J/m² sec
J/m °K sec
W/m °K
Option (B) and (C) above
D. Option (B) and (C) above
Maximum
Minimum
Zero
None of these
Thermal conductivity
Thermal diffusivity
Density
Dynamic viscosity
Nature of body
Temperature of body
Type of surface of body
All of the above
Emissivity
Transmissivity
Reflectivity
Intensity of radiation
In heat exchanger design as a safety factor
In case of Newtonian fluids
When a liquid exchanges heat with a gas
None of the above
Cold water inlet and outlet
Hot medium inlet and outlet
Hot medium outlet and cold water inlet
Hot medium outlet and cold water outlet
Directly proportional to thermal conductivity
Inversely proportional to density of substance
Inversely proportional to specific heat
All of the above
Thermal conductivity to the equivalent thickness of the film of fluid
Temperature drop through the films of fluids to the thickness of film of fluids
Thickness of film of fluid to the thermal conductivity
Thickness of film of fluid to the temperature drop through the films of fluids
Grashoff number
Biot number
Stanton number
Prandtl number
Stanton number
Biot number
Peclet number
Grashoff number
Temperature
Thickness
Area
Time
Absorptive power
Emissive power
Absorptivity
Emissivity
Universal gas constant
Kinematic viscosity
Thermal conductivity
Planck's constant
Direct mixing of hot and cold fluids
A complete separation between hot and cold fluids
Flow of hot and cold fluids alternately over a surface
Generation of heat again and again
Added insulation will increase heat loss
Added insulation will decrease heat loss
Convective heat loss will be less than conductive heat loss
Heat flux will decrease
Watt/mK
Watt/m²K²
Watt/m²K4
Watt/mK²
Velocity reduction method
Equal friction method
Static regains method
Dual or double method
Absorptive power
Emissive power
Emissivity
None of these
-1/3
-2/3
1
-1
0
0.5
0.75
1
Radiators in automobile
Condensers and boilers in steam plants
Condensers and evaporators in refrigeration and air conditioning units
All of the above
Radiant heat is proportional to fourth power of absolute temperature
Emissive power depends on temperature
Emissive power and absorptivity are constant for all bodies
Ratio of emissive power to absorptive power for all bodies is same and is equal to the emissive power of a perfectly black body.
Hr (time)
Sq. m (area)
°C (temperature)
K.cal (heat)
Wien's law
Stefan's law
Kirchhoff's law
Planck's law
Remain same
Decreases
Increases
May increase or decrease depending upon temperature
Kirchhoff's law
Stefan's law
Wines law
Planck's law
More than those for liquids
Less than those for liquids
More than those for solids
Dependent on the viscosity
Increase
Decrease
Remain unaffected
May increase/decrease depending on temperature and thickness of insulation
Temperature
Wave length
Physical nature
All of the above
Electric heater
Steam condenser
Boiler
Refrigerator condenser coils