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4

Phylogenetic classification system is based on the

A. morphological characters of various organisms.

B. anatomical characters of various organisms.

C. physiological characters of various organisms.

D. evolutionary relationships between the various organisms.

Correct Answer :

D. evolutionary relationships between the various organisms.


Phylogenetic system of classification indicates the evolutionary as well as genetic relationships among organisms. It is based on fossil record, biochemical, anatomical, morphological, embryological, physiological, genetics, karyotype and other studies.

Related Questions

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4

Statement 1: Members of phaeophyceae vary in colour from olive green to various shades of brown.
Statement 2: Phaeophyceae possess chlorophyll a, c, carotenoids and xanthophylls.

A. Both statements -1 and statement - 2 are true and statement - 2 is the correct explanation of statement - 1.

B. Both statements -1 and statement - 2 are true but statement - 2 is not the correct explanation of statement - 1.

C. Statement -1 is true and statement - 2 is false.

D. Statement -1 is false and statement - 2 is true.

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4

Match the classes of pteridophytes given in column I with their examples given in column II and choose the correct option
Column -IColumn-II
(Classes of pteridophytes)(Examples)
A. PsilopsidaI. Selaginella
B. LycopsidaII. Psilotum
C. SphenopsidaIII. Dryopteris
D. PteropsidaIV. Equisetum

A. A II; B I; C IV; D III

B. A I; B II; C IV; D III

C. A II; B I; C III; D IV

D. A II; B IV; C I; D III

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4

Which of the following statements (i) - (v) are correct ?
(i) In Equisetum, the female gametophyte is retained on the parent sporophyte.
(ii) In Ginkgo, male gametophyte is not independent.
(iii) The sporophyte in Riccia is more developed than that in Polytrichum.
(iv) Sexual reproduction in Volvox is isogamous.

A. Two

B. Three

C. Four

D. One

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4

Select the correct match of the feature present in column I with its respective terms given in column II.
Column-IColumn-II
A. Presence of tap roots(i) Bryophyte and coralloid roots
B. The synergids and(ii) Pteridophytes antipodal cells degenerates after fertilization
C. The food is stored as(iii) Red algae floridean starch which is very similar to amylopectin and glycogen in structure
D. Presence of sporophyte(iv) Angiosperms which is not free living but attached to the photosynthetic gametophytes and derives nourishment from it
E. Members of this group(v) Gymnosperms are used for medicinal purposes, as soil binders and frequently grown as ornamentals

A. A-i B-ii C-iii D-iv E-v

B. A-iii B-v C-ii D-iv E-i

C. A-iii B-i C-v D-ii E-iv

D. A-v B-iv C-iii D-i E-ii

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4

Cycas and Adiantum resemble each other in having

A. seeds

B. motile sperms

C. cambium

D. vessels

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4

A student was given a sample to observe under the microscope. He observed and found that the sample is the most common type of spore involved in asexual reproduction in algae. Identify the spore.

A. Zoospore

B. Endospore

C. Hypnospore

D. None of the above

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4

In angiosperms, a mature male gametophyte is derived from a pollen mother cell by

A. three mitotic divisions.

B. one meiotic and two mitotic divisions.

C. two meiotic divisions.

D. a single meiotic division.

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4

Which one of the following statement concerning the algae is incorrect ?

A. Most algae are photosynthetic.

B. Algae can be classified according to their pigments.

C. All algae are filamentous.

D. Spirogyra does not produce zoospores.

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4

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about pteridophytes ?
(i) The main plant body is a sporophyte which is differentiated into true roots and leaves.
(ii) The leaves are small (microphylls) as in ferns or large (macrophylls) as in Selaginella.
(iii) Genera like Selaginella and Salvinia which produce two kinds of sporesmacro (large) and micro (small) spores, are known as heterospores.
(iv) Common examples are Funaria, Polytrichum and Sphagnum.

A. Both (i) and (ii)

B. Both (ii) and (iii)

C. Both (i) and (iii)

D. All of these

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4

Which of the following class of algae is rarely found in fresh water ?

A. Chlorophyceae

B. Phaeophyceae

C. Rhodophyceae

D. Both (a) and (b)

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4

Read the following statements and choose the correct option.
(i) In rhodophyceae, food is stored in the form of mannitol and laminarin.
(ii) The ovules of gymnosperms are not enclosed by ovary wall.
(iii) Salvinia is heterosporous.
(iv) In the diplontic life-cycle, the free living gametophyte represents the dominant phase.

