Chemical Engineering Basics 1000+ MCQ with answer for ISRO Recruitment

1. Catalyst used in the 'catalytic converter' employed in automobile exhaust line for complete combustion/oxidation of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons is
A. Alumina
B. Platinum
C. Vanadium pentoxide
D. Iron oxide
Answer : B

2. Inertial forces are obtained, when the elastic forces are multiplied by __________ number.
A. Mach
B. Froude
C. Reynolds
D. Euler
Answer : A

3. Fire in fuel gas pipelines is extinguished most effectively by
A. Spraying water
B. Blanketting the area with nitrogen atmosphere
C. Fire fighting foam
D. None of these
Answer : B

4. Factor of safety is the ratio of the __________ stress to the working stress.
A. Tensile
B. Compressive
C. Yield
D. Bearing
Answer : C

5. Babbitt lining is used on brass/bronze bearings to increase the
A. Antifriction properties
B. Compressive strength
C. Bearing resistance
D. Wear resistance
Answer : D

6. Energy of the sun arises mainly from __________ reactions.
A. Fusion
B. Fission
C. Combustion
D. None of these
Answer : A

7. __________ joint is mostly used for joining pipes carrying water at low pressure.
A. Nipple
B. Socket
C. Union
D. Bell and spigot
Answer : B

8. Electrolytic reduction cell used for conversion of calcined Al₂O₃ to Al is a carbon lined furnace operating at 800-900 °C. The purpose of electric current supplied to the furnace is to
A. Achieve very high purity of aluminium (99.9%)
B. Keep the electrolyte in liquid condition by the generation of heat
C. Electrolytically dissociate alumina
D. Both (B) & (C)
Answer : D

9. On oscilloscope screen for dynamic measurement, lissajous diagram is normally used to determine the __________ of the input signal.
A. Frequency
B. Amplitude
C. Damping
D. None of these
Answer : A

10. Which of the following is not the commercial name of poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA)?
A. Styrofoam
B. Lucite
C. Perspex
D. Plexiglass
Answer : A

11. Which of the following heat treatment processes is usually applied to castings?
A. Tempering
B. Annealing
C. Normalising
D. Carburising
Answer : D

12. With increasing carbon percent in steel beyond 0.8%, its ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and __________ is not affected.
A. Impact strength
B. Percent elongation
C. Hardness
D. Both 'b' & 'c'
Answer : A

13. Pick out the correct statement.
A. Materials exhibiting high elasticity obey Hooke's law
B. The elastic behaviour of rubber under compression is the same as its behaviour under tension
C. The damping capacity of a material is due to its plastic deformation
D. The stress required to cause plastic flow in polycrystalline material is higher as compared to monocrystalline materials due to the presence of grains of different orientations
Answer : B

14. Pick out the wrong statement.
A. The X-rays cannot be deflected by electric field unlike cathode rays
B. The intensity of X-rays can be measured by ionisation current produced due to the ionisation of gas by X-rays
C. The quality of X-rays can be controlled by varying the anode-cathode voltage
D. Crystal structure of a material can be studied by an electron microscope
Answer : C

15. In chemical dehumidification of air
A. Both specific humidity & dry bulb temperature increases
B. Both specific humidity & dry bulb temperature decreases
C. Specific humidity decreases & dry bulb temperature increases
D. Specific humidity increases & dry bulb temperature decreases
Answer : C

16. A jet engine turbine blade is normally manufactured by
A. Forging
B. Shell moulding
C. Investment casting
D. Pressure die casting
Answer : C

17. Large diameter reinforced cement concrete (RCC) pipes are generally joined by __________ joint.
A. Flanged iron
B. Collar
C. Flexible
D. Expansion
Answer : B

18. Heating of ferromagnetic materials to a temperature above Curie temperature makes it
A. Insulator for heat & electricity transmission
B. Ferritic
C. Behave like paramagnetic materials
D. Superconductor
Answer : C

19. Strain hardening effect in a metal subjected to cold working is due to the __________ mechanism.
A. Fracture
B. Dislocation
C. Slip
D. Twinning
Answer : C

20. Glycerine is used as a coolant in cooling of some engines instead of water, because
A. Its higher boiling point (290°C) increases its heat carrying capacity
B. Comparatively less weight of coolant is required
C. Smaller radiator can be used
D. All a, b & c
Answer : D

21. L.D. (Linz-Donawitz) converter is used in the production of
A. Copper
B. Steel
C. Zinc
D. Aluminium
Answer : B

22. Metalloids
A. Are good conductor of heat & electricity
B. Act as electron donors with metals & as electron acceptor with non-metals
C. Are not necessarily solids at room temperature
D. Are compounds that exhibit both metallic & non-metallic properties to some extent and are exemplified by elements like germanium, silicon & boron
Answer : D

23. Percentage of differential pressure lost in a Venturimeter with a tapering of 15° may be about
A. 1
B. 10
C. 25
D. 50
Answer : B

