Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics 1000+ MCQ with answer for UPSC CSE
Thursday 9th of March 2023
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1. In the equation, PVn = constant, if the value of n = ± ?, then it represents a reversible __________ process.
A. Adiabatic
B. Isometric
C. Isentropic
D. Isothermal
Answer : B
A. Adiabatic
B. Isometric
C. Isentropic
D. Isothermal
Answer : B
2. Entropy, which is a measure of the disorder of a system, is:
A. Independent of pressure
B. Independent of temperature
C. Zero at absolute zero temperature for a perfect crystalline substance
D. All (A), (B) & (C)
Answer : C
A. Independent of pressure
B. Independent of temperature
C. Zero at absolute zero temperature for a perfect crystalline substance
D. All (A), (B) & (C)
Answer : C
3. Which law of the thermodynamics provides basis for measuring the thermodynamic property?
A. First law
B. Zeroth law
C. Third law
D. Second law
Answer : B
A. First law
B. Zeroth law
C. Third law
D. Second law
Answer : B
4. Pick out the correct statement.
A. Like internal energy and enthalpy, the absolute value of standard entropy for elementary substances is zero
B. Melting of ice involves increase in enthalpy and a decrease in randomness
C. The internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on its pressure
D. Maximum work is done under reversible conditions
Answer : D
A. Like internal energy and enthalpy, the absolute value of standard entropy for elementary substances is zero
B. Melting of ice involves increase in enthalpy and a decrease in randomness
C. The internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on its pressure
D. Maximum work is done under reversible conditions
Answer : D
5. In Joule-Thomson porous plug experiment, the
A. Enthalpy does not remain constant
B. Entire apparatus is exposed to surroundings
C. Temperature remains constant
D. None of these
Answer : D
A. Enthalpy does not remain constant
B. Entire apparatus is exposed to surroundings
C. Temperature remains constant
D. None of these
Answer : D
6. If two gases have same reduced temperature and reduced pressure, then they will have the same
A. Volume
B. Mass
C. Critical temperature
D. None of these
Answer : D
A. Volume
B. Mass
C. Critical temperature
D. None of these
Answer : D
7. The theoretical minimum work required to separate one mole of a liquid mixture at 1 atm, containing 50 mole % each of n- heptane and noctane into pure compounds each at 1 atm is
A. -2 RT ln 0.5
B. -RT ln 0.5
C. 0.5 RT
D. 2 RT
Answer : B
A. -2 RT ln 0.5
B. -RT ln 0.5
C. 0.5 RT
D. 2 RT
Answer : B
8. The change in __________ is equal to the reversible work for compression in steady state flow process under isothermal condition.
A. Internal energy
B. Enthalpy
C. Gibbs free energy
D. Helmholtz free energy
Answer : C
A. Internal energy
B. Enthalpy
C. Gibbs free energy
D. Helmholtz free energy
Answer : C
9. Pick out the wrong statement.
A. The net change in entropy in any reversible cycle is always zero
B. The entropy of the system as a whole in an irreversible process increases
C. The entropy of the universe tends to a maximum
D. The entropy of a substance does not remain constant during a reversible adiabatic change
Answer : D
A. The net change in entropy in any reversible cycle is always zero
B. The entropy of the system as a whole in an irreversible process increases
C. The entropy of the universe tends to a maximum
D. The entropy of a substance does not remain constant during a reversible adiabatic change
Answer : D
10. The minimum number of phases that can exist in a system is
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
Answer : B
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
Answer : B
11. An irreversible process
A. Is the analog of linear frictionless motion in machines
B. Is an idealised visualisation of behaviour of a system
C. Yields the maximum amount of work
D. Yields an amount of work less than that of a reversible process
Answer : D
A. Is the analog of linear frictionless motion in machines
B. Is an idealised visualisation of behaviour of a system
C. Yields the maximum amount of work
D. Yields an amount of work less than that of a reversible process
Answer : D
12. Pick out the correct statement.
A. If an insoluble gas is passed through a volatile liquid placed in a perfectly insulated container, the temperature of the liquid will increase
B. A process is irreversible as long as ? S for the system is greater than zero
C. The mechanical work done by a system is always equal to?P.dV
D. The heat of formation of a compound is defined as the heat of reaction leading to the formation of the compound from its reactants
Answer : D
A. If an insoluble gas is passed through a volatile liquid placed in a perfectly insulated container, the temperature of the liquid will increase
B. A process is irreversible as long as ? S for the system is greater than zero
C. The mechanical work done by a system is always equal to?P.dV
D. The heat of formation of a compound is defined as the heat of reaction leading to the formation of the compound from its reactants