A. (ii) and (iii) are correct but (i) and (iv) are incorrect.

B. (ii) and (iv) are correct but (i) and (iii) are incorrect.

C. (iii) and (iv) are correct but (i) and (ii) are incorrect.

D. (i) and (ii) are correct but (iii) and (iv) are incorrect.

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4

Bryophytes are different from fungi in having

A. land habit.

B. sterile jacket layers.

C. multiflagellate gametes.

D. gametophytic plant body.

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4

Match column-I with column-II and choose the correct option.
Column-IColumn-II
A. Amphibian of theI. Sphagnum plant kingdom
B. Specialized structuresII. Angiosperms in liverworts for asexual reproduction
C. Monocotyledons andIII. Bryophytes dicotyledons
D. A plant which hasIV. Gemmae capacity to holding water

A. A III; B IV; C I; D II

B. A III; B IV; C II; D I

C. A IV; B III; C II; D I

D. A III; B II; C IV; D I

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4

_______ represent the reproductive organs amongst gymnosperms.

A. Prothallus

B. Capsules

C. Setae

D. Cones

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4

Moss peat is used as a packing material for sending flowers and live plants to distant places because

A. it reduces transpiration.

B. it serves as a disinfectant.

C. it is easily available.

D. it is hygroscopic.

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4

Match column-I with column-II and choose the correct option.
Column-IColumn-II
A. AgarI. Single cell protein, used as food supplements by space travellers
B. AlginII. Red algae
C. CarrageenIII. Brown algae
D. ChlorellaIV. Gelidium, Gracilaria Spirullina

A. A I; B II; C III; D IV

B. A IV; B III; C II; D I

C. A II; B I; C III; D IV

D. A III; B II; C I; D IV

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4

The spreading of living pteridophytes is limited and restricted to narrow geographical region because

A. gametophytic growth needs cool, damp and shady places.

B. it requires water for fertilization.

C. due to absence of stomata in leaf and absence of vascular tissue.

D. both (a) and (b)

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4

A research student collected certain alga and found that its cells contained both chlorophyll a and chlorophyll d as well as phycoerythrin on the basis of his observation the students conclude that the alga belongs to

A. rhodophyceae

B. bacillariophyceae

C. chlorophyceae

D. phaeophyceae

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4

Which one of the following is a correct statement?

A. Pteridophyte gametophyte has a protonemal and leafy stage.

B. In gymnosperms, female gametophyte is free-living.

C. Antheridiophores and archegoniophores are present in pteridophytes.

D. Origin of seed habit can be traced in pteridophytes.

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4

Protonema

A. is a stage of gametophytic generation.

B. is a creeping, green, branched and develops directly from a spore.

C. produces lateral bud which forms leafy plant body.

D. All of the above

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4

Consider the following statements regarding the major pigments and stored food in the different groups of algae and choose the correct option
(i) In chlorophyceae, the stored food material is starch and the major pigments are chlorophyll-a and d.
(ii) In phaeophyceae, laminarian is the stored food and major pigments are chlorophyll-a and b.
(iii) In rhodophyceae, floridean starch is the stored food and the major pigments are chlorophyll-a, d and phycoerythrin.

A. (i) is correct, but (ii) and (iii) are incorrect

B. (i) and (ii) are correct, but (iii) is incorrect

C. (i) and (iii) are correct, but (ii) is incorrect

D. (iii) is correct, but (i) and (ii) are incorrect

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4

Classification of plants proposed by Carolus Linnaeus was artificial because it was based on

A. only a few morphological characters.

B. evolutionary tendencies which are diverse.

C. anatomical characters which are adaptive in nature.

D. physiological traits alongwith morphological characters.

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4

Which of the following statement is incorrect ?

A. Double fertilization is unique to gymnosperms and monocotyledons.

B. Sequoia, a gymnosperm, is one of the tallest tree species.

C. Phaeophyceae members possess chlorophyll a, c, carotenoids and xanthophylls.

D. Moss is a gametophyte which consists of two stages namely, protonemal stage and leafy stage.

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4

Which of the following statements about algae is/are correct?
(i) Algae are chlorophyll bearing simple, thalloid, heterotrophic and aquatic (both fresh water and marine) organisms.
(ii) Algae reproduce by vegetative means only.
(iii) Fusion of two gametes dissimilar in size is termed as oogamous.
(iv) A few of the massive forms of algae such as kelps, form massive plant bodies.

A. Only (i)

B. Both (i) and (iii)

C. Only (iv)

D. All of these

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4

The heterosporous pteridophyte belonging to the class lycopsida is

A. Selaginella

B. Psilotum

C. Equisetum

D. Pteris

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4

Algin, carrageen and proteins are obtained from

A. red algae, brown algae, green algae respectively.

B. brown algae, red algae, green algae respectively.

C. red algae, green algae, brown algae respectively.

D. green algae, brown algae, red algae respectively.

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4

Angiosperms have dominated the land flora primarily because of their

A. power of adaptability in diverse habitat.

B. property of producing large number of seeds.

C. nature of self pollination.

D. domestication of man.

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4

The Natural system of classification for flowering plants was given by

A. Carolus Linnaeus

B. Bentham and Hooker

C. Engler and Prantl

D. R. H. Whittaker

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4

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct about angiosperms ?
(i) In angiosperms or flowering plants, the pollen grains and ovules are developed in specialised structure called flowers.
(ii) They are divided into two classes : the dicotyledons and the monocotyledons.
(iii) The male sex organ in a flower is the pistil or the carpel.
(iv) The female sex organ is the stamen.

A. Only (i)

B. Both (i) and (ii)

C. Both (ii) and (iv)

D. All of these

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4

What is the similarity between gymnosperms and angiosperms?

A. Phloem of both have companian cells.

B. Endosperm is formed before fertilization in both.

C. Origin of ovule and seed is similar in both.

D. Both have leaves, stem and roots.