Conduction
Free convection
Forced convection
Radiation
C. Forced convection
25 mm
40 mm
160 mm
800 mm
tm = (Δt1 - Δt2)/ loge (Δt1/Δt2)
tm = loge (Δt1/Δt2)/ (Δt1 - Δt2)
tm = tm = (Δt1 - Δt2) loge (Δt1/Δt2)
tm = loge (Δt1 - Δt2)/ Δt1/Δt2
One dimensional cases only
Two dimensional cases only
Three dimensional cases only
Regular surfaces having non-uniform temperature gradients
Increases
Decreases
Remain constant
May increase or decrease depending on temperature
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
None of these
Maximum
Minimum
Zero
None of these
Below which a gas does not obey gas laws
Above which a gas may explode
Below which a gas is always liquefied
Above which a gas will never liquefied
Increases
Decreases
Remain constant
May increase or decrease depending on temperature
Radiant heat is proportional to fourth power of absolute temperature
Emissive power depends on temperature
Emissive power and absorptivity are constant for all bodies
Ratio of emissive power to absorptive power for all bodies is same and is equal to the emissive power of a perfectly black body.
Grashoff number
Biot number
Stanton number
Prandtl number
It is impossible to transfer heat from low temperature source to t high temperature source
Heat transfer by radiation requires no medium
All bodies above absolute zero emit radiation
Heat transfer in most of the cases takes place by combination of conduction, convection and radiation
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
Conduction and convection
Energy transferred by convection to that by conduction
Kinematic viscosity to thermal diffusivity
Inertia force to viscous force
None of the above
Velocity reduction method
Equal friction method
Static regains method
Dual or double method
Temperature
Thickness
Area
Time
Shorter wavelength
Longer wavelength
Remain same at all wavelengths
Wavelength has nothing to do with it
Watt/cm² °K
Watt/cm4 °K
Watt²/cm °K⁴
Watt/cm² °K⁴
Pb = pa - pv
Pb = pa + pv
Pb = pa × pv
Pb = pa/pv
Less than those for gases
Less than those for liquids
More than those for liquids and gases
More or less same as for liquids and gases
Hr (time)
Sq. m (area)
°C (temperature)
K.cal (heat)
Wien's law
Stefan's law
Kirchhoff's law
Planck's law
Higher
Lower
Same
Depends on the area of heat exchanger
0.1
0.23
0.42
0.51
Domestic refrigerators
Water coolers
Room air conditioners
All of these
Q = 2πkr1 r2 (T1 - T2)/ (r2 - r1)
Q = 4πkr1 r2 (T1 - T2)/ (r2 - r1)
Q = 6πkr1 r2 (T1 - T2)/ (r2 - r1)
Q = 8πkr1 r2 (T1 - T2)/ (r2 - r1)
S.H/(S.H + L.H)
(S.H + L.H) /S.H
(L.H - S.H)/S.H
S.H/(L.H - S.H)
6
9
27
81
Iron
Lead
Concrete
Wood
Thermal conductivity
Thermal diffusivity
Density
Dynamic viscosity
Face area
Time
Thickness
Temperature difference