36.5-38.5 MJ/kg
39.4-42.5 MJ/kg
42.7-43.5 MJ/kg
45.5-47 MJ/kg
C. 42.7-43.5 MJ/kg
Engine piston
Engine cylinder
Lubricating oil
Jacket cooling water
Brake drags
Brake fades
Vapour locking occurs in the brake lines
Antilock braking system malfunctions
Less than 20 kmph
Less than 40 kmph
Less than 60 kmph
More than 60 kmph
Regulates the intake air flow rate
Reduces the intake air noise
Enhances intake efficiency
Regulates the intake air temperature
1.00
1.28
1.82
2.81
Back up compression ring which will work in place of the top ring when it is broken
Compression ring and aids the top ring in sealing and cooling
Back up oil control ring which will work in place of the bottom ring when it is broken
Cushion ring which prevents piston slap and knock
A maintenance free battery requires little maintenance during normal use and it is sufficient to add water instead of an electrolyte containing sulphuric acid
A maintenance free battery has a relatively short shelf life when compared with standard batteries
Since it is sealed, the water in maintenance free battery is not lost through evaporation thus accordingly it is not necessary to top up the cells with water
Recharging of a maintenance free battery is neither required nor possible
85-95
95-100
100-110
110-125
Excessive steering alignment torque
Hard steering
Too much traction
Uneven tyre wear
12
4
16
8
0.1
0.4
0.8
1.2
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrofluoric acid
Nitric acid
Sulphuric acid
Delivers improved cornering on dry road surfaces
Eliminates the need of snow tyres, tyre chains, etc.
Ensures effective transmission of engine torque to all four wheels, even on slippery road surfaces
Ensures that effective braking can be performed, even on slippery surfaces
Section width to section height
Section height to section width
Wheel diameter to section height
Wheel diameter to section width
Makes large noise when its heavy point hits the road surface
Deflects in the vehicle's longitudinal direction
Bounces vertically or deflects from side to side (as seen from front or rear)
Creates a standing wave
Water in the master cylinder
Air in the hydraulic system
Failure of the primary or secondary circuit of hydraulic system
Power brake failure
Overheating of the fluid due to frequent brake application
Overcooling of the brakes during high speed driving
Keeping the vehicle without use for an extended period
An excessively high engine speed on a downhill road
Speed
Distance
Engine r.p.m.
Fuel consumption
1.143 N
11.43 N
114.3 N
1143 N
Petrol vapours
Water vapours
Carbon monoxide
All of these
Overheating of the engine
Incomplete valve closure
Fouling of spark plug by gasoline
None of these
Chain drive
Gear drive
Flat belt drive
V-belt drive
A high boiling point
Low viscosity
Compatibility with rubber and metal parts
All of these
Clutch
Differential
Flywheel
Torque converter
The vertical size of the suspension can be made more compact
Non vertical external forces are supported by the suspension arms
The unsprung mass in lighter
The assembly is slightly more complicated in design
Edges
Corners
Centre
None of these
Carbon disulphide
Ethylene glycol
Ammonium chloride
Freon-12
Release chamber
Balancer
Relief valve
Stop valve
Tube type and tubeless
Solid and tubeless
Air and pneumatic
Split rim and drop centre
Sharp edged fragments
Small particles
Large particles
None of these