2-stroke petrol engine
4-stroke petrol engine
Diesel engine
Steam turbine
D. Steam turbine
Napthene
Tetra ethyl lead
Amyl nitrate
Hexadecane
Chemically correct air-fuel ratio by weight
Chemically correct air-fuel ratio by volume
Actual air-fuel ratio for maximum efficiency
None of the above
Spark
Injected fuel
Heat resulting from compressing air that is supplied for combustion
Ignition
Lean
Rich
Chemically correct
None of these
80°C
120°C
180°C
240°C
Controlling valve opening/closing
Governing
Injection
Carburetion
Scavenging
Detonation
Supercharging
Polymerisation
Theoretical power
Actual power
Indicated power
None of these
Opens at 15° after top dead centre and closes at 20° before bottom dead centre
Opens at 15° before top dead centre and closes at 20° after top dead centre
Opens at top dead centre and closes at bottom dead centre
May open and close anywhere
Uniform throughout the mixture
Chemically correct mixture
About 35% of rich mixture
About 10% of rich mixture
Same
Lower
Higher
None of these
Cetane number
Octane number
Calorific value
None of these
0.001 second
0.002 second
0.003 second
0.004 second
0.2 kg
0.25 kg
0.3 kg
0.35 kg
Air only
Petrol only
A mixture of petrol and air
None of these
Feeding more fuel
Heating incoming air
Scavenging
Supercharging
Low heat value of oil
High heat value of oil
Net calorific value of oil
Calorific value of fuel
Increase efficiency
Increase power
Reduce weight and bulk for a given output
Effect fuel economy
Starts at top dead centre and ends at bottom dead centre
Starts at 30° before top dead centre and ends at 50° before bottom dead centre
Starts at 30° after top dead centre and ends at 50° after bottom dead centre
May start and end anywhere
Pre-ignition
Detonation
Ignition delay
Auto-ignition
Enhance flow rate
Control air flow
Induce primary swirl
Induce secondary turbulence
9 : 1
12 : 1
15 : 1
18 : 1
Increase
Decrease
Remain same
None of these
Minimum turbulence
Low compression ratio
High thermal efficiency and power output
Low volumetric efficiency
500-1000°C
1000-1500°C
1500-2000°C
2000-2500°C
130°
180°
230°
270°
Cetane number
Octane number
Calorific value
All of these
Hit and miss governing
Qualitative governing
Quantitative governing
Combination of (B) and (C)
Diesel engines
Gas turbines
Petrol engines
Aircraft engines
Half
Same
Double
Four times