granular
hyaline
waxy
pigment
B. hyaline
increasing vaginal secretions
decreasing vaginal pH
increasing normal vaginal flora
decreasing bacterial adherence
retinal hemangioblastoma
ureteral atresia
pheochromocytomas
multiple cysts in the pancreas and kidneys
central then transitional
peripheral then transitional
peripheral then central
transitional then central
vas deferens
seminal vesicles
appendix epididymis
appendix testis
79.54
44.19
84.15
94.25
pituitary adenoma
adrenal adenoma
Kallmann syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome
inherited chromosomal-mediated resistance
acquired chromosomal-mediated resistance
extrachromosomal-mediated resistance
all of the above
internal and external iliac
superficial inguinal
deep inguinal
superficial and deep inguinal
zinc
fructose
prostate-specific antigen
alkaline phosphatase
uretero-pelvic junction
uretero-vesical junction
where ureters cross the pelvic brim
where ureters cross the common iliac bifurcation
protease
lyase
carboxylase
hydrolase
100
50
10
5
testes
prostate
seminal vesicles
bulbourethral glands
estradiol
DHT
FSH
testosterone
ureteral atresia
vesicoureteral reflux
ureteropelvic junction obstruction
ureteral duplication
Watson plexus
capsular arteries and veins
inferior vesical and midrectal vessels
Santorini plexus
middle rectal
inferior vesical
a & b
none of the above
the renal pelvis could be intra or extra renal
the renal pelvis divides into 2 or 3 major calyces
major calyces divide into 2 or 3 minor calyces
unlike lateral calyces, polar calyces are often paired
type 1
type 2
type 3
type 4
perineal membrane
deep transverse perineal muscle
urethral sphincter
Camper`s fascia
aminoglycosides
αantipseudomonal penicillins
cephalosporins
fluoroquinolones
at birth
2 years
at puberty
none of the above
catalase activity of erythrocytes
peroxidase activity of erythrocytes
lyase activity of erythrocytes
none of the above
depends on the ability of hemoglobin to oxidize a chromogen indicator
negative results need to be confirmed by microscopic examination
has a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 75%
the presence of many epithelial cells suggests skin or vaginal contamination
5 6 yrs.
7 8 yrs.
9 10 yrs.
11 12 yrs.
Staphylococcus epidermidis in the urine
dried urate crystals on the diaper
Adenovirus 11 in the urine
Candidiasis in the urine
azoospermia; normal FSH; increase LH
azoospermia; decrease FSH; normal LH
oligospermia; increase FSH; normal LH
oligospermia; normal FSH; decrease LH
hepatic toxicity
renal toxicity
neural toxicity
cardiac toxicity
central zone
peripheral zone
transitional zone
fibromuscular stroma
are cross ectopic
are at their normal position
travel with the kidneys
undergo ischemic atrophy