Answer : D
13. Pick out the correct statement.
A. Entropy and enthalpy are path functions
B. In a closed system, the energy can be exchanged with the surrounding, while matter cannot be exchanged
C. All the natural processes are reversible in nature
D. Work is a state function
Answer : C
A. Entropy and enthalpy are path functions
B. In a closed system, the energy can be exchanged with the surrounding, while matter cannot be exchanged
C. All the natural processes are reversible in nature
D. Work is a state function
Answer : C
14. The necessary condition for phase equilibrium in a multiphase system of N components is that the
A. Chemical potentials of a given component should be equal in all phases
B. Chemical potentials of all components should be same in a particular phase
C. Sum of the chemical potentials of any given component in all the phases should be the same
D. None of these
Answer : A
A. Chemical potentials of a given component should be equal in all phases
B. Chemical potentials of all components should be same in a particular phase
C. Sum of the chemical potentials of any given component in all the phases should be the same
D. None of these
Answer : A
15. Pick out the correct statement.
A. The available energy in an isolated system for all irreversible (real) processes decreases
B. The efficiency of a Carnot engine increases, if the sink temperature is decreased
C. The reversible work for compression in non-flow process under isothermal condition is the change in Helmholtz free energy
D. All (A), (B) and (C)
Answer : D
A. The available energy in an isolated system for all irreversible (real) processes decreases
B. The efficiency of a Carnot engine increases, if the sink temperature is decreased
C. The reversible work for compression in non-flow process under isothermal condition is the change in Helmholtz free energy
D. All (A), (B) and (C)
Answer : D
16. A refrigeration cycle is a reversed heat engine. Which of the following has the maximum value of the co-efficient of performance (COP) for a given refrigeration effect?
A. Vapor compression cycle using expansion valve
B. Air refrigeration cycle
C. Vapor compression cycle using expansion engine
D. Carnot refrigeration cycle
Answer : D
A. Vapor compression cycle using expansion valve
B. Air refrigeration cycle
C. Vapor compression cycle using expansion engine
D. Carnot refrigeration cycle
Answer : D
17. In the equation, PVn = constant, if the value of n is in between 1 and y (i.e. Cp/Cv), then it represents a reversible __________ process.
A. Isometric
B. Polytropic
C. Isentropic
D. Isobaric
Answer : B
A. Isometric
B. Polytropic
C. Isentropic
D. Isobaric
Answer : B
18. On a P-V diagram of an ideal gas, suppose a reversible adiabatic line intersects a reversible isothermal line at point A. Then at a point A, the slope of the reversible adiabatic line (?P/?V)s and the slope of the reversible isothermal line (?P/ ?V)T are related as (where, y = Cp/Cv)
