Anatomy of flowering plant MCQ Solved Paper for GATE

1. A piece of wood having no vessels (trachea) must be belonged to
A. teak
B. mango
C. pine
D. palm
Answer : C

2. Match column-I with column-II and choose the correct option.

Column -I	Column -II
A. Bulliform cells	I. Initiation of lateral roots
B. Pericycle	II. Root
C. Endarch xylem	III. Grasses
D. Exarch xylem	IV. Dicot leaf
E. Bundle sheath cells	V. Stem

A. A III, B V, C IV, D I, E II
B. A II, B V, C I, D III, E IV
C. A II, B IV, C I, D III, E V
D. A III, B I, C V, D II, E IV
Answer : D

3. A tissue is a group of cells which are
A. similar in origin, but dissimilar in form and function.
B. dissimilar in origin, form and function.
C. dissimilar in origin, but similar in form and function.
D. similar in origin, form and function.
Answer : D

4. Which meristem helps in increasing girth?
A. Lateral meristem
B. Intercalary meristem
C. Primary meristem
D. Apical meristem
Answer : A

5. Trees at sea do not have annual rings because
A. soil is sandy.
B. there is climatic variation.
C. there is no marked climatic variation.
D. there is enough moisture in the atmosphere.
Answer : C

6. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct ?

1. Uneven thickening of cell wall is characteristic of sclerenchyma.
2. Periblem forms cortex of the stem and the root.
3. Tracheids are the chief water transporting elements in gymnosperms.
4. Companion cell is devoid of nucleus at maturity.
5. The commercial cork is obtained from Quercus suber.

A. (i) and (iv) only
B. (ii) and (v) only
C. (iii) and (iv) only
D. (ii), (iii) and (v) only
Answer : D

7. Which of the following process helps the trichomes in preventing water loss?
A. Where companion cells helps in maintaining the pressure gradient in the sieve tubes.
B. Where plants absorb water through the roots and then give off water vapor through pores in their leaves.
C. Where activity of cork cambium builds pressure on the remaining layers peripheral to phellogen and ultimately these layers dies and slough off.
D. None of the above
Answer : B

8. Which of the following pair of match is not correct?
A. Pith - Large and well developed in monocotyledonous root.
B. Root hairs - Helps in preventing water loss due to transpiration
C. Sieve tube elements - Its functions are controlled by the nucleus of companion cells.
D. Stomatal apparatus - Consists of stomatal aperture, guard cells and surrounding subsidiary cells
Answer : A

9. In stems, the protoxylem lies towards the _____________ and the metaxylem lies towards the ____________ of the organ.
A. centre; periphery
B. periphery; centre
C. periphery; periphery
D. centre; centre
Answer : A

10. Which one of the following statement is incorrect ?

1. Epidermal cell has small amount of cytoplasm and a large vacuole.
2. Waxy cuticle layer is absent in roots.
3. Root hairs are unicellular, while stem hairs / trichomes are multicellular.
4. Trichomes may be branched or unbranched, soft or stiff and prevent transpiration.
5. Guard cells are dumbell shaped in dicots and beanshaped in monocots (e.g. grass).

A. Only (i)
B. Only (iv)
C. Only (iii)
D. Only (v)
Answer : D

11. Lignin is the important constituent in the cell wall of
A. phloem
B. parenchyma
C. xylem
D. cambium
Answer : C

12. T.S. of monocot leaf is given below, certain parts have been marked by alphabets (A G). Which one is the option showing there correct labelling?

A. A Adaxial epidermis, B Xylem, C Mesophyll, D Sub-stomatal cavity, E Abaxial epidermis, F Stoma, G Phloem
B. A Adaxial epidermis, B Abaxial epidermis, C Xylem, D Sub-stomatal cavity, E Stoma, F Mesophyll, G Phloem
C. A Adaxial epidermis, B Phloem, C Mesophyll, D Sub-stomatal cavity, E Abaxial epidermis, F Xylem, G Stoma
D. A Adaxial epidermis, B Xylem, C Stoma, D Substomatal cavity, E Abaxial epidermis, F Phloem, G Mesophyll
Answer : A

