1000+ Anatomy of flowering plant MCQ for NEET [Solved]

1. During the formation of leaves and elongation of stem, some cells left behind from the shoot apical meristem, constitute the
A. lateral meristem
B. axillary bud
C. cork cambium
D. fascicular cambium
Answer : B

2. Sclerenchyma usually___________and_____________ protoplasts.
A. live, without
B. dead, with
C. live, with
D. dead, without
Answer : D

3. The given figure shows the T.S of dicot root. Some parts are marked as A, B, C, D, E, & F. Choose the option which shows the correct labelling of marked part.

A. A Epiblema, B Root hair, C Cortex, D Endodermis, E Pith, F Pericycle
B. A Cortex, B Pith, C Epiblema, D Endodermis, E Root hair, F Pericycle
C. A Epiblema, B Endodermis, C Cortex, D Root hair, E Pith, F Pericycle
D. A Cortex, B Epiblema, C Pith, D Endodermis, E Root hair, F Pericycle
Answer : D

4. The vessel elements of angiosperms differ from other elements of xylem in having
A. simple pits on their radial walls.
B. bordered pits on their lateral walls.
C. simple and bordered pits on their end walls.
D. simple perforation on their end walls.
Answer : D

5. The apical meristem of the root is present
A. in all the roots.
B. only in radicals.
C. only in tap roots.
D. only in adventitious roots.
Answer : A

6. A common structural feature of vessel elements and sieve tube elements are
A. pores on lateral walls.
B. presence of p-protein.
C. enucleate condition.
D. thick secondary walls.
Answer : C

7. Lignin is the important constituent in the cell wall of
A. phloem
B. parenchyma
C. xylem
D. cambium
Answer : C

8. Which of the following statements are correct ?

1. Xylem transports water and minerals.
2. Gymnosperms lack sieve tubes and companion cells in phloem.
3. The first formed primary xylem is called metaxylem.
4. Phloem fibres (bast fibres) are made up of collenchymatous cells.

A. (i) and (iii)
B. (i) and (ii)
C. (iii) and (iv)
D. (i) and (iv)
Answer : B

9. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct ?

1. Uneven thickening of cell wall is characteristic of sclerenchyma.
2. Periblem forms cortex of the stem and the root.
3. Tracheids are the chief water transporting elements in gymnosperms.
4. Companion cell is devoid of nucleus at maturity.
5. The commercial cork is obtained from Quercus suber.

A. (i) and (iv) only
B. (ii) and (v) only
C. (iii) and (iv) only
D. (ii), (iii) and (v) only
Answer : D

10. Match the names of the structures given in column-I with the functions given in column-II, choose the answer which gives the correct combination of the two columns :

Column-I	Column-II
(Structure)	(Function)
A. Stomata	I. Protection of stem
B. Bark	II. Plant movement
C. Cambium	III. Secondary growth
D. Cuticle	IV. Transpiration
V. Prevent the loss of water	...

A. A V, B III, C I, D IV
B. A I, B IV, C V, D III
C. A II, B IV, C I, D III
D. A IV, B I, C III, D V
Answer : D

11. Which of the following pair of match is not correct?
A. Pith - Large and well developed in monocotyledonous root.
B. Root hairs - Helps in preventing water loss due to transpiration
C. Sieve tube elements - Its functions are controlled by the nucleus of companion cells.
D. Stomatal apparatus - Consists of stomatal aperture, guard cells and surrounding subsidiary cells
Answer : A

12. Some vascular bundles are described as open because these
A. are surrounded by pericycle but not endodermis.
B. are capable of producing secondary xylem and phloem.
C. possess conjunctive tissue between xylem and phloem.
D. are not surrounded by pericycle.
Answer : B

13. The __________ occurs in layers below the epidermis in dicotyledonous plants.
A. parenchyma
B. sclerenchyma
C. collenchyma
D. aerenchyma
Answer : C

14. In an experiment, a student cut a transverse section of young stem of a plant which he has taken from his school garden.
After observing it under the microscope how would he ascertain whether it is a monocot stem or a dicot stem?
A. With the help of bulliform cells.
B. With the help of casparian strips.
C. With the help of vascular bundles.
D. With the help of stomatal apparatus.
Answer : C

15. Which type of plant tissue is being described by the given statements?

1. It consists of long, narrow cells with thick and lignified cell walls having a few or numerous pits.
2. They are dead and without protoplasts.
3. On the basis of variation in form, structure, origin and development, it may be either fibres or sclereids.
4. It provides mechanical support to organs.

A. Parenchyma
B. Sclerenchyma
C. Collenchyma
D. Chlorenchyma
Answer : B

16. In stems, the protoxylem lies towards the _____________ and the metaxylem lies towards the ____________ of the organ.
A. cetre; periphery
B. periphery; centre
C. periphery; periphery
D. centre; centre
Answer : A

17. In the given figure of phloem tissue, identify the marked part (A, B and C) which help in maintaining the pressure gradient
in the sieve tubes.

