Engineering Materials 1000+ MCQ with answer for UPSC IES

1. Which of the following is added in low carbon steels to prevent them from becoming porous?
A. Sulphur
B. Phosphorus
C. Manganese
D. Silicon
Answer : D

2. Elinvar, an alloy used in precision instruments, hair springs for watches, etc. contains the following element as principal alloying element
A. Iron
B. Copper
C. Aluminium
D. Nickel
Answer : D

3. Which of the following constituents of steels is softest and least strong?
A. Austenite
B. Pearlite
C. Ferrite
D. Cementite
Answer : C

4. Which of the following statements are true for annealing of steels?
A. Steels are heated to 500 to 700°C
B. Cooling is done slowly and steadily
C. Internal stresses are relieved
D. All of these
Answer : D

5. A small percentage of boron is added to steel in order to
A. Increase hardenability
B. Reduce machinability
C. Increase wear resistance
D. Increase endurance strength
Answer : A

6. In grey cast iron, carbon is present in the form of
A. Cementite
B. Free carbon
C. Flakes
D. Spheroids
Answer : C

7. Isotropic materials are those which have the same
A. Elastic properties in all directions
B. Stresses induced in all directions
C. Thermal properties in all directions
D. Electric and magnetic properties in all directions
Answer : A

8. Mild steel belongs to the following category
A. Low carbon steel
B. Medium carbon steel
C. High carbon steel
D. Alloy steel
Answer : A

9. White cast iron contains carbon in the form of
A. Free carbon
B. Graphite
C. Cementite
D. White carbon
Answer : C

10. Malleable cast iron
A. Contains 1.7 to 3.5% carbon in Free State and is obtained by the slow cooling of molten cast iron
B. Is also known as chilled cast iron and is obtained by cooling rapidly. It is almost unmachinable
C. Is produced by annealing process. It is soft, tough, and easily machined metal
D. Is produced by small additions of magnesium (or cerium) in the ladle. Graphite is in the nodular or spheroidal form and is well dispersed throughout the material
Answer : C

11. The property of a material which enables it to retain the deformation permanently, is called
A. Brittleness
B. Ductility
C. Malleability
D. Plasticity
Answer : D

12. Heavy duty leaf and coil springs contain carbon of the following order
A. 0.2 %
B. 0.5 %
C. 0.8 %
D. 1.0 %
Answer : D

13. Steel made from phosphate iron is
A. Brittle
B. Hard
C. Ductile
D. Tough
Answer : A

14. Inconel is an alloy of
A. Nickel, chromium and iron
B. Nickel, copper
C. Nickel, Chromium
D. Nickel, zinc
Answer : A

15. Shock resistance of steel is increased by adding
A. Nickel
B. Chromium
C. Nickel and chromium
D. Sulphur, lead and phosphorus
Answer : C

16. Aluminium bronze contains aluminium and copper in the ratio of
A. 50 : 50
B. 40 : 60
C. 60 : 40
D. 10 : 90
Answer : D

17. Corrosion resistance of steel is increased by adding
A. Chromium and nickel
B. Nickel and molybdenum
C. Aluminium and zinc
D. Tungsten and sulphur
Answer : A

18. The charge is fed into the blast furnace through the
A. Stack
B. Throat
C. Bosh
D. Tyres
Answer : B

19. Which of the following pipes is least corrosion resistant?
A. Brass
B. Mild steel
C. Cast iron
D. Wrought iron
Answer : D

20. Large forgings, crank shafts, axles normally contain carbon up to
A. 0.05 to 0.20 %
B. 0.20 to 0.45 %
C. 0.45 to 0.55 %
D. 0.55 to 1.0 %
Answer : C

21. Acidic solution is one which has pH value
A. Greater than 7
B. Less than 7
C. Equal to 7
D. pH value has nothing to do with neutral solution
Answer : B

22. Which of the following impurity in cast iron promotes graphite nodule formation and increases the fluidity of the molten metal?
A. Silicon
B. Sulphur
C. Manganese
D. Phosphorus
Answer : A

23. Recrystallisation temperature can be lowered by
A. Purification of metal
B. Grain refinement
C. Working at lower temperature
D. All of the above
Answer : D

24. A material is said to be allotropic, if it has
A. Fixed structure at all temperatures
B. Atoms distributed in random pattern
C. Different crystal structures at different temperatures
D. Any one of the above
Answer : C

25. The hardness and tensile strength in austenitic stainless steel can be increased by
A. Hardening and cold working
B. Normalising
C. Martempering
D. Full annealing
Answer : A

26. A steel containing 16 to 18% chromium and about 0.12% carbon is called
A. Ferritic stainless steel
B. Austenitic stainless steel
C. Martenistic stainless steel
D. Nickel steel
Answer : A

