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4

Intravesical installation of BCG should NOT be given soon after bladder tumor resection (TURBT) because:

A. there will be no target tumor tissue to work on

B. post-op. hematuria interacts unfavorably with BCG composition

C. of the risk of systemic absorption and sepsis

D. of the high risk of BCG reflux to kidneys while bladder irrigation

Correct Answer :

C. of the risk of systemic absorption and sepsis


resected areas of bladder wall provide raw areas readily for BCG systemic absorption.

Related Questions

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4

What is the commonest type of tumor occurring in urethral diverticuli?

A. adenocarcinoma

B. transitional cell carcinoma

C. squamous cell carcinoma

D. basal cell carcinoma

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4

Which of the following cystoscopic descriptions of bladder tumors is false?

A. nodular or sessile lesions usually invade muscle

B. papillary bladder tumors are typical of low stage and grade

C. carcinoma in situ appears as a flat, velvety patch

D. sarcomas commonly invade bladder base and ureteral orifices causing obstructions

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4

What is the commonest type of primary urethral tumors?

A. adenocarcinoma

B. transitional cell carcinoma

C. squamous cell carcinoma

D. basal cell carcinoma

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4

While resecting a large bladder tumor located at the right lateral wall, the surgeon observes a bladder perforation, what should next step be?

A. continue the procedure as perforations at this site do no harm

B. abort the procedure and leave a urethral catheter

C. convert tumor removal to open method and repair the defect

D. perform abdominal exploration and manage accordingly

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4

Common benign urethral tumors include all of the following,
EXCEPT:

A. leiomyoma

B. hemangioma

C. fibroepithelial polyp

D. lymphangioma

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4

In women, what is the commonest type of cancers occurring in the proximal urethra?

A. adenocarcinoma

B. transitional cell carcinoma

C. squamous cell carcinoma

D. basal cell carcinoma

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4

Concerning upper tract urothelial tumors, what is the single most important predictor of outcome?

A. tumor stage

B. tumor grade

C. lymphovascular invasion

D. lymph node spread

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4

What percentage of bladder cancers is squamous cell type in origin?

A. 2%

B. 5%

C. 70%

D. 90%

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4

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing upper urinary tract tumors?

A. obesity

B. consuming artificial sweeteners

C. asbestosis

D. analgesic abuse

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4

Partial penectomy for urethral cancer is indicated in:

A. infiltrative proximal penile urethral carcinomas

B. infiltrative distal penile urethral carcinomas

C. recurrent proximal penile urethral carcinoma after laser resection

D. T3/N2/M0 at bulbar urethra

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4

Which of the following does NOT predispose to bladder cancer?

A. working with organic chemicals and dyes

B. abuse of pain-control medications especially phenacetin

C. exposure to arsenic and aromatic amines

D. schistosomiasis

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4

What is false concerning carcinoma-in-situ (CIS) of urinary tract?

A. frequently found in association with high-grade or extensive TCC

B. has a rate of progression to muscle invasion of 10-25%

C. significant areas of CIS are easily missed by routine cystoscopy

D. treatment begins with TURBT

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4

What is the likelihood that inverted papillomas of the upper urinary tract accompany tumors?

A. never

B. unlikely

C. likely

D. always

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4

While deeply resecting a large bladder tumor, the surgeon noted loss of bladder distension, what should next step be?

A. increase the irrigation fluid and pursue the procedure

B. abort the procedure and leave a urethral catheter

C. perform cystogram and manage accordingly

D. perform abdominal exploration and manage accordingly

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4

On diagnosing bladder cancers, what advantage does urine cytology has over tumor markers?

A. high specificity

B. high sensitivity

C. high reliability

D. strong validity

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4

What is the commonest type of tumors occurring in the female urethra?

A. adenocarcinoma

B. transitional cell carcinoma

C. squamous cell carcinoma

D. comparable

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4

What gene mutation is common in carcinoma-in-situ of urinary bladder?

A. RB

B. cyclin A

C. HRAS

D. CD-44

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4

The treatment of T2/Nx/M0 prostatic urethral cancer is:

A. en bloc resection involving total penectomy, cystoprostatectomy, resection of the pubic rami and urogenital diaphragm, with pelvic lymphadenectomy. In addition, creating a urinary diversion.

B. total penectomy involving removal of the penis, urethra, and penile root

C. partial penectomy involving excision of the malignant lesion with 2-cm margins

D. transurethral resection or fulguration

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4

What is NOT a contraindication to BCG treatment?

A. history of pulmonary TB

B. total incontinence

C. immunosuppression

D. impaired renal function

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4

During women`s life span, what percentage of women will develop keratinizing squamous metaplasia of the bladder?

A. 10%

B. 20%

C. 30%

D. 40%

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4

Partial cystectomy for bladder tumors can be performed when the following criterion(a) is(are) met:

A. the lesion is solitary and no associated CIS

B. physically, a surgical margin of 2-cm can be obtained

C. the resected area should be far enough from ureteral orifices and the bladder neck

D. all of the following

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4

Carcinoma-in-situ of the prostatic urethra mostly occurs at the:

A. mid prostate to the verumontanum at the 5 and 7 oclock positions

B. lateral margins of the prostate at the 10 and 2 oclock positions

C. entire area distal to the urethral crest

D. area between ejaculatory duct openings and prostatic utricle

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4

The most significant prognostic factors for survival in female urethral cancers are:

A. sensitivity to chemotherapy and age at presentation

B. anatomic location and extent of the tumor

C. histologic type of the tumor and sensitivity to radiotherapy

D. tumors stage and grade

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4

What is the most common sarcoma of the bladder?

A. leiomyosarcoma

B. rhabdosarcoma

C. carcinosarcoma

D. neurosarcoma

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4

Regarding ureteral cancers, what is the commonest part of tumor development?

A. upper ureter

B. middle ureter

C. lower ureter

D. comparable

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4

What is false regarding the symptomatology of urethral cancers?

A. obstructive LUTS are common presentations and occur in association with carcinoma in situ

B. might present as perineal abscesses and fistulae

C. could be asymptomatic

D. venereal diseases increase the risk of urethral cancers

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4

What is false regarding squamous metaplasia of the urinary bladder (non-keratinized) subtype?

A. only in females

B. associated with chronic irritation, polypoid cystitis, and cystitis glandularis

C. no risk for squamous cell carcinoma

D. treated with estrogen, if symptomatic

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4

Regarding bladder neoplasia, squamous metaplasia differs from squamous dysplasia as the latter is/has:

A. well-differentiated tumor with broad-based invasive font

B. marked atypia distributed on wide areas of superficial urothelium

C. atypia is present

D. no atypia but marked degenerative epithelial changes

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4

Once muscle invasion is detected in bladder cancers, what percentage of occult metastasis is expected?

A. 30%

B. 40%

C. 50%

D. 60%

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4

Bladder cancer patients who once failed BCG vaccine, should:

A. undergo cystectomy

B. try mitomycin c

C. take a second course of BCG

D. take a second course of BCG + quinolones