A. A
B. B
C. C
D. None of the above
Answer : C

18. The length of different internodes in a culm of sugarcane is variable because of
A. size of leaf lamina at the node below each internode
B. intercalary meristem
C. shoot apical meristem
D. position of axillary buds
Answer : B

19. A vascular bundle in which the protoxylem is pointing to the periphery is called __________.
A. endarch
B. exarch
C. radial
D. closed
Answer : B

20. Match column-I with column-II and choose the correct option.

Column -I	Column -II
A. Bulliform cells	I. Initiation of lateral roots
B. Pericycle	II. Root
C. Endarch xylem	III. Grasses
D. Exarch xylem	IV. Dicot leaf
E. Bundle sheath cells	V. Stem

A. A III, B V, C IV, D I, E II
B. A II, B V, C I, D III, E IV
C. A II, B IV, C I, D III, E V
D. A III, B I, C V, D II, E IV
Answer : D

21. Various functions like photosynthesis, storage, excretion performed by _____________.
A. sclerenchyma
B. parenchyma
C. collenchyma
D. aerenchyma
Answer : B

22. As secondary growth proceeds, in a dicot stem, the thickness of
A. sapwood increases.
B. heartwood increase.
C. both sapwood and heartwood increases.
D. both sapwood and heartwood remains the same.
Answer : C

23. Cambium is considered as a lateral meristem because
A. it gives rise to lateral branches.
B. it causes increase in girth.
C. it increases height and diameter of a plant.
D. it adds bulk to a plant.
Answer : B

24. Which of the following is responsible for the formation of an embryonic shoot called axillary bud?
A. Lateral meristem
B. Apical meristem
C. Intercalary meristem
D. Both
Answer : C

25. The given diagrams show stomatal apparatus in dicots and monocots. Which one is correct option for A, B and C?

A. A Epidermal cells; B Subsidiary cells; C chloroplast
B. A Guard cells; B Subsidiary cells; C Stomatal pore
C. A Guard cells; B Epidermal cells; C Guard cells
D. A Epidermal cells; B Subsidiary cells; C Guard cells
Answer : D

26. Why grafting is successful in dicots ?
A. In dicots vascular bundles are arranged in a ring.
B. Dicots have cambium for secondary growth.
C. In dicots vessels with elements are arranged end to end.
D. Cork cambium is present in dicots
Answer : B

27. Identify the types of simple tissue indicated by A, B, C and D and their function.

A. A Parenchyma, Photosynthesis, Storage and Secretion.
B. B Sclerenchyma Scleriods; Transport food material
C. C Collenchyma; Provides mechanical support to organs.
D. D Sclerenchyma Fibres; Provide Mechanical support to the growing parts of the plant such as young stem and petiole of a leaf.
Answer : A

28. Which of the following figure is a type of permanent tissue having many different types of cell?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer : C

29. A piece of wood having no vessels (trachea) must be belonged to
A. teak
B. mango
C. pine
D. palm
Answer : C

30. One of the primary function of the ground tissue in a plant is
A. photosynthesis.
B. to protect the plant.
C. to anchor the plant.
D. water and sugar conduction.
Answer : A

31. Cork is formed from
A. phellogen
B. vascular cambium
C. phloem
D. xylem
Answer : A

32. The given figure shows apical meristem of root apex with few part marked as A, B and C. Identify the correct labelling of A, B and C.

A. A Vascular structure, B Protoderm, C Root cap
B. A Cortex, B Endodermis, C Root cap
C. A Cortex, B Protoderm, C Root cap
D. A Tunica, B Protoderm, C Root cap
Answer : C

33. Apical and intercalary meristems are primary meristems because
A. they occur in the mature region of roots and shoots of many plants.
B. they made up of different kinds of tissues.
C. they involved in secondary growth.
D. they appear early in life of a plant and contribute to te formation of the primary plant body.
Answer : D

34. T.S. of monocot leaf is given below, certain parts have been marked by alphabets (A G). Which one is the option showing there correct labelling?

A. A Adaxial epidermis, B Xylem, C Mesophyll, D Sub-stomatal cavity, E Abaxial epidermis, F Stoma, G Phloem
B. A Adaxial epidermis, B Abaxial epidermis, C Xylem, D Sub-stomatal cavity, E Stoma, F Mesophyll, G Phloem
C. A Adaxial epidermis, B Phloem, C Mesophyll, D Sub-stomatal cavity, E Abaxial epidermis, F Xylem, G Stoma
D. A Adaxial epidermis, B Xylem, C Stoma, D Substomatal cavity, E Abaxial epidermis, F Phloem, G Mesophyll
Answer : A

35. Which of following helps bamboo and grasses to elongate ?
A. Apical meristems
B. Lateral meristems
C. Secondary meristems
D. Intercalary meristems
Answer : D

36. A narrow layer of thin walled cells found between phloem/ bark and wood of a dicot is
A. cork cambium
B. vascular cambium
C. endodermis
D. both (a) & (c)
Answer : B

37. In the given columns, column I contain structures of female reproductive system and column II contain its feature. Select the correct match.