13. Match the terms given in column I with their features given in column II and choose the correct option.

Column-I	Column-II
(Terms)	(Features)
A. Fibres	(i) Cells are living and thin walled with cellulosic cell wall, store food materials in the form of starch or fat
B. Sclereids	(ii) Main water conductive cells of the pteridophytes and the gymnosperms
C. Tracheids	(iii) Thick walled, elongated and pointed cells, generally occurring in groups
D. Vessels	(iv) Long cylindrical tube like structure and cells are devoid of protoplasm. Characteristic feature of angiosperms
E. Xylem parenchyma	(v) Reduced form of sclerenchyma cells with highly thickened lignified cellular walls that form small bundles of durable layers of tissue in most plants.

A. A - (i), B - (ii), C - (iii), D - (iv), E - (v)
B. A - (iii), B - (v), C - (ii), D - (iv), E - (i)
C. A - (iii), B - (i), C - (v), D - (ii), E - (iv)
D. A - (v), B - (iv), C - (iii), D - (i), E - (ii)
Answer : B

14. Sieve tubes are suited for translocation of food becaus they possess
A. bordered pits.
B. no ends walls.
C. broader lumen and perforated cross walls.
D. no protoplasm.
Answer : C

15. Why grafting is successful in dicots ?
A. In dicots vascular bundles are arranged in a ring.
B. Dicots have cambium for secondary growth.
C. In dicots vessels with elements are arranged end to end.
D. Cork cambium is present in dicots
Answer : B

16. In an experiment, a student cut a transverse section of young stem of a plant which he has taken from his school garden.
After observing it under the microscope how would he ascertain whether it is a monocot stem or a dicot stem?
A. With the help of bulliform cells.
B. With the help of casparian strips.
C. With the help of vascular bundles.
D. With the help of stomatal apparatus.
Answer : C

17. Which type of plant tissue is being described by the given statements?

1. It consists of long, narrow cells with thick and lignified cell walls having a few or numerous pits.
2. They are dead and without protoplasts.
3. On the basis of variation in form, structure, origin and development, it may be either fibres or sclereids.
4. It provides mechanical support to organs.

A. Parenchyma
B. Sclerenchyma
C. Collenchyma
D. Chlorenchyma
Answer : B

18. A vascular bundle in which the protoxylem is pointing to the periphery is called __________.
A. endarch
B. exarch
C. radial
D. closed
Answer : B

19. Which of the following statements are correct ?

1. Xylem transports water and minerals.
2. Gymnosperms lack sieve tubes and companion cells in phloem.
3. The first formed primary xylem is called metaxylem.
4. Phloem fibres (bast fibres) are made up of collenchymatous cells.

A. (i) and (iii)
B. (i) and (ii)
C. (iii) and (iv)
D. (i) and (iv)
Answer : B

20. Match the followings and choose the correct option

Column-I	Column-II
A. Cuticle	I. Guard cells
B. Bulliform cells	II. Outer layer
C. Stomata	III. Waxy layer
D. Epidermis	IV. Empty colourless cell

A. A III, B IV, C I, D II
B. A I, B II, C III, D IV
C. A III, B II, C IV, D I
D. A III, B II, C I, D IV
Answer : A

21. During the formation of leaves and elongation of stem, some cells left behind from the shoot apical meristem, constitute the
A. lateral meristem
B. axillary bud
C. cork cambium
D. fascicular cambium
Answer : B

22. Which one of the following have vessels as their characteristic feature?
A. Angiosperms
B. Gymnosperms
C. Pteridophytes
D. Bryophytes
Answer : A

23. In land plants, the guard cells differ from other epidermal cells in having
A. cytoskeleton.
B. mitochondria.
C. endoplasmic reticulum.
D. chloroplasts.
Answer : D

24. Bast fibres are made up of _____________cells.
A. sclerenchymatous
B. chlorenchymatous
C. parenchymatous
D. aerenchymatous
Answer : A

25. Read the following statements and answer the question.

1. It has a sclerenchymatous hypodermis, a large number of scattered vascular bundles and a large parenchymatous ground tissue.
2. Vascular bundles are conjoint and closed.
3. Peripheral vascular bundles are generally smaller than the centrally located ones.
4. Phloem parenchyma is absent, and water- containing cavities are present within the vascular bundles.

