What advantage does laparoscopic/robotic prostatectomy has over open surgery in treating prostate cancers?
preserving potency
avoiding incontinence
less bleeding
all of the above
Correct Answer :
C. less bleeding
the tamponade effect from the pneumoperitoneum helps diminish blood loss during laparoscopic/robotic prostatectomy.
Related Questions
Regarding chemotherapy for prostate cancers, nonsteroidal antiandrogens will result in:
elevated LH, elevated testosterone, elevated estrogen
elevated LH, elevated testosterone, declined estrogen
declined LH, declined testosterone, elevated estrogen
declined LH, elevated testosterone, declined estrogen
Screening for prostate cancer is recommended for men who are:
at average risk, aging 50 yrs., and have at least a 10-year life expectancy
aging 40 yrs., and had a first-degree relative diagnosed with prostate cancer before age 65
aging 40 yrs., African Americans
all of the above
Prostate-specific membrane antigen has been detected in:
the prostate gland only
the central nervous system, intestine, and the prostate
malignant ovarian cysts, skeletal muscles, and the prostate
thyroid glands, adrenals, and the prostate
Genetically, what are the changes associated with poor survival in prostate cancer patients?
loss of one or both copies of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN
TMPRSS2ERG chromosome fusion
P53 mutations and overexpression of MYC
all of the above
Regarding treating prostate cancer patients, watchful waiting is a reasonable option for:
patients who have a life expectancy ≤ 10 yrs. and/or well to moderately differentiated cancer
≥ 70 yrs. of age
PSA < 10 ng/mL, ratio < 0.22
patients with good performance status
Which factor(s) determine(s) the return to normal erectile function after radical retropubic prostatectomy?
the age of the patient
preoperative potency status
extent of nerve-sparing surgery
all of the above
All of the following modalities are used as salvage therapies after failing radiation therapy for prostate cancer treatment, EXCEPT:
cryotherapy
chemotherapy
brachytherapy
radical prostatectomy
What are the clinical parameters of tissue ablation achieved by cryotherapy for cancer cells destruction?
the number of freezing cycles
the lowest temperature achieved
the existence of regional heat sinks
all of the above
What is the commonest complication of high-intensity focused ultrasound on treating localized prostate cancer?
temporary incontinence
vasculogenic impotence
urinary retention
hyper-reflexive detrusor
In which of the following situations prostate biopsy is most indicated?
normal DRE, abnormal PSA
abnormal DRE, abnormal PSA
abnormal DRE, normal PSA
hyperechoic areas on TRUS
Which factor is closely related to the return to urinary continence function after radical retropubic prostatectomy?
pathologic tumor stage
performing nerve-sparing surgery
patient`s age
performing internal sphincter micro-dissection
During retropubic radical prostatectomy, what complication could be encountered on dividing the dorsal vein complex anteriorly?
incontinence
retrograde ejaculation
impotence
anejaculation
What is the likelihood that patients with positive surgical margins after radical prostatectomy will be cured for prostate cancer?
never
unlikely
likely
always
In descending order, to where do prostate cancers metastasize?
lymph nodes, bone, lung, bladder, liver, and adrenal glands
bone, lung, lymph nodes, liver, bladder, and adrenal glands
lung, liver, lymph nodes, bone, adrenal glands, and bladder
liver, lung, bone, lymph nodes, bladder, and adrenal glands
Regarding radical prostatectomy, the commonest site of positive surgical margins is the:
apex
posterior
postero-lateral
anterior
What are the possible complications of CO2 pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic/robotic prostatectomy?
hypoxia and acidosis
tachycardia and tachypnea
bradycardia and hypotension
hypercarbia and oliguria
What pathologic findings after radical prostatectomy are predictive for occult metastases?
seminal vesicle invasion and lymph node metastases
positive surgical margins and seminal vesicle involvement
capsular penetration and lymph node metastases
rectal and bladder neck involvement
Fill the blanks: on treating prostate cancer patients, the median time from PSA failure to the development of metastatic disease after radical prostatectomy is approximately (…) yrs. and from the time of metastases to death is approximately (…) yrs..
4, 2 respectively
8, 5 respectively
6, 3 respectively
7, 4 respectively
Following bilateral orchiectomy for prostate cancer, testosterone will:
initially drop to nadir, and then recover over 2 weeks
decline by 50% within 2 weeks and then normalize
decline by 90% within 24 hours
decline by 70%
What is false concerning TRUS prostatic biopsy?
a 12-core biopsy is the standard
in preparation for the procedure, a self-administered enema is suggested
sepsis might complicate the procedure
the biopsy path is best visualized in the coronal plane
Regarding treating prostate cancer patients, watchful waiting strategy involves:
periodic PSA testing
periodic TRUS
all of the above
none of the above
Which of the following tests has the highest positive predictive value for prostate cancer?
PSA
digital rectal examination
transrectal ultrasonography
human kallikrein 2
What is the likelihood that prostate cells die in a single freeze cycle of cryotherapy when tissue temperature reaches colder than - 400 C?
never
unlikely
likely
always
What is true regarding seminal vesicles` involvement in prostate cancer?
is almost always due to direct extension (T2c)
it is involved in 85% of positive surgical margins following radical prostatectomy
it carries a poor prognosis
none of the above
What is the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer?
bisphosphonate
docetaxel
sipuleucel-T
enzalutamide
What is true concerning TRUS prostatic biopsy?
hematospermia might persist for 4 6 weeks after taking biopsies
quinolone antibiotics prophylaxis eliminate possible infections
the right lateral decubitus position is commonly preferred
only hypoechoic lesions should be biopsied
Genetically, increased risk of prostate cancer has been found in men with:
variants in the 8q24 region on chromosome 8, in sporadic cases
alterations on chromosome 1, chromosome 17, and the X chromosome, in some familial cases
the human prostate cancer gene is on the X chromosome
all are true
In which of the following cases PSA testing is NOT indicated:
72 yrs. man newly diagnosed BPH with normal DRE
2 weeks post TURP for obstructing cancerous prostate
screening for prostate cancer in 75 yrs. old Caucasian man
43 yrs. man with obstructive LUTS, who had a first-degree relative diagnosed with prostate cancer before age 65
What class of prostate cancer medications causes an initial increase in LH, FSH levels and consequently a rise in testosterone level for few weeks?
GnRH agonists
antiandrogens
antimicrotubular
bisphosphonates
What is false regarding the diagnosis of prostate cancer?
most cases are identified by screening asymptomatic men
physical examination alone cannot reliably differentiate benign prostatic conditions from cancer
most diagnosed cases have normal DRE and PSA values
prostate biopsy establishes the diagnosis