In the ammonia synthesis reaction, N2 + 3H2 2NH3 + 22.4 kcal, the formation of NH3 will be favoured by
High temperature
Low pressure
Low temperature only
Both low temperature and high pressure
Correct Answer :
D. Both low temperature and high pressure
Related Questions
Variation of equilibrium pressure with temperature for any two phases of a given substances is given by the __________ equation.
Gibbs-Duhem
Maxwell's
Clapeyron
None of these
For a constant pressure reversible process, the enthalpy change (ΔH) of the system is
Cv.dT
Cp.dT
∫ Cp.dT
∫ Cv.dT
Gibbs-Duhem equation
States that n1dμ1 + n2dμ2 + ....njdμj = 0, for a system of definite composition at constant temperature and pressure
Applies only to binary systems
Finds no application in gas-liquid equilibria involved in distillation
None of these
Gibbs free energy (F) is defined as
F = E - TS
F = H - TS
F = H + TS
F = E + TS
Joule-Thomson Co-efficient at any point on the inversion curve is
∞
+ve
0
-ve
Entropy, which is a measure of the disorder of a system, is:
Independent of pressure
Independent of temperature
Zero at absolute zero temperature for a perfect crystalline substance
All (A), (B) & (C)
Gibbs free energy of a pure fluid approaches __________ as the pressure tends to zero at constant temperature.
Infinity
Minus infinity
Zero
None of these
Gases are cooled in Joule-Thomson expansion, when it is __________ inversion temperature.
Below
At
Above
Either 'b' or 'c'
Pick out the wrong statement.
System (of partially miscible liquid pairs), in which the mutual solubility increases with rise in temperature, are said to possess an upper consolute temperature
Systems, in which the mutual solubility increases with decrease in temperature, are said to possess lower consolute temperature
Nicotine-water system shows both an upper as well as a lower consolute temperature, implying that they are partially miscible between these two limiting temperatures
None of these
Which is a state function?
Specific volume
Work
Pressure
Temperature
Change of heat content when one mole of compound is burnt in oxygen at constant pressure is called the
Calorific value
Heat of reaction
Heat of combustion
Heat of formation
Pick out the wrong statement.
Surface tension of a substance vanishes at critical point, as there is no distinction between liquid and vapour phases at its critical point
Entropy of a system decreases with the evolution of heat
Change of internal energy is negative for exothermic reactions
The eccentric factor for all materials is always more than one
Those solutions in which there is no volume change upon mixing the components in the liquid state and which, when diluted do not undergo any heat change (i.e. heat of dilution is zero), are called __________ solutions.
Ideal
Real
Isotonic
None of these
Kopp's rule is used to calculate the heat capacity of
Solids
Liquids
Gases
All (A), (B) & (C)
For a cyclic process, a fixed ratio between heat and work
Always exists
May exist
Never exists
Is difficult to predict
To obtain integrated form of Clausius-Clapeyron equation, ln (P2/P1) = (ΔHV/R) (1/T1 - 1/T2) from the exact Clapeyron equation, it is assumed that the
Volume of the liquid phase is negligible compared to that of vapour phase
Vapour phase behaves as an ideal gas
Heat of vaporisation is independent of temperature
All (A), (B) & (C)
Entropy of the system decreases, when
Snow melts into water
A gas expands spontaneously from high pressure to low pressure
Water is converted into ice
Both (B) & (C)
The expression, ΔG = nRT. ln(P2/P1), gives the free energy change
With pressure changes at constant temperature
Under reversible isothermal volume change
During heating of an ideal gas
During cooling of an ideal gas
The entropy change in a reversible isothermal process, when an ideal gas expands to four times its initial volume is
R loge 4
R log10 4
Cv log10 4
Cv loge 4
Claude's liquefaction process employs the cooling of gases by
Expansion in an engine
Following a constant pressure cycle
Throttling
None of these
Pick out the wrong statement.
The net change in entropy in any reversible cycle is always zero
The entropy of the system as a whole in an irreversible process increases
The entropy of the universe tends to a maximum
The entropy of a substance does not remain constant during a reversible adiabatic change
For any system, what is the minimum number of degrees of freedom?
0
1
2
3
Refrigeration cycle
Violates second law of thermodynamics
Involves transfer of heat from low temperature to high temperature
Both (A) and (B)
Neither (A) nor (B)
Pick out the wrong statement.
A closed system does not permit exchange of mass with its surroundings but may permit exchange of energy.
An open system permits exchange of both mass and energy with its surroundings
The term microstate is used to characterise an individual, whereas macro-state is used to designate a group of micro-states with common characteristics
None of the above
All gases during throttling process at atmospheric temperature and pressure show a cooling effect except
CO2
H2
O2
N2
The expression, nCv(T2 - T1), is for the __________ of an ideal gas.
Work done under adiabatic condition
Co-efficient of thermal expansion
Compressibility
None of these
Which of the following is not an intensive property?
Volume
Density
Temperature
Pressure
Which of the following is an extensive property of a system?
Heat capacity
Molal heat capacity
Pressure
Concentration
Near their critical temperatures, all gases occupy volumes __________ that of the ideal gas.
Less than
Same as
More than
Half
Melting of ice exemplifies a/an
Adiabatic process
Endothermic reaction
Exothermic reaction
Process involving a chemical reaction