The data in the database at a particular moment of time is called the _______
Snapshot
Dynaset
Stateless
Stateful
Correct Answer :
A. Snapshot
Related Questions
Whenever two independent one-to-many relationships are mixed in the same relation, a __________ arises.
Functional dependency
Multi-valued dependency
Transitive dependency
Partial dependency
Which of the following statement on the view concept in SQL is invalid?
All views are not updateable
The views may be referenced in an SQL statement whenever tables are referenced.
The views are instantiated at the time they are referenced and not when they are defined.
The definition of a view should not have GROUP BY clause in it.
An outstanding functionality of SQL is its support for automatic_____ to the target data.
programming
navigation
functioning
notification
____ table store information about database or about the system.
SQL
System
Nested
None of these
Which of the following is not a recovery technique?
Deferred update
Immediate update
Two-phase commit
Shadow paging
Change Staff table by removing default of Assistant for position column
ALTER TABLE Staff ALTER position DROP DEFAULT;
ALTER TABLE Staff ALTER position DEFAULT;
ALTER TABLE Staff ALTER DROP DEFAULT;
MODIFY Staff ALTER position DROP DEFAULT;
An advantage of views is
Data security
Derived columns
Hiding of complex queries
All of the above
Protection of data from unauthorized Disclosure results in loss of _______
Integrity
Availability
Confidentiality
Discretionary Security
Isolation of the transactions is ensured by
Transaction management
Application programmer
Concurrency control
Recovery management
The one guideline to be followed while designing the database is
A database design may be ambiguous.
It should avoid/reduce the redundancy.
Unrelated data should be in the same table so that updating the data will be easy.
An entity should not have attributes.
When an E-R diagram is mapped to tables, the representation is redundant for
weak entity sets
weak relationship sets
strong entity sets
strong relationship sets
Which of the following addressing modes permits relocation without any change over in the code?
Indirect addressing
Indexed addressing
PC relative addressing
Base register addressing
In a relational schema, each tuple is divided into fields called
Relations
Queries
Domains
All of the above
Precedence graphs help to find a
Serializable schedule.
Recoverable schedule.
Deadlock free schedule.
Cascadeless schedule.
The common column is eliminated in
theta join
outer join
natural join
composed join
Relationships among relationships can be represented in an-E-R model using
Aggregation
Association
Weak entity sets
Weak relationship sets
The normal form that is not necessarily dependency preserving is
2NF
3NF
BCNF
4NF
In an ER diagram the ___shape specifies the Attibute and a ____ shape specifies the primary key attribute.
Oval; An oval with an underlined attribute
Circle; A circle with bolded attribute inside it
Diamond; A bolded attribute
Square; An attribute within the square
Which of the following is not comparison operator?
<>
<
=<
>=
Cascading rollback is avoided in all protocol except
strict two-phase locking protocol.
tree locking protocol
two-phase locking protocol
validation based protocol.
According to the levels of abstraction, the schema at the intermediate level is called
Logical schema.
Physical schema.
Subschema.
None of the above.
Between DRAM and magnetic disk storage another form of memory, called ______ memory is becoming common because it is non volatile.
RAM
Flash
Hard Disk
Secondary
In multiple granularity of locks SIX lock is compatible with
IX
IS
S
SIX
A ____ key specifies a uniqueness constraint that no two distinct tuples in any state r of relation R can have the same value for super key.
Sub
Parent
Candidate
Super
The _______ is a set of programs to use and / or modify this data.
DBMS
System
Program
Software
The ______ key of a relation is the attribute (column) or collection of attributes, which uniquely identify a given tuple.
Primary
Foreign
Candidate
Alternate
A table can have only one
Secondary key
Alternate key
Unique key
Primary key
As per equivalence rules for query transformation, selection operation distributes over
Union.
Set difference.
Intersection.
All of the above.
For using a specific database …………… command is used.
use database
database name use
Both A & B
None of them
A logical schema
is the entire database
Describes how data is actually stored on disk.
is a standard way of organizing information into accessible parts.
All of the above