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Cell - the unit of life MCQ Solved Paper for GRE

Thursday 9th of March 2023

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1. Which of the following pair are correctly matched ?
(I) Amyloplasts Store proteins
(II) Mitochondrion Power house of the cell
(III) Stroma Chlorophyll pigment
(IV) Axoneme 9 + 2 array
A. (I) and (III) only
B. (II), (III) and (IV) only
C. (III) and (IV) only
D. (II) and (IV) only
Answer : D
2. Identify the cell organelle given below. Which is an important site of formation of glyeoproteins & glycolipids
A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C. Golgi body
D. mitochondria
Answer : C
3. Golgi apparatus is absent in
A. higher plants
B. yeast
C. bacteria and blue-green algae
D. None of the above
Answer : C
4. The lipid component of the membrane mainly consists of __________.
A. polysaccharides
B. phosphoglyceride
C. monosaccharaides
D. both (a) and (c)
Answer : B
5. Which of the following statements is/are correct ?
  1. The endomembrane system includes plasma membrane, ER, Golgi complex, lysosomes and vacuoles.
  2. ER helps in the transport of substances, synthesis of proteins, lipoproteins and glycogen.
  3. Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis.
  4. Mitochondria help in oxidative phosphorylation and generation of ATP.
A. (ii), (iii) & (iv)
B. (i) only
C. (ii) only
D. (iii) only
Answer : A
6. The membrane of the erythrocytes has approximately ___% of proteins and ___% lipids.
A. 42, 50
B. 52, 40
C. 50, 50
D. 60, 40
Answer : B
7. Select the statements which are related to Schwann.
  1. He reported that cells have a thin outer layer which is today known as plasma membrane
  2. Cell wall is a unique character of the plant cell.
  3. Body of plants and animals are composed of cells and products of cells.
A. Only (i)
B. Only (iii)
C. (i) and (iii)
D. All of these
Answer : D
8. Which of the following will determines the shape of the cells and provides a strong structural support to prevent the bacterium from bursting or collapsing?
A. Plasmids
B. Cell wall
C. Mesosome
D. Cell membrane
Answer : B
9. Which of the following pair are correctly matched.
A. Microtubules Structural components of cilia
B. Centrioles Store hydrolytic enzymes
C. Amyloplasts Store oil protein and starch in plants
A. A, B and C
B. A and B
C. A
D. A and C
Answer : C
10. Match column-I (cell organelle) with column-II membrane and select the correct option from the codes given below.
Column-IColumn-II
A. MitochondriaI. Without membrane
B. LysosomesII. Single membrane
C. RibosomesIII. Double membrane
A. A - I, B - II, C - III
B. A - III, B - I, C - II
C. A - III, B - II, C - I
D. A - II, B - III, C - I
Answer : C
11. Match column-I with column-II and choose the correct option.
Column-IColumn-II
(Chromosome)(Position of Centromere)
A. MetacentricI. At the tip
B. SubmetacentricII. Almost near the tip
C. AcrocentricIII. At the middle
D. TelocentricIV. Slightly away from the middle
A. A III; B IV; C II; D I
B. A IV; B III; C II; D I
C. A I; B II; C III; D IV
D. A IV; B III; C I ; D II
Answer : A
12. Active transport differs from passive transport in that active transport
A. requires energy.
B. always requires input of ATP.
C. moves molecules against a concentration gradient.
D. both (a) and (c)
Answer : D
13. Golgi apparatus is concerned with
A. excretion
B. secretion
C. ATP synthesis
D. RNA synthesis
Answer : A
14. An organalle devoid of membrane covering is
A. vacuole
B. ribosome
C. peroxisome
D. lysosome
Answer : B
15. Which of the following cell organelles were discovered after the introduction of electron microscope?
A. Mitochondria
B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Ribosomes
D. Both (b) and (c)
Answer : D
16. Read the statements given below with regard to the functions performed by Golgi apparatus ?
  1. Transport and chemically modify the materials contained within it.
  2. Performs the function of packaging materials.
  3. Important site of formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids.

