Opens at top dead centre and closes at bottom dead centre
Opens at 20° before top dead centre and closes at 40° after bottom dead centre
Opens at 20° after top dead centre and closes at 20° before bottom dead centre
May open or close anywhere
B. Opens at 20° before top dead centre and closes at 40° after bottom dead centre
Otto cycle is more efficient than the Diesel
Diesel cycle is more efficient than Otto
Both Otto and Diesel cycles are, equally efficient
Compression ratio has nothing to do with efficiency
80°C
120°C
180°C
240°C
Exhaust valve opens at 35° before bottom dead centre and closes at 20° after top dead centre
Exhaust valve opens at bottom dead centre and closes at top dead centre
Exhaust valve opens just after bottom dead centre and closes just before top dead centre
May open and close anywhere
Plates
Pallets
Pins
All of these
180°
125°
235°
200°
1 : 1
5 : 1
10 : 1
15 : 1
Calorific value of oil
Low heat value of oil
High heat value of oil
Mean heat value of oil
1 m3
5 m3
56 m3
910 m3
More
Less
Same
More/less depending on capacity of engine
Equal to
Less than
Greater than
None of these
Half
Same
Double
Four times
Leaking piston rings
Use of thick head gasket
Clogged air inlet slots
All of the above
0.15 kg
0.2 kg
0.25 kg
0.3 kg
5-10 kg/cm²
20-25 kg/cm²
60-80 kg/cm²
90-130 kg/cm²
Napthene
Tetra ethyl lead
Amyl nitrate
Hexadecane
Larger
Slowed down
Smaller
Liquid
6 to 10
10 to 15
15 to 25
25 to 40
Opens at top dead centre and closes at bottom dead centre
Opens at 20° before top dead centre and closes at 40° after bottom dead centre
Opens at 20° after top dead centre and closes at 20° before bottom dead centre
May open or close anywhere
30 kW four-stroke petrol engine running at 1500 r.p.m.
30 kW two-stroke petrol engine running at 1500 r.p.m.
30 kW two-stroke diesel engine running at 750 r.p.m.
30 kW four-stroke diesel engine running at 750 r.p.m.
9 : 1
12 : 1
15 : 1
18 : 1
Opens at 30° before bottom dead centre and closes at 10° after top dead centre
Opens at 30° after bottom dead centre and closes at 10° before top dead centre
Opens at bottom dead centre and closes at top dead centre
May open and close anywhere
0.3 to 0.7 mm
0.2 to 0.8 mm
0.4 to 0.9 mm
0.6 to 1.0 mm
Increase linearly
Decrease linearly
Increase parabolically
Decrease parabolically
10 bar
100 bar
150 bar
500 bar
Single cylinder petrol engine
Four stroke engine
Single cylinder diesel engine
Multi cylinder engine
Diesel engines
Gas turbines
Petrol engines
Aircraft engines
Thermal efficiency of diesel engine is about 34%
Theoretically correct mixture of air and petrol is approximately 15:1
High speed compression engines operate on dual combustion cycle
S.I. engines are quality governed engines
130°
180°
230°
270°
Air used for combustion sent under pressure
Forced air for cooling cylinder
Burnt air containing products of combustion
Air used for forcing burnt gases out of engine's cylinder during the exhaust period
Scavenging
Turbulence
Supercharging
Pre-ignition