Conduction
Convection
Radiation
None of these
B. Convection
P = 0, x = 0 and a = 1
P= 1, T = 0 and a = 0
P = 0, x = 1 and a = 0
X = 0, a + p = 0 Where a = absorptivity, p = reflectivity, X = transmissivity.
Stanton number
Nusselt number
Biot number
Peclet number
Different heat contents
Different specific heat
Different atomic structure
Different temperatures
Remain same
Decreases
Increases
May increase or decrease depending upon temperature
Temperature
Thickness
Area
Time
Density
Coefficient of viscosity
Gravitational force
All of these
S.H/(S.H + L.H)
(S.H + L.H) /S.H
(L.H - S.H)/S.H
S.H/(L.H - S.H)
A grey body is one which absorbs all radiations incident on it.
At thermal equilibrium, the emissivity and absorptivity are same.
The energy absorbed by a body to the total energy falling on it, is called emissivity.
A perfect body is one which is black in colour.
Stanton number
Biot number
Peclet number
Grashoff number
Convection
Radiation
Forced convection
Free convection
Parallel flow type
Counter flow type
Cross flow type
Regenerator type
Absorptive power
Emissive power
Absorptivity
Emissivity
Face area
Time
Thickness
Temperature difference
0.45
0.55
0.40
0.75
Kirchoffs law
Stefan's law
Wien' law
Planck's law
Absolute temperature (T)
I²
F
T
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
Conduction and convection
Watt/mK
Watt/m²K²
Watt/m²K4
Watt/mK²
Varies with temperature
Varies with the wave length of incident ray
Varies with both
Does not vary with temperature and wave length of the incident ray
tm = (Δt1 - Δt2)/ loge (Δt1/Δt2)
tm = loge (Δt1/Δt2)/ (Δt1 - Δt2)
tm = tm = (Δt1 - Δt2) loge (Δt1/Δt2)
tm = loge (Δt1 - Δt2)/ Δt1/Δt2
Improve heat transfer
Provide support for tubes
Prevent stagnation of shell side fluid
All of these
6
9
27
81
k/h₀
2k/h₀
h₀/k
h₀/2k
Iron
Lead
Concrete
Wood
Melting of ice
Boiler furnaces
Condensation of steam in condenser
None of these
P = 0, x = 0 and a = 1
P=1, x = 0, and a = 0
P = 0, T= 1, and a = 0
X = 0, a + p = 1
Change vapour into liquid
Change liquid into vapour
Increase the temperature of a liquid of vapour
Convert water into steam and superheat it
Hr (time)
Sq. m (area)
°C (temperature)
K.cal (heat)
Cold water inlet and outlet
Hot medium inlet and outlet
Hot medium outlet and cold water inlet
Hot medium outlet and cold water outlet
Zeroth law of thermodynamics
First law of thermodynamic
Second law of the thermodynamics
Kirchoff's law