A. (?P/?V)S = (?P/?V)T
B. (?P/?V)S = [(?P/?V)T]Y
C. (?P/?V)S = y(?P/?V)T
D. (?P/?V)S = 1/y(?P/?V)T
Answer : C
A. (?P/?V)S = (?P/?V)T
B. (?P/?V)S = [(?P/?V)T]Y
C. (?P/?V)S = y(?P/?V)T
D. (?P/?V)S = 1/y(?P/?V)T
Answer : C
19. Critical temperature is defined as the temperature above which a gas will
A. Not liquify (barring exceptions)
B. Immediately liquify
C. Never liquify however high the pressure may be
D. None of these
Answer : C
A. Not liquify (barring exceptions)
B. Immediately liquify
C. Never liquify however high the pressure may be
D. None of these
Answer : C
20. The expression for entropy change given by, ?S = nR ln (V2/V1) + nCv ln (T2/T1) is valid for
A. Reversible isothermal volume change
B. Heating of a substance
C. Cooling of a substance
D. Simultaneous heating and expansion of an ideal gas
Answer : D
A. Reversible isothermal volume change
B. Heating of a substance
C. Cooling of a substance
D. Simultaneous heating and expansion of an ideal gas
Answer : D
21. At __________ point, all the three phases (i.e. solid, liquid and gas) co-exist.
A. Eutectic
B. Triple
C. Plait
D. Critical
Answer : B
A. Eutectic
B. Triple
C. Plait
D. Critical
Answer : B
22. Pick out the wrong statement.
A. The values of (?P/?V)T and (?2P/?V2)T are zero for a real gas at its critical point
B. Heat transferred is equal to the change in the enthalpy of the system, for a constant pressure, non-flow, mechanically reversible process
C. Thermal efficiency of a Carnot engine depends upon the properties of the working fluid besides the source & sink temperatures
D. During a reversible adiabatic process, the entropy of a substance remains constant
Answer : C
A. The values of (?P/?V)T and (?2P/?V2)T are zero for a real gas at its critical point
B. Heat transferred is equal to the change in the enthalpy of the system, for a constant pressure, non-flow, mechanically reversible process
C. Thermal efficiency of a Carnot engine depends upon the properties of the working fluid besides the source & sink temperatures
D. During a reversible adiabatic process, the entropy of a substance remains constant
Answer : C
23. Chemical engineering thermodynamics is concerned with the __________ in/of chemical processes.
A. Reaction mechanism
B. Calculation of rates
C. Energy transformation from one form to another
D. None of these
Answer : C
A. Reaction mechanism
B. Calculation of rates
C. Energy transformation from one form to another
D. None of these
Answer : C
24. Heat requirement for decomposition of a compound into its elements is __________ that is evolved during the formation of that compound from its elements.
A. The same
B. Less than
C. Greater than
D. Different than
Answer : A
A. The same
B. Less than
C. Greater than
D. Different than
Answer : A
25. Charles' law for gases states that
A. V/T = Constant
B. V ? 1/T
C. V ? 1/P
D. PV/T = Constant
Answer : A
A. V/T = Constant
B. V ? 1/T
C. V ? 1/P
D. PV/T = Constant
Answer : A
26. In an irreversible process
A. Tds = dE - dW = 0
B. dE - dW - Tds = 0
C. Tds - dE + dW < 0
D. Tds - dT + dW < 0
Answer : C
A. Tds = dE - dW = 0
B. dE - dW - Tds = 0
C. Tds - dE + dW < 0
D. Tds - dT + dW < 0
Answer : C
27. Which of the following decreases with increase in pressure?
A. Melting point of ice
B. Melting point of wax
C. Boiling point of liquids
D. None of these
Answer : A
A. Melting point of ice
B. Melting point of wax
C. Boiling point of liquids
D. None of these
Answer : A
28. Heat is added at constant pressure in an ideal __________ cycle.
A. Stirling
B. Brayton
C. Rankine
D. Both (B) and (C)
Answer : D
A. Stirling
B. Brayton
C. Rankine
D. Both (B) and (C)
Answer : D
29. Gases are cooled in Joule-Thomson expansion, when it is __________ inversion temperature.
A. Below
B. At
C. Above
D. Either 'b' or 'c'
Answer : A
A. Below
B. At
C. Above
D. Either 'b' or 'c'
Answer : A
30. Joule-Thomson co-efficient for a perfect gas is
A. Zero
B. Positive
C. Negative
D. None of these
Answer : A
A. Zero
B. Positive
C. Negative
D. None of these
Answer : A
31. Gibbs free energy of mixing at constant pressure and temperature is always
A. 0
B. ?
C. + ve
D. - ve
Answer : D
A. 0
B. ?
C. + ve
D. - ve
Answer : D
32. For equilibrium process (i.e. reversible) in an isolated system
A. ds = 0
B. ds < 0
C. ds > 0
D. ds = Constant
Answer : A
A. ds = 0
B. ds < 0
C. ds > 0
D. ds = Constant
Answer : A
33. For any system, what is the minimum number of degrees of freedom?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