Which of the following is the correct answer ?
A. (i) is wrong but (ii) and (iii) are correct
B. (ii) is wrong but (i) and (iii) are correct
C. (ii) and (iii) are wrong but (i) is correct
D. All are correct.
Answer : D
17. Microtubules are absent in
A. mitochondria
B. centriole
C. flagella
D. spindle fibres
Answer : A
18. Identify the componens labelled A, B, C and D in the given section of cilia/flagella showing different parts. Choose the option which shows the correct labelling of parts.
A. A Plasma membrane, B Interdoublet bridge, C Central microtubule, D Radial spoke
B. A Plasma membrane, B Arm, C Central microtubule, D Radial spoke
C. A Plasma membrane, B Interdoublet bridge, C Hub, D Radial spoke
D. A Plasma membrane, B Interdoublet bridge, C Hub, D Arm
Answer : A
19. Satellite means
A. terminal part of the chromosome beyond secondary constriction.
B. terminal part of the chromosome beyond primary constriction.
C. terminal part of chromosome beyond tertiary constriction.
D. none of the above
Answer : A
20. Extension of plasma membrane in prokaryotic cell is
A. mesosome
B. haploid
C. ribosome
D. none of these
Answer : A
21. Choose the wrong statements regarding bacterial cell
  1. Glycocalyx is the outermost envelope in bacteria.
  2. The glycocalyx could be a loose sheath called capsule.
  3. The glycocalyx may be thick and tough called slime layer.
  4. A special structure formed by the plasma membrane is called mesosome.
  5. Small bristle like fibres sprouting out of the cell are called fimbriae.
A. (i) and (iii)
B. (i) and (ii)
C. (ii) and (iii)
D. (i) and (iv)
Answer : C
22. Protein synthesis in an animal cell occurs
A. on ribosomes present in cytoplasm as well as in mitochondria.
B. on ribosomes present in the nucleolus as well as in cytoplasm.
C. only on ribosomes attached to the nuclears envelope and endoplasmic reticulum.
D. only on the ribosomes present in cytosol.
Answer : A
23. Centrifugation of a cell results in the rupture of the cell membrane and the contents compacting into a pellets in the bottom of the centrifuge tube. Bathing this pellet with a glucose solution yields metabolic activity including the production of ATP. One of the contents of this pellet is most likely which of the following?
A. Cytosol
B. Mitochondria
C. Lysosomes
D. Golgi bodies
Answer : B
24. Match column-I with column-II and select the correct option.
Column - IColumn - II
A. Golgi apparatusI. Storage
B. MitochondriaII. Photosynthesis
C. VacuolesIII. Transport
D. GranaIV. Secretion
..V. Respiration
A. A - IV, B - V, C - I, D - II
B. A - I, B - II, C - IV, D - III
C. A - IV, B - I, C - II, D - III
D. A - I, B - II, C - III, D - IV
Answer : A
25. According to widely accepted fluid mosaic model cell membranes are semi-fluid, where lipids and integral proteins can diffuse randomly. In recent years, this model has been modified in several respects. In this regard, which of the following statements is incorrect?
A. Proteins in cell membranes can travel within the lipid bilayer.
B. Proteins can also undergo flip-flop movements in the lipid bilayer.
C. Proteins can remain confined within certain domains of the membrane.
D. Many proteins remain completely embedded within the lipid bilayer.
Answer : B
26. Plastids storing fat are called
A. Elaioplasts
B. Sphaerosomes
C. Aleuroplasts
D. Pyrenoids
Answer : A
27. Active transport across biomembrane involves
A. production of ATP
B. requirement of energy
C. production of toxin
D. release of energy
Answer : B
28. The fluidity of membranes in a plant in cold weather may be maintained by
A. increasing the number of phospholipids with unsaturated hydrocarbon tails.
B. increasing the proportion of integral proteins.
C. increasing concentration of cholesterol in membrane.
D. increasing the number of phospholipids with saturated hydrocarbon tail.
Answer : A
29. In the given figure of animal cell, one orginelle is marked as A. Select the correct identification and function of the organelle A from the given option.
A. Endoplasmic reticulum Synthesis of lipids.
B. Mitochondria Produce cellular energy in the form of ATP.
C. Golgi body Provides packaging material.
D. Lysosomes Secrete hydrolytic enzymes.
Answer : B
30. Which of the following pair lack the unit membrane?
A. Nucleus and E.R.
B. Mitochondria and chloroplast
C. Ribosome and nucleolus
D. Golgi body and lysosome
Answer : C
31. Match column-I and column-II and select the correct answer
Column-IColumn-II
A. Bacteria without wallsI. Lysosome
B. Small circular DNAII. Mycoplasma cells
C. Flattened sacs inIII. Thylakoid a chloroplast
D. A vesicle in whichIV. Plasmid hydrolytic enzymes are stored
A. A III; B IV; C II; D I
B. A II; B IV; C III; D I
C. A I; B II; C III; D IV
D. A IV; B III; C I ; D II
Answer : B
32. Identify the components labelled as A, B, C, D and E in the diagram given below from the list (i) to (viii).