Which plant anatomy is being described by the above statements?
A. Dicotyledonous root
B. Monocotyledonous root
C. Dicotyledonous stem
D. Monocotyledonous stem
Answer : D

26. Which of the following statement(s) is/are not correct?

1. Cork cambium is also called phellogen.
2. Cork is also called phellem.
3. Secondary cortex is also called periderm.
4. Cork cambium, cork and secondary cortex are collectively called phelloderm.

A. (iii) and (iv)
B. (i) and (ii)
C. (ii) and (iii)
D. (ii) and (iv)
Answer : A

27. Apical, intercalary and lateral meristems are differentiated on the basis of
A. origin
B. function
C. position
D. development
Answer : C

28. The given figures are types of elements (A and B) which constitute one type of complex tissue (c) of a plant . Identify A, B and C.

A. A Tracheid, B Vessel, C Xylem
B. A Vessel, B Tracheild, C Phloem
C. A Fibre, B Tracheid, C Bark
D. A Fibre, B Sclereid, C Casparian strips
Answer : A

29. Which of the following are present in monocot root ?
A. conjoint, collateral, open polyarch vascular bundle.
B. exodermis, endarch, tetrarch closed vascular bundles.
C. suberized exodermis, casparian strip, passage cells, cambium.
D. suberized exodermis, polyarch xylem, pith.
Answer : D

30. As secondary growth proceeds, in a dicot stem, the thickness of
A. sapwood increases.
B. heartwood increase.
C. both sapwood and heartwood increases.
D. both sapwood and heartwood remains the same.
Answer : C

31. Cok is formed from
A. phellogen
B. vascular cambium
C. phloem
D. xylem
Answer : A

32. Phellogen and phellem respectively denote
A. cork and cork cambium,
B. cork cambium and cork,
C. secondary cortex and cork,
D. cork and secondary cortex,
Answer : B

33. T.S. of dicot leaf passing through the midrib is given below. Certain parts have been marked by alphabets (A to H). Choose the option showing their correct labelling.

A. A Epidermis, B Spongy mesophyll, C Palisade mesophyll, D Stomata, E Guard cells, F Phloem, G Metaxylem, H Protoxylem
B. A Epidermis, B Palisade mesophyll, C Spongy mesophyll, D Sub-stomatal cavity, E Stoma, F Phloem, G Xylem, H Bundle sheath
C. A Epidermis, B Palisade mesophyll, C Spongy mesophyll, D Stomata, E Guard cells, F Epidermis, G Xylem, H Phloem
D. A Epidermis, C Palisade mesophyll, C Spongy mesophyll, D Stomata, E Guard cells, F Phloem, G Metaxylem, H Protoxylem
Answer : B

34. Gymnosperms are also called soft wood spermatophytes because they lack
A. cambium
B. phloem fibres
C. thick-walled tracheids
D. xylem fibres
Answer : D

35. Identify the types of simple tissue indicated by A, B, C and D and their function.

A. A Parenchyma, Photosynthesis, Storage and Secretion.
B. B Sclerenchyma Scleriods; Transport food material
C. C Collenchyma; Provides mechanical support to organs.
D. D Sclerenchyma Fibres; Provide Mechanical support to the growing parts of the plant such as young stem and petiole of a leaf.
Answer : A

36. Some vascular bundles are described as open because these
A. are surrounded by pericycle but not endodermis.
B. are capable of producing secondary xylem and phloem.
C. possess conjunctive tissue between xylem and phloem.
D. are not surrounded by pericycle.
Answer : B

37. The vessel elements of angiosperms differ from other elements of xylem in having
A. simple pits on their radial walls.
B. bordered pits on their lateral walls.
C. simple and bordered pits on their end walls.
D. simple perforation on their end walls.
Answer : D

38. Sclerenchyma usually___________and_____________ protoplasts.
A. live, without
B. dead, with
C. live, with
D. dead, without
Answer : D

39. An organised and differentiated cellular structure having cytoplasm but no nucleus is called _________.
A. vessels
B. xylem parenchyma
C. sieve tubes
D. tracheids
Answer : C

40. Match the elements of xylem given in column I with their character given in the column II and choose the correct option.