Answer : A
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
Answer : A
34. At triple point (for one component system), vapour pressure of solid as compared to that of liquid will be
A. More
B. Less
C. Same
D. More or less; depending on the system
Answer : C
A. More
B. Less
C. Same
D. More or less; depending on the system
Answer : C
35. The second law of thermodynamics states that
A. The energy change of a system undergoing any reversible process is zero
B. It is not possible to transfer heat from a lower temperature to a higher temperature
C. The total energy of system and surrounding remains the same
D. None of the above
Answer : D
A. The energy change of a system undergoing any reversible process is zero
B. It is not possible to transfer heat from a lower temperature to a higher temperature
C. The total energy of system and surrounding remains the same
D. None of the above
Answer : D
36. The change in Gibbs free energy for vaporisation of a pure substance is
A. Positive
B. Negative
C. Zero
D. May be positive or negative
Answer : C
A. Positive
B. Negative
C. Zero
D. May be positive or negative
Answer : C
37. For a given substance at a specified temperature, activity is __________ to fugacity.
A. Directly proportional
B. Inversely proportional
C. Equal
D. None of these
Answer : A
A. Directly proportional
B. Inversely proportional
C. Equal
D. None of these
Answer : A
38. Compressibility factor for almost all the gases are approximately same at the same
A. Pressure and temperature
B. Reduced pressure and reduced temperature
C. Critical pressure and critical temperature
D. None of these
Answer : B
A. Pressure and temperature
B. Reduced pressure and reduced temperature
C. Critical pressure and critical temperature
D. None of these
Answer : B
39. Measurement of thermodynamic property of temperature is facilitated by __________ law of thermodynamics.
A. 1st
B. Zeroth
C. 3rd
D. None of these
Answer : B
A. 1st
B. Zeroth
C. 3rd
D. None of these
Answer : B
40. In the equation, PVn = constant, if the value of n = 1, then it represents a reversible __________ process.
A. Isothermal
B. Isobaric
C. Polytropic
D. Adiabatic
Answer : A
A. Isothermal
B. Isobaric
C. Polytropic
D. Adiabatic
Answer : A
41. With increase in pressure (above atmospheric pressure), the Cp of a gas
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains unchanged
D. First decreases and then increases
Answer : A
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains unchanged
D. First decreases and then increases
Answer : A
42. As pressure approaches zero, the ratio of fugacity to pressure (f/P) for a gas approaches
A. Zero
B. Unity
C. Infinity
D. An indeterminate value
Answer : B
A. Zero
B. Unity
C. Infinity
D. An indeterminate value
Answer : B
43. When liquid and vapour phases of one component system are in equilibrium (at a given temperature and pressure), the molar free energy is
A. More in vapour phase
B. More in liquid phase
C. Same in both the phases
D. Replaced by chemical potential which is more in vapour phase
Answer : C
A. More in vapour phase
B. More in liquid phase
C. Same in both the phases
D. Replaced by chemical potential which is more in vapour phase
Answer : C
44. The temperature at which a real gas obeys the ideal gas laws over a wide range of pressure is called the __________ temperature.
A. Critical
B. Boyle
C. Inversion
D. Reduced
Answer : B
A. Critical
B. Boyle
C. Inversion
D. Reduced
Answer : B
45. What happens in a reversible adiabatic compression?
A. Heating occurs
B. Cooling occurs
C. Pressure is constant
D. Temperature is constant
Answer : A
A. Heating occurs
B. Cooling occurs
C. Pressure is constant
D. Temperature is constant
Answer : A
46. Entropy of a substance remains constant during a/an __________ change.
A. Reversible isothermal
B. Irreversible isothermal
C. Reversible adiabatic
D. None of these
Answer : C
A. Reversible isothermal
B. Irreversible isothermal
C. Reversible adiabatic
D. None of these
Answer : C
47. All gases during throttling process at atmospheric temperature and pressure show a cooling effect except
A. CO2
B. H2
C. O2
D. N2
Answer : B
A. CO2
B. H2
C. O2
D. N2
Answer : B
48. Which of the following behaves most closely like an ideal gas?
A. He
B. N2
C. O2
D. H2
Answer : A
A. He
B. N2
C. O2
D. H2
Answer : A
49. Fugacity of a component in an ideal gas mixture is equal to the partial pressure of that component in the mixture. The fugacity of each component in a stable homogeneous solution at constant pressure and temperature __________ as its mole fraction increases.
A. Decreases
B. Decreases exponentially
C. Increases
D. Remain constant
Answer : C
A. Decreases
B. Decreases exponentially
C. Increases
D. Remain constant
Answer : C
50. All gases except __________ shows a cooling effect during throttling process at atmospheric temperature and pressure.
A. Oxygen
B. Nitrogen
C. Air
D. Hydrogen
Answer : D
A. Oxygen
B. Nitrogen
C. Air
D. Hydrogen
Answer : D
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