Isolation of the transactions is ensured by
Transaction management
Application programmer
Concurrency control
Recovery management
Correct Answer :
C. Concurrency control
Related Questions
The metadata is created by the
DML compiler
DML pre-processor
DDL interpreter
Query interpreter
The size of a data item is called its _______, which can be a field of some record or may be a larger unit such as a record.
Similarity
Granularity
Dimensionality
Arity
Which of the following relational algebraic operations is not from set theory?
Union
Intersection
Cartesian Product
Select
Which of the following is not a consequence of non-normalized database?
Update Anomaly
Insertion Anomaly
Redundancy
Lost update problem
E-R Modeling is achieved by using ____ diagrams
DFD
Flowcharts
Gantt Charts
E-R
If the closure of an attribute set is the entire relation then the attribute set is a
superkey
candidate key
primary key
not a key
As per equivalence rules for query transformation, selection operation distributes over
Union.
Set difference.
Intersection.
All of the above.
In multiple granularity of locks SIX lock is compatible with
IX
IS
S
SIX
The _______ is a set of programs to use and / or modify this data.
DBMS
System
Program
Software
The keyword to eliminate duplicate rows from the query result in SQL is
DISTINCT
NO DUPLICATE
UNIQUE
None of the above
Which of the following relational algebra operations do not require the participating tables to be union-compatible?
Union
Intersection
Difference
Join
The ______ key of a relation is the attribute (column) or collection of attributes, which uniquely identify a given tuple.
Primary
Foreign
Candidate
Alternate
Given the following relation S(SNO,SNAME,CITY) write a query to update the value of CITY to KANPUR for the supplier S1.
UPDATE S CITY = KANPUR WHERE SNO=S1
UPDATE S SET CITY = KANPUR FOR SNO=S1
UPDATE S SET CITY = KANPUR WHERE SNO=S1
UPDATE S RENAME CITY = KANPUR WHERE SNO=S1
Which of the following is not a logical database structure?
Chain
Network
Tree
Relational
The middleware databases in which the business rules act are applicable to _______ tier architectures
Single
Three
Two
None
______is a special type of integrity constraint that relates two relations & maintains consistency across the relations.
Domain Integrity Constraints
Referential Integrity Constraints
Domain Constraints
Entity Integrity Constraints
Key to represent relationship between tables is called
primary key
secondary key
foreign key
none of the above
If a transaction T has obtained an exclusive lock on item Q, then T can
read Q
write Q
both read and write Q
write Q but not read Q
Grant and revoke are _____ statements.
TCL
DCL
DDL
DML
The collection of information stored in a database at a particular moment is called as ......
schema
instance of the database
data domain
independence
DBMS helps achieve
Centralized control of data
Data independence
Both A and B
Neither A nor B
The full form of GUI is _________
Government Union Internet
Graphical Unit Interface
Graphical User Interface
Graphical University Interface
Which of the following is not a recovery technique?
Deferred update
Immediate update
Two-phase commit
Shadow paging
Which of the following aggregate functions does not ignore nulls in its results?.
COUNT .
COUNT (*)
MAX
MIN
The ______ indexes are forced to store only record IDs in the data structure and require at least one additional I/O Operation to retrieve the actual record.
Clustered
Hashed
Un-clustered
Collision
By ______ an area on disk in certain ways, one can make it represent a bit value of either zero (0) or one (1).
Vulcanizing
Galvanizing
Magnetizing
Passing UV rays
Assume transaction A holds a shared lock R. If transaction B also requests for a shared lock on R.
It will result in a deadlock situation.
It will immediately be rejected.
It will immediately be granted.
It will be granted as soon as it is released by A .
The fact that all employees of a particular organization should not have salaries more than $10000 is a _____ constraint.
Schema
Tuple
Domain
Relational
The _____ category includes storage media that can be operated on directly by the computers central processing unit.
Primary storage
Secondary Storage
All
Tertiary Storage
A ____ key specifies a uniqueness constraint that no two distinct tuples in any state r of relation R can have the same value for super key.
Sub
Parent
Candidate
Super