What is (are) the classic presentation(s) of bladder cancers?
irritative bladder symptoms
obstructive bladder symptoms
palpable suprapubic mass on physical examination
painless profuse hematuria
Correct Answer :
D. painless profuse hematuria
approximately 80-90% of patients present with painless gross hematuria.
Related Questions
Common benign urethral tumors include all of the following,
EXCEPT:
leiomyoma
hemangioma
fibroepithelial polyp
lymphangioma
While resecting a large bladder tumor located at the right lateral wall, the surgeon observes a bladder perforation, what should next step be?
continue the procedure as perforations at this site do no harm
abort the procedure and leave a urethral catheter
convert tumor removal to open method and repair the defect
perform abdominal exploration and manage accordingly
The 5-yr survival rates of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer are:
40 - 55%
55 - 70%
70 - 85%
85 - 100%
What is false concerning upper tract urothelial tumors?
rarely diagnosed at autopsy
the peak incidence occurs between ages 70 and 80
they occur twice as frequently in men as in women
none of the above
What might occur while resecting a bladder mass at the posterolateral wall?
bladder perforation
obturator nerve reflex
vesico-ureteral reflux
terrible bleeding
Carcinoma-in-situ of the prostatic urethra mostly occurs at the:
mid prostate to the verumontanum at the 5 and 7 oclock positions
lateral margins of the prostate at the 10 and 2 oclock positions
entire area distal to the urethral crest
area between ejaculatory duct openings and prostatic utricle
The treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer in men includes all of the following, EXCEPT:
radical cysto-prostatectomy
anterior pelvic exenteration
bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy
creation of a urinary diversion
For radical cystectomy, thromboembolism prophylaxis is required:
immediately before operation
immediately before incision and post-operative for 1 day
immediately before incision and post-operative for 15 days
immediately before incision and post-operative for 30 days
Risk factors for recurrence and progression of bladder cancers include the following:
multifocality
high tumor grade and advanced stage
presence of CIS
all of the above
In women, what is the commonest type of cancers occurring in the proximal urethra?
adenocarcinoma
transitional cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma
Which of the following is a risk factor for developing upper urinary tract tumors?
obesity
consuming artificial sweeteners
asbestosis
analgesic abuse
What is the commonest type of tumors occurring in the penile urethra?
adenocarcinoma
transitional cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma
Evaluation of painless hematuria includes all of the following,
EXCEPT:
urine cytology
CT urography
cystoscopy
renal function tests
What is the commonest type of tumors occurring in the female urethra?
adenocarcinoma
transitional cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
comparable
What is the most effective adjuvant intravesical therapy for bladder tumors?
cisplatin
BCG
mitomycin C
5-fluorouracil
What is the likelihood that inverted papillomas of the upper urinary tract accompany tumors?
never
unlikely
likely
always
Bladder tumors with hydronephrosis are:
often of high-grade sarcomas
often associated with muscularis propria invasion
due to vesical polyps occluding ureteric orifices
should be resected but not diathermized
What type of bladder cancers might be caused by Schistosoma haematobium infection?
transitional cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
adenocarcinoma
small cell carcinoma
On diagnosing bladder cancers, what advantage does urine cytology has over tumor markers?
high specificity
high sensitivity
high reliability
strong validity
Once muscle invasion is detected in bladder cancers, what percentage of occult metastasis is expected?
30%
40%
50%
60%
While deeply resecting a large bladder tumor, the surgeon noted loss of bladder distension, what should next step be?
increase the irrigation fluid and pursue the procedure
abort the procedure and leave a urethral catheter
perform cystogram and manage accordingly
perform abdominal exploration and manage accordingly
During women`s life span, what percentage of women will develop keratinizing squamous metaplasia of the bladder?
10%
20%
30%
40%
The most significant prognostic factors for survival in female urethral cancers are:
sensitivity to chemotherapy and age at presentation
anatomic location and extent of the tumor
histologic type of the tumor and sensitivity to radiotherapy
tumors stage and grade
Which of the following cystoscopic descriptions of bladder tumors is false?
nodular or sessile lesions usually invade muscle
papillary bladder tumors are typical of low stage and grade
carcinoma in situ appears as a flat, velvety patch
sarcomas commonly invade bladder base and ureteral orifices causing obstructions
What percentage of bladder cancers is squamous cell type in origin?
2%
5%
70%
90%
What is the commonest manifestation of upper tract urothelial carcinomas?
obstructive uropathy
painless hematuria
pain radiating to the groin
locally advanced tumor
What is the ideal vesical tumor patient for bladder preservation?
patients with carcinoma in situ
patients with completely resected solitary tumor
patients with preserved kidney and liver functions after 2 courses of BCG
patients with leiomyosarcoma
The treatment of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer begins with:
single intravesical chemotherapy
TURBT
intravesical BCG vaccine
multiple bladder biopsies
What is the commonest type of primary urethral tumors?
adenocarcinoma
transitional cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma
The treatment of T2/Nx/M0 prostatic urethral cancer is:
en bloc resection involving total penectomy, cystoprostatectomy, resection of the pubic rami and urogenital diaphragm, with pelvic lymphadenectomy. In addition, creating a urinary diversion.
total penectomy involving removal of the penis, urethra, and penile root
partial penectomy involving excision of the malignant lesion with 2-cm margins
transurethral resection or fulguration