Tension = (P - Ps)L/AE
Sag = L3w²/24P² where w is the weight of tape/m
Slope = (h²/2L) + (h4/8L3) where h is height difference of end supports
All the above
D. All the above
Nadir
Isocenter
Principal point
Plumb point
East of observer
West of observer
North of observer
South of observer
The angle between the plane of the negative and the horizontal plane containing perspective axis is the tilt of the photograph
The direction of maximum tilt is defined by the photo principal line
The principal plane is truly vertical plane which contains perspective centre as well as principal point and plumb point
All the above
Northward
Southward
From south to north of the equator
From north to south of the equator
The vertical plane containing the zenith, the station of observation and the celestial pole is the observer's meridian plane
The angle between the direction of star in vertical plane and the direction of the star in horizontal plane is called the altitude of the star
The complement of the altitude of star is called the zenith distance of the star
All the above
The star's movement is apparent due to the actual steady rotation of the earth about its axis
The stars move round in circular concentrated parts
The centre of the circular paths of stars is the celestial pole
All the above
24 %
36 %
40 %
60 %
The plane passing through the perspective centre of a stereo pair and a ground point, is known as basal plane
Each pair of image points on stereo pair have their own basal plane
Relative orientation means reconstructing the basal plane
All the above
Satellite station
Eccentric station
False station
Pivot station
7 h 00 m
7 h 30 m
8 h 00 m
9 h 00 m
Correction for refraction is always negative
Correction for parallax is always positive
Correction for semi-diameter is always negative
Correction for dip is always negative
Parallel projection
Orthogonal projection
Central projection
None of these
Principal point
Isocenter
Plumb point
Perspective centre
The principal point coincides with plumb point on a true vertical photograph
The top of a hill appears on a truly vertical photograph at greater distance than its bottom from the principal point
The top of a hill is represented on a vertical photograph at larger scale than the area of a nearby valley
All the above
Photo plumb point
Plumb point
Nadir point
Isocenter
f sin θ
f cos θ
f tan θ
f sec θ
Once
Twice
Thrice
Four times
0.1 mm
0.5 mm
1.00 mm
1.1 mm
f/H sec θ
f sec θ/H
f/H
f/H cos ½θ
Declination
Altitude
Zenith distance
Co-latitude
When its altitude is maximum
When its azimuth is 180°
When it is in south
All the above
- 8.8 cos α
+ .8 sin α
+ 8.8 cos α
- 8.8 cos α
Eastward
Westward
Northward
Southward
Astronomical latitude
Astronomical longitude
Astronomical bearing
All of these
Horizon and equator
Equator and zenith
Zenith and pole
Pole and horizon
Length of the equator between their longitudes
Length of the parallel between their longitudes
Length of the arc of the great circle passing through them
None of these
Nadir point
Iso centre
Principal point
All the above
Elevation of the elevated pole
Declination of the observer's zenith
Angular distance along the observer's meridian between equator and the observer
All the above
High oblique
Low oblique
Vertical
None of these
sin α = sin φ cosec δ
sin α = sin φ sec δ
sin α = cos φ sec δ
sin α = cos φ cosec δ