24. In a drilling process, the metal is removed by both shearing & extrusion. General purpose drills are made of
A. Stainless steel
B. Mild steel
C. High speed steel
D. High carbon steel
Answer : C

25. Steel & cast iron pipes are produced by __________ casting.
A. Slush
B. Die
C. Investment
D. True centrifugal
Answer : D

26. Specific gravity of a metal, which weighs 5 kg in air and 4 kg when submerged in water, will be
A. 5
B. 1.25
C. 2.5
D. 3.75
Answer : A

27. The difference between gross & net calorific values of fuel is due to the
A. Sensible heat carried away by the flue gases
B. Heat carried away by the steam from the moisture content of the fuel
C. Heat lost by radiation
D. Heat carried away by steam from the combustion of hydrogen in the fuel
Answer : D

28. Use of economiser in a boiler plant reduces the fuel consumption for steam generation by about __________ percent.
A. 1
B. 10
C. 30
D. 50
Answer : B

29. Which of the following performance characteristics of a S.I engine is not affected by the front end volatility of the petrol used?
A. Vapour locking
B. Hot starting
C. Spark plug fouling
D. All 'a', 'b' & 'c'
Answer : C

30. Faraday's law of electrolysis is related to the
A. Cation speed
B. Atomic number of the cation
C. Equivalent mass of the electrolyte
D. None of these
Answer : C

31. Blast furnace slag is mainly molten
A. Sand
B. Magnesium silicate
C. Calcium silicate
D. Iron pyrite
Answer : C

32. Maximum consumption of limestone is in the __________ industry.
A. Iron and steel
B. Cement
C. Glass
D. Fertiliser
Answer : D

33. The substance used as a smoke screen in warfare is
A. C2H2
B. SiCl4
C. P2O5
D. PCl5
Answer : B

34. The minimum carbon content in steel should be __________ percent for it to respond to a hardening treatment.
A. 0.2
B. 0.4
C. 0.6
D. 0.8
Answer : A

35. Brittleness induced due to the presence of sulphur in steel can be reduced by adding
A. Manganese
B. Magnesium
C. Vanadium
D. Copper
Answer : A

36. In the blast furnace, incorporation of water vapour in the blast gives the following effect.
A. Increases the reducing potential of the gas
B. Increases the flame temperature
C. No significant change occurs
D. Increases the hydrogen content in the metal
Answer : A

37. Out of the following the refractive index is the highest for
A. Glass
B. Diamond
C. Brine
D. Kerosene
Answer : B

38. Sub zero treatment of steel is done to
A. Suppress martensite transformation
B. Enhance its working performance in sub zero atmosphere
C. Reduce the retained austenite in hardened steel
D. Induce temper brittleness after its hardening
Answer : C

39. Direct conversion of thermal energy to electrical energy is facilitated by the
A. Fuel cells
B. Photo voltaic cell
C. Magneto hydrodynamic generator
D. None of these
Answer : C

40. The thickness of oxide film is y at time t. If are the temperature dependent constants, the parabolic law of oxidation is given by
A.
B.
C.
D.
Answer : A

41. Suitability of steel for its use in cable is judged by its strength in
A. Tension
B. Compression
C. Torsion
D. Shear
Answer : A

42. The refrigerant freon-12 is chemically
A. CCl₂F₂
B. CCl₃F
C. CClF₃
D. CCl₄F
Answer : A

43. 'Cryogenics' is concerned with the generation & use of low temperature in the range of
A. 0°K to 123°K
B. 0°C to - 123°C
C. 0°C to - 273°C
D. 0°K to 273°K
Answer : A

44. Energy to be supplied to the radioactive nucleus for the emission of a neutron is __________ MeV.
A. 0.8
B. 7.8
C. 200
D. 10000
Answer : A

45. Austempering of steel requires it to be heated to 875°C followed by sudden cooling to 250-525°C, thereby changing austenite to
A. Sorbite
B. Bainite
C. Martensite
D. Troostite
Answer : B

46. Powder metallurgy is used to produce
A. High precision components with complex cavities and sharp features
B. Components of large size
C. Porosity free components
D. Components of such alloys whose constituents do not form alloys readily
Answer : C

47. __________ is a non volatile film forming constituent of a paint.
A. Thinner
B. Dryer
C. Drying oil
D. None of these
Answer : C

48. Mild steel has __________ crystal lattice structure.
A. Face centred cubic (fcc)
B. Body centred cubic (bcc)
C. Orthorhombic
D. Cubic
Answer : B

49. Uniform ramming of sand in green sand moulding process leads to
A. Reduced chance of gas porosity
B. Greater dimensional stability of the casting
C. Uniform flow of molten metal into the mould cavity
D. Less sand expansion type of casting defect
Answer : B

50. 'GASOHOL' widely used in Brazil as a motor fuel is a mixture of alcohol and
A. Petrol
B. LPG
C. Light hydrocarbon gases (e.g. butane or propane)
D. None of these
Answer : A