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What is the most powerful single predictor of oncologic outcomes in RCC cases?

A. margin status and grade

B. tumor size

C. tumor stage

D. the time interval between the tumor emergence and excision

Correct Answer :

C. tumor stage


the single most important prognostic factor for RCC cases is tumor stage.

Related Questions

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What is true regarding ADPKD patients?

A. progress to ESRD in the sixth decade of life

B. hypertension is seen in 80% of patients with ADPKD aged 20-34 years

C. aortic valve stenosis in 25%

D. manifestations are more significant in patients with the PKD2 genotype

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4

What is true regarding cancer incidence in renal cystic diseases?

A. is > 90% in Bosniak type IV renal cysts

B. in patients receiving renal transplants for polycystic kidney disease is 48% higher than that expected in the general population

C. all of the above

D. simple renal cysts might turn malignant in < 4% of cases

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Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for RCC?

A. type II DM, especially in males

B. hypertension

C. obesity, especially in females

D. cigarette smoking

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d. unilateral RCC with a functioning opposite kidney, but at risk for future impairment

A. . What is the relapse rate for completely resected RCC after radical nephrectomy?

B. 1- 10%

C. 10 - 20%

D. 20 - 30%

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Which of the following conditions carries the worst prognosis?

A. acquired cystic renal disease

B. juvenile nephronophthisis

C. medullary sponge kidney

D. bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney

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Which of the following conditions carries the best prognosis?

A. acquired cystic renal disease

B. juvenile nephronophthisis

C. medullary sponge kidney

D. bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney

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4

Antenatal sonography is the diagnostic tool for the following condition:

A. glomerulocystic kidney disease

B. developmental cystic renal disease

C. Juvenile nephronophthisis

D. medullary cystic kidney disease

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4

What is the most powerful single predictor of oncologic outcomes in RCC cases?

A. margin status and grade

B. tumor size

C. tumor stage

D. the time interval between the tumor emergence and excision

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4

What can NOT be a manifestation of a renal tumor?

A. right hydrocele

B. left varicocele

C. painless hematuria

D. hypertension

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What is false concerning renal oncocytoma?

A. the central scar on CT or MRI, and the spoke-wheel pattern of vessels on angiograms are not specific to oncocytoma

B. calcification, necrosis, and hemorrhage are rare in oncocytomas

C. it is thought to arise from the basement membrane of proximal convoluted tubules

D. treatment is partial nephrectomy or tumor excision

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4

What does determine the renal function status after partial nephrectomy of a single kidney?

A. the quality of the kidney and renal function prior to surgery

B. the quantity of vascularized parenchymal mass preserved after excision

C. the tumor

D. warm ischemia time

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4

On histological examination of a resected renal tumor, the presence of multiple mitochondria observed on electron microscopy is diagnostic for:

A. renal oncocytoma

B. multiloculated cystic nephromas

C. metanephric adenoma

D. adenoma with clear cell

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What is false concerning ADPKD patients?

A. hepatic cysts are the most common extra-renal manifestation

B. might experience cyst hemorrhage, renal infection, or nephrolithiasis

C. typically, complain of flank pain or intermittent hematuria in the early twenties

D. hypertension and CRF commonly occur in the fifth decade of life

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4

On ultrasonography, what are the percentages of incidentally discovered renal masses that will later be malignant on further workup?

A. 70 - 85%

B. 55 - 70%

C. 40 - 55%

D. 25 - 40%

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d. all of the above

A. . What is the most common histologic subtype of renal sarcomas?

B. rhabdomyosarcoma

C. nephrosarcoma

D. leiomyosarcoma

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What is false regarding multiloculated cystic nephromas?

A. they follow a benign clinical course

B. they have a bimodal age distribution

C. they are more common in men than in women

D. none of the above

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4

What is the proper terminology of a renal cyst with the following characteristics: well-marginated, anechoic, with thin visible back wall, positive posterior acoustic enhancement, no septations, and no calcifications?

A. hyperattenuating renal cyst

B. solitary renal cyst

C. uncomplicated renal cyst

D. focal renal cyst

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What type of renal adenomas is a precursor to papillary RCC?

A. adenoma with clear cell

B. papillary adenoma

C. metanephric adenoma

D. none of the above

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Regarding simple renal cysts, fluid attenuation on non-contrast CT series is:

A. < - 10 HU

B. < - 20 HU

C. < 10 HU

D. < 20 HU

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d. neurosarcoma

A. . What is false concerning targeted molecular therapy?

B. is a personalized medical therapy devised to meet each persons individual needs for cancer`s specifications

C. treats cancer by interrupting unique molecular abnormalities that drive cancer growth

D. some cancer types have different molecular targets

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d. none of the above

A. . What is NOT an indication for simple nephrectomy?

B. symptomatic chronic renal infection with poor function

C. some cases of renovascular hypertension

D. symptomatic calculus disease with poor renal function

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4

What is false concerning renal malignancy?

A. RCC occurs in < 5% of patients with tuberous sclerosis

B. in glomerulocystic kidney disease, renal tumors are typically solitary, large, with central necrosis

C. in Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, renal tumors are frequently bilateral and multicentric

D. in acquired cystic disease, tumors are commonly bilateral, and metastatic in 15% of cases

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The diagnosis of renal adenoma is commonly made:

A. at autopsy

B. by staining positive for human melanoma black (HMB)-45

C. by fine-needle aspiration cytology

D. by exclusion

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After radical nephrectomy for organ-confined RCC, what is (are) the recommended surveillance radiologic examination(s)?

A. chest X-ray and abdominal ultrasonography every 3 months for the first year, and then annually for 3 years

B. annual chest X-ray for 3 years

C. abdominal and chest CT every 6 months for the first year, and then annually for 3 years

D. no radiological examination required

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4

What is false concerning end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

A. ARPKD accounts for 5% of ESRD in children

B. more than one-half of patients with ARPKD require kidney transplant before age 20 years

C. ADPKD is a common cause of ESRD

D. uncommonly, juvenile nephronophthisis causes ESRD in children

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What is the likelihood that Bosniak type III renal cysts accompany malignant masses?

A. never

B. unlikely

C. likely

D. always

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d. prior to kidney transplant

A. . What is an indication for radical nephrectomy?

B. a 6-cm, polar tumor

C. bilateral RCC

D. locally advanced RCC

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The etiology of renal cysts includes all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)

B. developmental cystic renal disease

C. inherited cystic renal disease

D. systemic disease with associated renal cysts

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d. 30 - 40%

A. . What is false concerning imaging studies for preoperative evaluation of RCC case?

B. in case of bone pain or elevated serum calcium and/or alkaline phosphatase levels, an isotopic bone scan is required

C. renal arteriography accurately localizes central scaring and tumor necrosis

D. trans-esophageal echocardiography helps assess vena caval and right atrial tumor thrombi

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What type of Bosniak renal cysts accompanies tumor masses in 5% of cases?

A. I

B. II

C. III

D. IV