisation of bituminous coal
Passing steam over incandescent coke
Passing air and a large amount of steam over waste coal at about 650°C
Carnot cycle
Stirling cycle
Ericsson cycle
Joule cycle