Cell - the unit of life MCQ Question with Answer

Correct Answer : A

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Explanation
Tonoplast is a membrane separating a vacoule from the surrounding cytoplasm in a plant cell. It controls ionic movement in and around the cell. Contractile vacuole is a sub-cellular structure found in unicellular algae. It absorbs excess water and wastes from a microorganisms cell and excretes them into the environment. Food vaculole is a membrane-unclosed cell vacuole with a digestive function. It contains material taken up in by the process of phagocytosis. Air vacuole is a small cavity or space in the tissues. It stores metabolic gases.

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Correct Answer : A

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Explanation
Metacentric chromosomes have the centromere in the centre, such that both sections are of equal length. Human chromosome 1 and 3 are metacentric. Sub metacentric chromosomes are a chromosome with the centromere so placed that it divides the chromosome into two arms of strikingly unequal length. Acrocentric chromosomes have a centromere which is located almost near the tip leading to one very long and one very short section. Human chromosomes 13, 15, 21, and 22 are acrocentric. Telocentric chromosomes have centromere which is located at the terminal end. Telomeres may extend from both ends of the chromosome. Humans do not possess telocentric chromosomes.

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Correct Answer : A

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Explanation
SER (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) found in both animal cells and plant cells, makes cellular products like hormones and lipids. It also distributes those products throughout the cell and to other places in the organism. Golgi apparatus is also involved in the transport of lipids around the cell, and the creation of lysosomes. Cristae are the infoldings or inward projections of the inner membrane of the mitochondrion, which are studded with proteins and increase the surface area for chemical reactions to occur like cellular respiration. Peroxisome is a small organelle present in the cytoplasm of many cells, which contains the reducing enzyme catalase and usually some oxidases. This organelle is involved in photorespiration.
Elaioplasts, a type of leucoplast, is specialized for the storage of lipids in plants. Elaioplasts house oil body deposits as rounded plastoglobuli, which are essentially fat droplets.

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Correct Answer : A

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Explanation
Leeuwenhoek He is commonly known as the Father of Microbiology, and considered to be the first microbiologist. First saw and described a living cell.
Robert Brown was a Scottish botanist and palaeobotanist who made important contributions nucleus and cytoplasmic streaming.
Schleiden was a German botanist and co-founder of the cell theory, along with Theodor Schwann and Rudolf Virchow. He discovered that all plants are composed of different kind of cells.
Schwann - He discovered that presence of cell wall is unique to plant cells.

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Correct Answer : B

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Explanation
Viruses 0.02 - 0.2 micrometre PPLO ( Pleuro Pneumonia like Organisms) About 0.1 micrometre
Eukaryotic cells 10-20 micrometre
Bacterium 1-2 micrometre

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Correct Answer : C

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Explanation
Mitochondria are double membrane cell organelles with the outer membrane and inner membrane. Lysosomes are a single membrane bound vesicular structure. It contains many hydrolytic enzymes and commonly called as suicidal bag of the cells. Ribosome is a granular structure, without membrane. It consists of RNA and proteins and is the protein builders or the protein synthesizers of the cell.

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Correct Answer : A

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Explanation
Golgi apparatus is an cellular organelle which is involved in in the modifying, sorting and packaging of proteins for secretion. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell as they are the site of chemical reactions that transfer energy from organic compounds in ATP. Vacuole is a membrane bound organelle and filled with water containing inorganic and organic molecules including enzymes in solution. Vacuoles might store food or any variety of nutrients a cell might need to survive. Grana are a stacked membranous structure within the chloroplasts of plants and green algae that contains the chlorophyll and is the site of the light reactions of photosynthesis.

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