  1. Cristae of mitochondria
  2. Inner membrane of mitochondria
  3. Cytoplasm
  4. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  5. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
  6. Mitochondrial matrix
  7. Ribosome
  8. Nucleus
A./strong> A - (viii), B - (v), C - (vii), D - (iii), E - (iv)
B. A - (i), B - (iv), C - (vii), D - (vi), E - (iii)
C. A - (vi), B - (v), C - (iv), D - (vii), E - (i)
D. A - (v), B - (i), C - (iii), D - (ii), E - (iv)
Answer : A
33. The cytoskeleton is a proteinaceous network of fibres in the cytoplasm. It is involved in
A. mechanical support.
B. motility.
C. maintenace of cell-shape.
D. all of the above
Answer : D
34. Which of the following statements are incorrect ?
  1. Plant cells have centrioles which are absent in almost all animal cells.
  2. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.
  3. The middle lamella is a layer mainly of calcium carbonate which holds the different neighbouring cells together.
  4. In animal cell, steroidal hormones are synthesized by smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Of the above statements
A. (i) and (iii)
B. (iii) and (iv)
C. (ii) and (iv)
D. (i) and (iv)
Answer : A
35. 9.A student was given cell samples (A and B) to identify parts which are highlighted. He observed the samples under the microscope and list down the function of the part of cell sample. The information collected by the student is listed in the table below, on the basis of which the student infers that the samples contain the organelles.
Sample ASample B
Make energy available for cellular metabolismGenerates ATP and synthes izes s ugar
Absent in cell that carry oxygen throughout the bodyPresent in plant cell
Called the energy currency of cellSource o f all the food energy

Explain why the samples were belonged to eukaryotic cell and not prokaryotic cell? Because,
A. eukaryotic cell have membrane bound organelles.
B. eukaryotic cell have non - membrane bound organelles.
C. eukaryotic cell are smaller and multiply more rapidly than prokaryotic cells.
D. eukaryotic cell are larger and multiply more rapidly than prokaryotic cells.
Answer : B
36. Both the membranes of mitochondrion are
A. structurally different but functionally similar.
B. structurally as well as functionally different.
C. structurally similar but functionally different.
D. structurally different but functionally similar.
Answer : B
37. Which of the following is absent in prokaryotes?
A. DNA
B. RNA
C. Plasma membrane
D. Mitochondria
Answer : D
38. You are asked to examine a cell using a powerful light microscope. The image you see has a clearly defined nucleus and mitochondria. It also has a large central vacuole and chloroplasts. From what group of organisms did this cell most likely come?
A. Bacteria
B. Protists
C. Fungi
D. Plants
Answer : D
39. Study the following statements on cilium or flagellum and answer the question.
  1. Cilium / Flagellum contains an outer ring of nine doublet microtubules surrounding two singlet microtubules.
  2. Cilia are smaller which work like oars, causing the movement of either the cells or surrounding fluid.
  3. Flagella are comparatively longer and responsible for cell movement.
  4. Cilium and flagellum are covered with plasma membrane.

