Half
Two times
Eight times
Sixteen times
D. Sixteen times
(4π/6)³ × (r/l)⁶
(4π/6) × (r/l)²
(4π/6)² × (r/l)³
(4π/6)² × (r/l)⁴
Made by cold pressing of aluminium oxide powder
Available in the form of tips
Brittle and have low bending strength
All of these
Milling
Shaping with rack cutter
Shaping with pinion cutter
Hobbing
Continuous chips
Discontinuous chips
Continuous chips with built up edge
Either (A) or (C)
Only hob rotates
Only gear blank rotates
Both hob and gear blank rotates
Neither hob nor gear blank rotates
Poor surface finish is obtained
There is sudden increase in cutting forces and power consumption
Overheating and fuming due to heat of friction starts
All of the above
Taper tap
Bottoming tap
Second tap
None of these
Geometric progression
Arithmetic progression
Harmonic progression
None of these
Surface finishing
Undercut gears
Cycloidal gears
Removing residual stresses from teeth roots
Counter-sinking
Counter-boring
Trepanning
Spot facing
Occurs at the middle
May not occur at the middle
Depends upon the material of the tool
Depends upon the geometry of the tool
The diamond is the hardest tool material and can run at cutting speeds about 50 times that of high speed steel tool.
The ceramic tools can be used at cutting speeds 40 times that of high speed steel tools.
The cemented carbide tools can be used at cutting speeds 10 times that of high speed steel tools.
The ceramic tools can withstand temperature upto 600°C only.
Feed marks or ridges left by the cutting tool
Fragment of built-up edge on the machined surface
Cutting tool vibrations
All of these
Feed the casting at a rate consistent with the rate of solidification.
Act as a reservoir for molten metal
Feed molten metal from the pouring basin to the gate
Help feed the casting until all solidification takes place
Shearing
Extrusion
Shearing and extrusion
Shearing and compression
A to H
I to P
Q to Z
A to P
0.2 mm
10 mm
20 mm
100 mm
Carbide, ceramic, cermet, borazon
Ceramic, carbide, borazon, cermet
Cermet, carbide, ceramic, borazon
Borazon, ceramic, carbide, cermet
Equal to
Twice
Thrice
One-half
Increasing the cutting speed
Decreasing the cutting speed
Increasing the depth of cut
Increasing the feed rate
Cold shut
Swell
Sand wash
Scab
High speed steel
Carbon steel
Wrought iron
All of these
Ceramic
Stellite
Diamond
Cemented carbide
Cross feed
Angular feed
Longitudinal feed
Any one of these
Cutting forces and power consumption
Tool life
Type of chips and shear angle
All of these
Electric arc welding
Submerged arc welding
MIG welding
TIG welding
Very high pouring temperature of the metal
Insufficient fluidity of the molten metal
Absorption of gases by the liquid metal
Improper alignment of the mould flasks
3.75 m/min
5 m/min
7.5 m/min
15 m/min
Equal to
Less than
More than
None of these
Direction of the tool axis
Direction of tool travel
Perpendicular to the direction of the tool axis
Central plane of the workpiece