Column-I	Column-II
A. Xylem vessels	I. Store food materials
B. Xylem tracheids	II. Obliterated lumen
C. Xylem fibres	III. Perforated plates
D. Xylem parenchyma	IV. Chisel-like ends

A. A IV; B III; C II; D I
B. A III; B II; C I; D IV
C. A II; B I; C IV; D III
D. A III; B IV; C II; D I
Answer : D

41. The trees growing in desert will
A. show alternate rings of xylem and sclerenchyma.
B. have only conjunctive tissue and phloem is formed by the activity of cambium.
C. show distinct annual rings.
D. not show distinct annual rings.
Answer : D

42. The given figure shows the T.S of dicot root. Some parts are marked as A, B, C, D, E, & F. Choose the option which shows the correct labelling of marked part.

A. A Epiblema, B Root hair, C Cortex, D Endodermis, E Pith, F Pericycle
B. A Cortex, B Pith, C Epiblema, D Endodermis, E Root hair, F Pericycle
C. A Epiblema, B Endodermis, C Cortex, D Root hair, E Pith, F Pericycle
D. A Cortex, B Epiblema, C Pith, D Endodermis, E Root hair, F Pericycle
Answer : D

43. Which of the following is responsible for the formation of an embryonic shoot called axillary bud?
A. Lateral meristem
B. Apical meristem
C. Intercalary meristem
D. Both
Answer : C

44. A plant tissue when stained showed the presence of hemicellulose and pectin in cells wall of its cells. The tissue is called
A. collenchyma
B. sclerenchyma
C. xylem
D. meristem
Answer : A

45. In the given figure of phloem tissue, identify the marked part (A, B and C) which help in maintaining the pressure gradient
in the sieve tubes.

A. A
B. B
C. C
D. None of the above
Answer : C

46. Match column-I with column-II and choose the correct option.

A. Spring wood or	I. Lighter in colour early wood
B. Autumn wood or	II. High density late wood
..	III. Low density
..	IV. Darker in colour
..	V. Larger number of xylem elements
..	VI. Vessels with wider cavity
..	VII. Lesser number of xylem elements
..	VIII. Vessels with small cavity

Which of the following combination is correct ?
A.B. A I, II, VII, VIII; B III, IV, V, VI
C. A I, III, V, VI; B II, IV, VII, VIII
D. A I, III, VII, VIII; B II, IV, V, VI
Answer : C

47. One of the primary function of the ground tissue in a plant is
A. photosynthesis.
B. to protect the plant.
C. to anchor the plant.
D. water and sugar conduction.
Answer : A

48. Tissues are classified into two main groups, namely meristematic and permanent tissues on the basis of
A. whether the cells being able to divide or not.
B. position of the cells.
C. whether they are living or dead.
D. none of the above
Answer : A

49. Read the following statements and answer the question.

1. Cambium is very active and produces a large number of xylary elements having vessels with wider cavities.
2. It is also called early wood.
3. It is lighter in colour and has lower density.

Which type of wood is described by the above statements?
A. Sap wood
B. Heart wood
C. Spring wood
D. Autumn wood
Answer : C

50. T.S. of dicot stem is given below, certain parts have been marked by alphabets (A I). Choose the option which shows their correct labelling.

A. A Epidermis, B Epidermal hair, C Parenchyma, D Starch sheath, E Hypodermis (collenchyma), F Vascular bundle, G Bundle cap, H Medulla or pith, I Medullary rays
B. A Epidermal hair, B Epidermis, C Hypodermis (collenchyma), D Parenchyma, E Endoderm is (Starch Sheath), F Pericycle, G Vascular bundle, H Medullary rays, I Medulla or pith
C. A Epidermal hair, B Epidermis, C Hypodermis (collenchyma), D Starch sheath, E Parenchyma, F Vascular bundle, G Bundle cap, H Medulla or pith, I Medullary rays
D. A Epidermal hair, B Epidermis, C Parenchyma, D Hypodermis (collenchyma), E Starch sheath, F Vascular bundle, G Bundle cap, H Medulla or pith, I Medullary rays
Answer : B