Column-I	Column-II
A. Lateral meristem	(i) Fascicular vascular cambium, interfascicular cambium and cork cambium.
B. Apical meristem	(ii) Produces dermal tissue, ground tissues and vascular tissue.
C. Bast fibres	(iii) Generally absent in primary phloem but found in secondary phloem.
D. Sap wood	(iv) Involved in the conduction of water and minerals from the root to leaf.

A. A - (i), B - (ii), C - (iii), D - (iv)
B. A - (iii), B - (i), C - (ii), D - (iv)
C. A - (i), B - (iv), C - (iii), D - (ii)
D. A - (ii), B - (iv), C - (iii), D - (i)
Answer : A

38. T.S. of dicot leaf passing through the midrib is given below. Certain parts have been marked by alphabets (A to H). Choose the option showing their correct labelling.

A. A Epidermis, B Spongy mesophyll, C Palisade mesophyll, D Stomata, E Guard cells, F Phloem, G Metaxylem, H Protoxylem
B. A Epidermis, B Palisade mesophyll, C Spongy mesophyll, D Sub-stomatal cavity, E Stoma, F Phloem, G Xylem, H Bundle sheath
C. A Epidermis, B Palisade mesophyll, C Spongy mesophyll, D Stomata, E Guard cells, F Epidermis, G Xylem, H Phloem
D. A Epidermis, C Palisade mesophyll, C Spongy mesophyll, D Stomata, E Guard cells, F Phloem, G Metaxylem, H Protoxylem
Answer : B

39. Trees at sea do not have annual rings because
A. soil is sandy.
B. there is climatic variation.
C. there is no marked climatic variation.
D. there is enough moisture in the atmosphere.
Answer : C

40. When we peel the skin of a potato tuber, we remove
A. periderm
B. epidermis
C. cuticle
D. leaves
Answer : A

41. Read the following statements and answer the question.

1. Cambium is very active and produces a large number of xylary elements having vessels with wider cavities.
2. It is also called early wood.
3. It is lighter in colour and has lower density.

Which type of wood is described by the above statements?
A. Sap wood
B. Heart wood
C. Spring wood
D. Autumn wood
Answer : C

42. Read the following statements and answer the question.

1. It has a sclerenchymatous hypodermis, a large number of scattered vascular bundles and a large parenchymatous ground tissue.
2. Vascular bundles are conjoint and closed.
3. Peripheral vascular bundles are generally smaller than the centrally located ones.
4. Phloem parenchyma is absent, and water- containing cavities are present within the vascular bundles.

Which plant anatomy is being described by the above statements?
A. Dicotyledonous root
B. Monocotyledonous root
C. Dicotyledonous stem
D. Monocotyledonous stem
Answer : D

43. Tissues are classified into two main groups, namely meristematic and permanent tissues on the basis of
A. whether the cells being able to divide or not.
B. position of the cells.
C. whether they are living or dead.
D. none of the above
Answer : A

44. Bast fibres are made up of _____________cells.
A. sclerenchymatous
B. chlorenchymatous
C. parenchymatous
D. aerenchymatous
Answer : A

45. Which of the following are present in monocot root ?
A. conjoint, collateral, open polyarch vascular bundle.
B. exodermis, endarch, tetrarch closed vascular bundles.
C. suberized exodermis, casparian strip, passage cells, cambium.
D. suberized exodermis, polyarch xylem, pith.
Answer : D

46. Main function of lenticel is
A. transpiration
B. guttation
C. gaseous exchange
D. both (a) & (c)
Answer : A

47. Phellogen and phellem respectively denote
A. cork and cork cambium,
B. cork cambium and cork,
C. secondary cortex and cork,
D. cork and secondary cortex,
Answer : B

48. Tissue(s) present in an annual ring is/are
A. secondary xylem and phloem.
B. primary xylem and phloem.
C. secondary xylem only.
D. primary phloem and secondary xylem.
Answer : C

49. Which of the followin statements is correct?
A. Lenticels occur in most woody trees.
B. Sclerenchymatous cells are usually present in cortex.
C. The vascular tissue system is divided into three main zones- cortex, pericycle and pith.
D. The conjoint vascular bundles usually have the xylem located only on the outer side of the phloem.
Answer : A

50. Match column-I with column-II and select the correct option from the codes given below.

Column-I	Column-II
A. Stele	I. Innermost layer of cortex
B. Endodermis	II. Suberin
C. Casparian strips	III. All the tissues exterior to vascular cambium
D. Bark	IV. All the tissues inner to endodermis

A. A IV, B I, C II, D III
B. A III, B II, C I, D IV
C. A I, B II, C III, D IV
D. A IV, B II, C I, D III
Answer : A