Which of the above statements are correct?
A. (i) and (ii)
B. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
C. (i) and (iv)
D. (ii) and (iii)
Answer : B
40. Chromosomes having equal or almost equal arms are called
A. metacentric
B. acrocentric
C. polycentric
D. acentric.
Answer : A
41. Which of the following statements are correct?
A. Na+/K+ pump is an example of active transport.
B. In plant cells lipid like steroidal hormones are synthesized in SER.
C. In plant cells, the vacuoles can occupy up to 10% of the volume of the cell.
D. Chlorophyll and leucoplast are responsible for trapping light energy essential for photosynthesis.
Answer : A
42. Who proposed the theory that Cells arise only from the pre-existing cells?
A. Mohl
B. Virchow
C. Haeckel
D. Brown
Answer : B
43. 8.A student was given cell samples (A and B) to identify parts which are highlighted. He observed the samples under the microscope and list down the function of the part of cell sample. The information collected by the student is listed in the table below, on the basis of which the student infers that the samples contain the organelles.
Sample ASample B
Make energy available for cellular metabolismGenerates ATP and synthes izes s ugar
Absent in cell that carry oxygen throughout the bodyPresent in plant cell
Called the energy currency of cellSource o f all the food energy

Identify the part highlighted in the sample A and B and explain why they were called as semi-autonomous organelles?
A. Sample A - Mitochondria, Sample B - Chloroplast; because both the organelles are double membrane bound structure.
B. Sample A- Mitochondria, Sample B - Chloroplast; because they both are capable of synthesis of their own proteins only.
C. Sample A - Mitochondria, Sample B - Chloroplast; because they are capable of synthesis of their own proteins and contain their own DNA.
D. Sample A- Mitochondria, Sample B - Chloroplast; because they contain their own DNA to transfer the genetic information from one generation to another.
Answer : C
44. A component of cytoskeleton is
A. microtubule
B. bone
C. chitin
D. cartilage.
Answer : A
45. Match column I (cell type) with column II (size) and choose the correct option.
Column-IColumn-II
(Cell type)(Size)
A. VirusesI. 1-2 ??m
B. PPLOII. 10-20 ??m
C. Eukaryotic cellIII. About 0.1 ??m
D. BacteriumIV. 0.02 - 0.2 ??m
A. A I, B II, C III, D IV
B. A IV, B III, C II, D I
C. A I, B III, C II, D IV
D. A IV, B II, C III, D I
Answer : B
46. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
A. Cristae The tubular structure formed by the folding of the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.
B. Plasmodesmata The membrane surrounding the vacuole in plants.
C. Grana Membrane bound discs in chloroplasts that contain chlorophylls and carotenoids.
D. Middle lamella Layer between adjacent cells walls in plants derived from cell plate.
Answer : B
47. _______________ is the important site of formation of glycoproteins and golycolipids.
A. SER
B. Lysosome
C. Golgi apparatus
D. Mitochondria
Answer : C
48. Polysome is a chain of
A. oxysomes
B. sphaerosomes
C. ribosomes
D. dictyosomes
Answer : C
49. Axoneme with 9 + 2 microtubular arrangement occurs in
A. cilia
B. flagella
C. both (a) and (b)
D. centriole
Answer : C
50. In which of the following the cells are held together by a Ca-pectate layer?
A. Primary cell wall
B. Secondary cell wall
C. Middle lamella
D. Tertiary cell wall
Answer : C
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