Critical temperature
Melting point
Freezing point
Both (B) and (C)
D. Both (B) and (C)
Enthalpies of all elements in their standard states are assumed to be zero
Combustion reactions are never endothermic in nature
Heat of reaction at constant volume is equal to the change in internal energy
Clausius-Clapeyron equation is not applicable to melting process
Specific volume
Work
Pressure
Temperature
The distribution law
Followed from Margules equation
A corollary of Henry's law
None of these
Less
More
Same
More or less depending upon the extent of work done
Increase
Decrease
Not alter
None of these
< 0
> 0
= 0
None of these
Zero
One
Two
Three
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
Condensation
Entropy and enthalpy are path functions
In a closed system, the energy can be exchanged with the surrounding, while matter cannot be exchanged
All the natural processes are reversible in nature
Work is a state function
λb/Tb
Tb/λb
√(λb/Tb)
√(Tb/λb)
Lowest
Highest
Average
None of these
The expansion of a gas in vacuum is an irreversible process
An isometric process is a constant pressure process
Entropy change for a reversible adiabatic process is zero
Free energy change for a spontaneous process is negative
Reverse Carnot cycle
Ordinary vapour-compression cycle
Vapour-compression process with a reversible expansion engine
Air refrigeration cycle
(∂T/∂V)S = - (∂P/∂S)V
(∂S/∂P)T = - (∂V/∂T)P
(∂V/∂S)P = (∂T/∂P)S
(∂S/∂V)T = (∂P/∂T)V
dE = CpdT
dE = CvdT
dQ = dE + pdV
dW = pdV
Decreases
Increases
Remain same
May increase or decrease; depends on the nature of the gas
Is the analog of linear frictionless motion in machines
Is an idealised visualisation of behaviour of a system
Yields the maximum amount of work
Yields an amount of work less than that of a reversible process
Evaporation
Liquid extraction
Drying
Distillation
The values of (∂P/∂V)T and (∂2P/∂V2)T are zero for a real gas at its critical point
Heat transferred is equal to the change in the enthalpy of the system, for a constant pressure, non-flow, mechanically reversible process
Thermal efficiency of a Carnot engine depends upon the properties of the working fluid besides the source & sink temperatures
During a reversible adiabatic process, the entropy of a substance remains constant
+ve
-ve
0
∞
By throttling
By expansion in an engine
At constant pressure
None of these
(∂T/∂V)S = (∂p/∂S)V
(∂T/∂P)S = (∂V/∂S)P
(∂P/∂T)V = (∂S/∂V)T
(∂V/∂T)P = -(∂S/∂P)T
Adiabatic expansion
Joule-Thomson effect
Both (A) and (B)
Neither (A) nor (B)
A real gas on expansion in vacuum gets heated up
An ideal gas on expansion in vacuum gets cooled
An ideal gas on expansion in vacuum gets heated up
A real gas on expansion in vacuum cools down whereas ideal gas remains unaffected
A refrigeration cycle violates the second law of thermodynamics
Refrigeration cycle is normally represented by a temperature vs. entropy plot
In a refrigerator, work required decreases as the temperature of the refrigerator and the temperature at which heat is rejected increases
One ton of refrigeration is equivalent to the rate of heat absorption equal to 3.53 kW
System (of partially miscible liquid pairs), in which the mutual solubility increases with rise in temperature, are said to possess an upper consolute temperature
Systems, in which the mutual solubility increases with decrease in temperature, are said to possess lower consolute temperature
Nicotine-water system shows both an upper as well as a lower consolute temperature, implying that they are partially miscible between these two limiting temperatures
None of these
Molten sodium
Molten lead
Mercury
Molten potassium
Sub-cooled
Saturated
Non-solidifiable
None of these
Concentration of the constituents only
Quantities of the constituents only
Temperature only
All (A), (B) and (C)
Prediction of the extent of a chemical reaction
Calculating absolute entropies of substances at different temperature
Evaluating entropy changes of chemical reaction
Both (B) and (C)