DTPA
DMSA
gallium-67
MAG-3
C. gallium-67
hyperechoic
hypoechoic
isoechoic
anechoic
nuclear medicine
ultrasonography
X-ray fluoroscopy
intravenous urography
extension of the tumor to the diaphragm
extension of the tumor to the right atrium
the density of calcifications
the amount and bilaterality of cysts formation
evaluating a probable bladder rupture
evaluating a probable colovesical or vesicovaginal fistulae
evaluating a probable intravesical pathology
evaluating a probable bladder diverticula
take urine acidifiers
withhold metformin the day before the study and restart 48 hrs. later
get premedicated by steroids and antihistamines
decrease metformin dose and turn to insulin
can be mistaken for a ureteral stone
is a small single, usually spiky, calcification within a vein
the amount of phleboliths increases with age
appears more often on the left than on the right side of the pelvis
dark
intermediate
bright
none of the above
repeated febrile UTI in children
evaluating a probable posterior urethral valve
a & b
none of the above
evaluation of probable ureteral obstruction
in conjunction with ureteroscopy
evaluation of hematuria
evaluation of probable ureterovesical reflux
0 minute
5 minutes
10 minutes
renal parenchyma does not appear on IVU
intratesticular hematoma
testicular abscess
orchitis
sex cord stromal tumors
epinephrine
atropine
hydrocortisone
antihistamine
reliable tool to exclude urinary calculi
calcifications at renal area might lead to the discovery of renal cancers
can detect soft tissues
fecoliths and phleboliths could be mistaken for calculi
DTPA
DMSA
gallium-67
MAG-3
air
water
fat
bone
grey-scale
simultaneous bilateral views
color Doppler
power Doppler
small non-obstructive calculi might be missed at MRU performed for the evaluation of hematuria
in pediatrics, performing a dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging helps in evaluating crossing vessels in the setting of UPJ obstruction
the success of static-fluid MR urography depends on the presence of fluid within the urinary system regardless of renal function
MRU at 3T, carries the risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
prominent columns of Bertin
xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis
lymphoma
renal infarction
hippuran I-131
technetium-99m
gallium-67
indium-111labelled WBC
MRI
CT
ultrasound
all are comparable
preparation for donor nephrectomy
advanced RCC in the right kidney
renal artery stenosis
oncocytoma in the left kidney
seminoma
embryonal cell tumor
mixed germ cell tumor
epidermoid cyst
renal tuberculosis
renal abscess
renal cell carcinoma
angiomyolipoma
peripheral zone of the prostate
ejaculatory duct
tip of the right seminal vesicle
tip of the left lateral lobe of the prostate
an elimination T ½ < 10 minutes indicates obstructed system
the diuretic must be given at the maximum kidney activity
If ureteral stents are in place, the bladder catheter must be unclamped
99mTc-MAG3 is the agent of choice to study differential renal function and obstruction
coning at the bulbar urethra is normal
segmental narrowing at bulbar urethra is normal
multiple round filling defects could be air bubbles
indicated in urethral trauma cases
DTPA provides better quality images with renal insufficiency
by giving captopril, MAG3 plasma clearance declines in hypertensive patients with renal artery stenosis but rises in those who do not have the disease
DTPA provides an excellent measurement of GFR
in pediatrics, MAG3 provides better quality images than DTPA
hypoechoic
hyperechoic
anechoic
isoechoic
more than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2
more than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2
more than 90 mL/min/1.73 m2
none of the above
mechanical waves
radar waves
microwaves
radio waves