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Which of the following is expected to have highest thermal conductivity?
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In counter flow heat exchangers
A. Both the fluids at inlet (of heat exchanger where hot fluid enters) are in their coldest state
B. Both the fluids at inlet are in their hottest state
C. Both the fluids at exit are in their hottest state
D. One fluid is in hottest state and other in coldest state at inlet
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A steam pipe is to be lined with two layers of insulating materials of different thermal conductivities. For the minimum heat transfer,
A. The better insulation must be put inside
B. The better insulation must be put outside
C. One could place either insulation on either side
D. One should take into account the steam temperature before deciding as to which insulation is put where
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When α is absorptivity, ρ is reflectivity and τ is transmissivity, then for a diathermanous body,
A. α = 1, ρ = 0 and τ = 0
B. α = 0, ρ = 1 and τ = 0
C. α = 0, ρ = 0 and τ = 1
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The amount of radiation mainly depends upon the
B. Temperature of the body
C. Type of surface of the body
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According to Stefan Boltzmann law, the total radiation from a black body per second per unit area is directly proportional to the
B. Square of the absolute temperature
C. Cube of the absolute temperature
D. Fourth power of the absolute temperature
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The emissivity for a black body is
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In heat exchangers, degree of approach is defined as the difference between temperatures of
A. Cold water inlet and outlet
B. Hot medium inlet and outlet
C. Hot medium outlet and cold water inlet
D. Hot medium outlet and cold water outlet
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The amount of radiation mainly depends on
C. Type of surface of body
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The concept of overall coefficient of heat transfer is used in heat transfer problems of
D. Conduction and convection
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The critical radius is the insulation radius at which the resistance to heat flow is
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In free convection heat transfer transition from laminar to turbulent flow is governed by the critical value of the
C. Reynold's number, Grashoff's number
D. Prandtl number, Grashoff's number
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A cube at high temperature is immersed in a constant temperature bath. It loses heat from its top, bottom and side surfaces with heat transfer coefficients of h₁, h₂ and h₃ respectively. The average heat transfer coefficient for the cube is
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Emissivity of a white polished body in comparison to a black body is
D. Depends upon the shape of body
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Stefan Boltzmann law is applicable for heat transfer by
D. Conduction and radiation combined
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The total radiation from a black body per second per unit area is ________ fourth power of the absolute temperature. This statement is known as Stefan Boltzmann law.
B. Directly proportional to
C. Inversely proportional to
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The unit of Stefan-Boltzmann constant is
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Film coefficient is defined as the ratio of
A. Thermal conductivity to the equivalent thickness of the film of fluid
B. Temperature drop through the films of fluids to the thickness of film of fluids
C. Thickness of film of fluid to the thermal conductivity
D. Thickness of film of fluid to the temperature drop through the films of fluids
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Sensible heat factor is given by (where S.H. = Sensible heat, and L.H. = Latent heat)
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The value of Prandtl number for air is about
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Reynolds number is the ratio of
A. Energy transferred by convection to that by conduction
B. Kinematic viscosity to thermal diffusivity
C. Inertia force to viscous force
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The ratio of the thickness of thermal boundary layer to the thickness of hydrodynamic boundary layer is equal to (Prandtl number) n, where n is equal to
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The process of heat transfer from one particle of the body to another is called conduction, when the particles of the body
C. Affect the intervening medium
D. Does not affect the intervening medium
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A steam pipe is to be insulated by two insulating materials put over each other. For best results
A. Better insulation should be put over pipe and better one over it
B. Inferior insulation should be put over pipe and better one over it
C. Both may be put in any order
D. Whether to put inferior OIL over pipe or the better one would depend on steam temperature
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Moisture would find its way into insulation by vapour pressure unless it is prevented by
A. High thickness of insulation
C. Less thermal conductivity insulator
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Which of the following is a case of steady state heat transfer?
C. Heating of building in winter
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The process of heat transfer from one particle of the fluid to another by the actual movement of the fluid particles caused by some mechanical means, is known as
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Thermal conductivity of air with rise in temperature
D. May increase or decrease depending on temperature
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An electric cable of aluminium conductor (k = 240 W/mK) is to be insulated with rubber (k = 0.15 W/mK). The cable is to be located in air (h = 6 W/m²). The critical thickness of insulation will be
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Free convection flow depends on
B. Coefficient of viscosity