Centroidal axis
Neutral axis
Inside fibre
Outside fibre
C. Inside fibre
8
6
4
2
Initial tension
External load applied
Sum of the initial tension and external load applied
Initial tension or external load, whichever is greater
1 in 16
1 in 32
1 in 48
1 in 100
Initial tension
External load applied
Sum of the initial tension and external load applied
Initial tension or external load, whichever is greater
Circular pitch
Diametral pitch
Module
None of these
Crimped
Honed
Flared
Bent
For conveying steam
In water and sewage systems
In pressure lubrication systems on prime movers
All of the above
Pitch circle diameter × cosφ
Addendum circle diameter × cosφ
Clearance circle diameter × cosφ
Pitch circle diameter × sinφ
Determining brittleness
Protecting metal against corrosion
Protecting metal against wear and tear
Experimental stress analysis
Tightening it properly
Increasing shank diameter
Grinding the shank
Making shank diameter equal to core diameter of thread.
The tension in tight side is twice the centrifugal tension
The tension in slack side is equal to the centrifugal tension
The tension in tight side is thrice the centrifugal tension
None of the above
Ductile material
Brittle material
Elastic material
Hard material
4
6
8
10
2000-3000 kg/m²
3000-4000 kg/cm²
4000-4500 kg/cm²
7500-10,000 kg/cm²
Acts when external load is applied
Becomes zero when external load is removed
Is independent of external loads
Is always harmful
One smaller nut is tightened over main nut and main nut tightened against smaller one by loosening, creating friction jamming
A slot is cut partly in middle of nut and then slot reduced by tightening screw
A hard fibre or nylon cotter is recessed in the nut and becomes threaded as the nut is screwed on the bolt causing a tight grip
Through slots are made at top and a cotter pin is passed through these and a hole in the bolt, and cotter pin splitted and bent in reverse direction at the other end
Bolts
Keys
Cotters
Rivets
Pan Head
Snap head
Counter sunk head
Conical head
M6
M8
M6 - 8d
M8 - 6d
1.06
1.12
1.26
1.58
Outer diameter
Hole diameter
Thickness
Mean diameter
Mild steel
High speed steel
Stainless steel
Aluminium
More
Less
Same
More or less depending on quantum of load
Cotter joint
Bolted joint
Knuckle joint
Universal coupling
Right hand threads on bout ends
Left hand threads on both ends
Left hand threads on one end and right hand threads on other end
No threads
Less than
Equal to
More than
None of these
Reducing stress concentration
Ease of manufacture
Safety
Fullering and caulking
Square
Acme
Buttress
BSW
Similar to small size tap bolts except that a greater variety of shapes of heads are available
Slotted for a screw driver and generally used with a nut
Used to prevent relative motion between parts
Similar to stud
Equal to
Twice
Three times
Four times