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4

On ultrasonography, what are the percentages of incidentally discovered renal masses that will later be malignant on further workup?

A. 70 - 85%

B. 55 - 70%

C. 40 - 55%

D. 25 - 40%

Correct Answer :

A. 70 - 85%


self-explanatory.

Related Questions

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4

What is true regarding ADPKD patients?

A. progress to ESRD in the sixth decade of life

B. hypertension is seen in 80% of patients with ADPKD aged 20-34 years

C. aortic valve stenosis in 25%

D. manifestations are more significant in patients with the PKD2 genotype

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4

The etiology of renal cysts includes all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)

B. developmental cystic renal disease

C. inherited cystic renal disease

D. systemic disease with associated renal cysts

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4

In renal mass(es), the main indication to take a renal biopsy is the suspicion of:

A. papillary RCC

B. renal metastases

C. renal oncocytoma

D. renal xanthogranuloma

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4

What is false concerning renal oncocytoma?

A. the central scar on CT or MRI, and the spoke-wheel pattern of vessels on angiograms are not specific to oncocytoma

B. calcification, necrosis, and hemorrhage are rare in oncocytomas

C. it is thought to arise from the basement membrane of proximal convoluted tubules

D. treatment is partial nephrectomy or tumor excision

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4

CT shows a renal mass with calcifications associated with fat. What could the lesion be?

A. RCC

B. AML

C. teratoma

D. any of the above

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4

The likelihood of malignancy in category IIF (indeterminate) renal cysts is:

A. 20%

B. 30%

C. 40%

D. 50%

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4

On ultrasonography, what are the percentages of incidentally discovered renal masses that will later be malignant on further workup?

A. 70 - 85%

B. 55 - 70%

C. 40 - 55%

D. 25 - 40%

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4

d. renal vein thrombi can be resected after incising the vein between 2 vascular clamps

A. . Manifestations of paraneoplastic syndrome associated with RCC include all of the following, EXCEPT:

B. anemia and erythrocytosis

C. hepatic dysfunction and elevated human chorionic gonadotropin levels

D. hypocalcemia

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4

Routine metastatic evaluation in RCC cases should include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. abdominal CT

B. chest X-ray

C. renal function test

D. liver function test

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4

Which of the following conditions carries the worst prognosis?

A. acquired cystic renal disease

B. juvenile nephronophthisis

C. medullary sponge kidney

D. bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney

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4

What does determine the renal function status after partial nephrectomy of a single kidney?

A. the quality of the kidney and renal function prior to surgery

B. the quantity of vascularized parenchymal mass preserved after excision

C. the tumor

D. warm ischemia time

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4

Which of the following renal tumors carries the best prognosis?

A. fibrosarcoma

B. leiomyosarcoma

C. carcinoid

D. adult Wilm`s tumor

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4

Fuhrmans grading system for renal cell carcinoma relies on:

A. nuclear size, outline, and nucleoli

B. cohesiveness and the degree of cellular atypia

C. chromatin structure and content of the interphase nucleus

D. multinucleation and mitosis

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4

d. all of the above

A. . What is the most common histologic subtype of renal sarcomas?

B. rhabdomyosarcoma

C. nephrosarcoma

D. leiomyosarcoma

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4

What is (are) true regarding the etiology of medullary cystic kidney disease (MCKD)?

A. mutations in the MCKD1 (chromosome 1q21) gene

B. mutations in the MCKD2 (chromosome 16q12) gene

C. inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion

D. all of the above

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4

What is false concerning ADPKD patients?

A. hepatic cysts are the most common extra-renal manifestation

B. might experience cyst hemorrhage, renal infection, or nephrolithiasis

C. typically, complain of flank pain or intermittent hematuria in the early twenties

D. hypertension and CRF commonly occur in the fifth decade of life

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4

d. neurosarcoma

A. . What is false concerning targeted molecular therapy?

B. is a personalized medical therapy devised to meet each persons individual needs for cancer`s specifications

C. treats cancer by interrupting unique molecular abnormalities that drive cancer growth

D. some cancer types have different molecular targets

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4

What is (are) the risk factor(s) for developing simple renal cysts?

A. male gender

B. hypertension

C. renal insufficiency

D. all of the above

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4

Antenatal sonography is the diagnostic tool for the following condition:

A. glomerulocystic kidney disease

B. developmental cystic renal disease

C. Juvenile nephronophthisis

D. medullary cystic kidney disease

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4

The diagnosis of renal adenoma is commonly made:

A. at autopsy

B. by staining positive for human melanoma black (HMB)-45

C. by fine-needle aspiration cytology

D. by exclusion

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4

What is the proper terminology of a renal cyst with the following characteristics: well-marginated, anechoic, with thin visible back wall, positive posterior acoustic enhancement, no septations, and no calcifications?

A. hyperattenuating renal cyst

B. solitary renal cyst

C. uncomplicated renal cyst

D. focal renal cyst

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4

What is the most powerful single predictor of oncologic outcomes in RCC cases?

A. margin status and grade

B. tumor size

C. tumor stage

D. the time interval between the tumor emergence and excision

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4

What is false regarding multiloculated cystic nephromas?

A. they follow a benign clinical course

B. they have a bimodal age distribution

C. they are more common in men than in women

D. none of the above

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4

What is false concerning renal malignancy?

A. RCC occurs in < 5% of patients with tuberous sclerosis

B. in glomerulocystic kidney disease, renal tumors are typically solitary, large, with central necrosis

C. in Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, renal tumors are frequently bilateral and multicentric

D. in acquired cystic disease, tumors are commonly bilateral, and metastatic in 15% of cases

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d. melanoma

A. . The second most common RCC subtype is:

B. collecting duct b. clear cell

C. papillary

D. chromophobe

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4

What is false concerning end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

A. ARPKD accounts for 5% of ESRD in children

B. more than one-half of patients with ARPKD require kidney transplant before age 20 years

C. ADPKD is a common cause of ESRD

D. uncommonly, juvenile nephronophthisis causes ESRD in children

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4

What is true regarding cancer incidence in renal cystic diseases?

A. is > 90% in Bosniak type IV renal cysts

B. in patients receiving renal transplants for polycystic kidney disease is 48% higher than that expected in the general population

C. all of the above

D. simple renal cysts might turn malignant in < 4% of cases

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4

In a localized RCC, local recurrence after tumor ablation therapy is managed by any of the following options, EXCEPT:

A. repeat ablation

B. active surveillance

C. salvage surgery

D. radical nephrectomy

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4

What is the likelihood that Bosniak type III renal cysts accompany malignant masses?

A. never

B. unlikely

C. likely

D. always

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4

What is false concerning metanephric adenoma?

A. radiographically, it is indistinguishable from RCC

B. has a female predominance

C. has a benign clinical course

D. has a peak incidence in the third decade of life