27. Connecting rod is, usually, made from
A. Low carbon steel
B. High carbon steel
C. Medium carbon steel
D. High speed steel
Answer : C

28. The unit cells
A. Contain the smallest number of atoms which when taken together have all the properties of the crystals of the particular metal
B. Have the same orientation and their similar faces are parallel
C. May be defined as the smallest parallelepiped which could be transposed in three coordinate directions to build up the space lattice
D. All of the above
Answer : D

29. Delta iron occurs at temperature of
A. Room temperature
B. Above melting point
C. Between 1400°C and 1539°C
D. Between 910°C and 1400°C
Answer : C

30. The lower critical temperature
A. Decreases as the carbon content in steel increases
B. Increases as the carbon content in steel increases
C. Is same for all steels
D. Depends upon the rate of heating
Answer : C

31. For the allotropic forms of iron, the points of arrest are
A. The points where no further change occurs
B. Constant for all metals
C. The points where there is no further flow of metal
D. The points of discontinuity
Answer : D

32. The property of a material essential for spring materials is
A. Stiffness
B. Ductility
C. Resilience
D. Plasticity
Answer : C

33. Lead is poured into the joint between two pipes. These pipes may be made of
A. Cast iron
B. Vitrified clay
C. Asbestos cement
D. Concrete
Answer : A

34. Cast iron is a
A. Ductile material
B. Malleable material
C. Brittle material
D. Tough material
Answer : C

35. Babbitt metal is a
A. Lead base alloy
B. Copper base alloy
C. Tin base alloy
D. Cadmium base alloy
Answer : C

36. The alloy, mainly used for corrosion resistance in stainless steels is
A. Silicon
B. Manganese
C. Carbon
D. Chromium
Answer : D

37. Pearlite is a combination of
A. Ferrite and cementite
B. Cementite and gamma iron
C. Ferrite and austenite
D. Ferrite and iron graphite
Answer : A

38. Duralumin contains
A. 3.5 to 4.5% copper, 0.4 to 0.7% magnesium, 0.4 to 0.7% manganese and rest aluminium
B. 3.5 to 4.5% copper, 1.2 to 1.7% manganese, 1.8 to 2.3% nickel, 0.6% each of silicon, magnesium and iron, and rest aluminium
C. 4 to 4.5% magnesium, 3 to 4% copper and rest aluminium
D. 5 to 6% tin, 2 to 3% copper and rest aluminium
Answer : A

39. The alloying element which reduces the formation of iron sulphide in steel is
A. Chromium
B. Nickel
C. Vanadium
D. Manganese
Answer : D

40. Shock resisting steels should have
A. Low wear resistance
B. Low hardness
C. Low tensile strength
D. Toughness
Answer : D

41. High carbon steel carries carbon percentage
A. 0.1 to 0.3 %
B. 0.3 to 0.6 %
C. 0.6 to 0.8 %
D. 0.8 to 1.5 %
Answer : D

42. Taps dies and drills contain carbon
A. Below 0.5 %
B. Below 1 %
C. Above 1 %
D. Above 2.2 %
Answer : C

43. The main alloying elements high speed steel in order of increasing proportion are
A. Vanadium, chromium, tungsten
B. Tungsten, titanium, vanadium
C. Chromium, titanium, vanadium
D. Tungsten, chromium, titanium
Answer : A

44. Iron is
A. Paramagnetic
B. Ferromagnetic
C. Ferroelectric
D. Dielectric
Answer : B

45. Malleability of a material can be defined as
A. Ability to undergo large permanent deformations in compression
B. Ability to recover its original form
C. Ability to undergo large permanent deformations in tension
D. All of the above
Answer : A

46. Thermoplastic materials are those materials which
A. Are formed into shape under heat and pressure and results in a permanently hard product
B. Do not become hard with the application of heat and pressure and no chemical change occurs
C. Are flexible and can withstand considerable wear under suitable conditions
D. Are used as a friction lining for clutches and brakes
Answer : B

47. Iron ore is, usually, found in the form of
A. Oxides
B. Carbonates
C. Sulphides
D. All of these
Answer : D

48. Which is the false statement about wrought iron? It has
A. High resistance to rusting and corrosion
B. High ductility
C. Ability of hold protective coating
D. Uniform strength in all directions
Answer : D

49. An important property of malleable cast iron in comparison to grey cast iron is the high
A. Compressive strength
B. Ductility
C. Carbon content
D. Hardness
Answer : B

50. Monel metal is an alloy of
A. Nickel and copper
B. Nickel and chromium
C. Nickel, Chromium and iron
D. Copper and chromium
Answer : A