Urologic infections and inflammations 1000+ MCQ with answer for GATE
Thursday 9th of March 2023
Sharing is caring
1. What is true regarding contrast CT imaging for a renal abscess?
A. abscess appears as a low attenuation cystic cavity containing gas
B. renal parenchyma around the abscess cavity may show hypo enhancement in nephrogram phase
C. associated fascial and septal thickening are seen with obliteration of perinephric fat
D. all of the above
Answer : D
A. abscess appears as a low attenuation cystic cavity containing gas
B. renal parenchyma around the abscess cavity may show hypo enhancement in nephrogram phase
C. associated fascial and septal thickening are seen with obliteration of perinephric fat
D. all of the above
Answer : D
2. What type of cells is implicated most in the pathogenesis of BPS/IC?
A. histocytes
B. T lymphocytes
C. mast cells
D. B lymphocytes
Answer : C
A. histocytes
B. T lymphocytes
C. mast cells
D. B lymphocytes
Answer : C
3. What is false concerning the cystoscopic findings of interstitial cystitis?
A. Hunner`s ulcers are multiple ulcerative patches surrounded by mucosal congestion on the dome or lateral walls
B. ulcers might get distorted after overdistention, because discrete areas of mucosal scarring rupture during the procedure
C. in non-ulcerative type, overdistention demonstrates glomerulations on the dome and lateral walls
D. overdistention results in mucosal tears and submucosal hemorrhage
Answer : B
A. Hunner`s ulcers are multiple ulcerative patches surrounded by mucosal congestion on the dome or lateral walls
B. ulcers might get distorted after overdistention, because discrete areas of mucosal scarring rupture during the procedure
C. in non-ulcerative type, overdistention demonstrates glomerulations on the dome and lateral walls
D. overdistention results in mucosal tears and submucosal hemorrhage
Answer : B
4. What is the least important measure in indwelling catheter care?
A. cleansing the urethral meatus with aseptic agent
B. careful aseptic insertion of the catheter
C. maintenance of a closed drainage system
D. maintaining a dependant drainage system
Answer : A
A. cleansing the urethral meatus with aseptic agent
B. careful aseptic insertion of the catheter
C. maintenance of a closed drainage system
D. maintaining a dependant drainage system
Answer : A
5. What is true regarding urinary catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI)?
A. indwelling catheter insertion must be under sterile condition
B. systemic antibiotics help best in preventing bacteriuria
C. greater than 90% of nosocomial UTIs are related to urethral catheters
D. Intermittent catheterization carries the incidence of 1-3% of developing bacteriuria per insertion
Answer : D
A. indwelling catheter insertion must be under sterile condition
B. systemic antibiotics help best in preventing bacteriuria
C. greater than 90% of nosocomial UTIs are related to urethral catheters
D. Intermittent catheterization carries the incidence of 1-3% of developing bacteriuria per insertion
Answer : D
6. What antimicrobial agent treats UTI and does NOT alter the gut flora?
A. trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole
B. fluoroquinolones
C. aminoglycosides
D. nitrofurantoins
Answer : D
A. trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole
B. fluoroquinolones
C. aminoglycosides
D. nitrofurantoins
Answer : D
7. What is false regarding viral cystitis?
A. in pediatrics, adenovirus types 11 and 21 could result in hemorrhagic cystitis
B. immunosuppressed children are especially susceptible to Cytomegalovirus and Adenoviruses 7, 21, and 35
C. in pediatrics, acute viral cystitis might present as acute retention of urine
D. classically, treatment should be culture-specific
Answer : D
A. in pediatrics, adenovirus types 11 and 21 could result in hemorrhagic cystitis
B. immunosuppressed children are especially susceptible to Cytomegalovirus and Adenoviruses 7, 21, and 35
C. in pediatrics, acute viral cystitis might present as acute retention of urine
D. classically, treatment should be culture-specific
Answer : D
8. What is the best statement that describes the action of antiproliferative factor?
A. inhibits bladder epithelial cell proliferation
B. inhibits the bladder proliferative growth factors
C. stimulates the proliferation inhibitory factors
D. none of the above
Answer : A
A. inhibits bladder epithelial cell proliferation
B. inhibits the bladder proliferative growth factors
C. stimulates the proliferation inhibitory factors
D. none of the above
Answer : A
9. What is false concerning peri-renal abscess?
A. could result from intra-renal abscess of ascending infection
B. urine culture might be negative
C. plain KUB X-ray has no value in the diagnosis
D. surgical drainage is the proper treatment
Answer : C
A. could result from intra-renal abscess of ascending infection
B. urine culture might be negative
C. plain KUB X-ray has no value in the diagnosis
D. surgical drainage is the proper treatment
Answer : C
10. Which statement best defines reinfection?
A. a new episode of UTI caused by different species or occurring at long intervals
B. recurrent UTIs caused by the same organism in each instance, classically, at close intervals
C. recurrent UTIs due to failure of medical therapy to eradicate the infection
D. recurrent UTIs due to a persistent pathology that is obstinate to surgery
Answer : A
A. a new episode of UTI caused by different species or occurring at long intervals
B. recurrent UTIs caused by the same organism in each instance, classically, at close intervals
C. recurrent UTIs due to failure of medical therapy to eradicate the infection
D. recurrent UTIs due to a persistent pathology that is obstinate to surgery
Answer : A
11. What is false concerning genitourinary TB?
A. is the commonest extra-pulmonary site of infection
B. bladder TB is secondary to renal TB, and usually begins at the ureteral orifices
C. in the kidneys, TB is typically bilateral, cortical, and adjacent to the glomeruli; they may remain dormant for ages
D. epididymal TB might occur by hematogenous or direct spread from the urinary tract
Answer : A
A. is the commonest extra-pulmonary site of infection
B. bladder TB is secondary to renal TB, and usually begins at the ureteral orifices
C. in the kidneys, TB is typically bilateral, cortical, and adjacent to the glomeruli; they may remain dormant for ages
D. epididymal TB might occur by hematogenous or direct spread from the urinary tract
Answer : A
12. Ureteral dilation in schistosomiasis could be due to:
A. vesicoureteral reflux
B. stenosis of the lower ureter
C. edematous ureteral wall causing deficient peristalsis
D. any of the above
Answer : D
A. vesicoureteral reflux
B. stenosis of the lower ureter
C. edematous ureteral wall causing deficient peristalsis
D. any of the above
Answer : D
13. What are the target immune cells for HIV?
A. phagocytes
B. CD4 T cells
C. B lymphocytes
D. natural killer cells
Answer : B
A. phagocytes
B. CD4 T cells
C. B lymphocytes
D. natural killer cells
Answer : B
14. What is the most important pharmacokinetic property of a drug to cure UTI?
A. mode of administration
B. level in the serum
C. level in the urine
D. dosage
Answer : C
A. mode of administration
B. level in the serum
C. level in the urine
D. dosage
Answer : C
15. HIV infection increases the incidence of the following cancers, EXCEPT:
A. Kaposi sarcoma,
B. Hodgkin lymphoma
C. non-Hodgkin lymphoma
D. cervical cancer
Answer : B
A. Kaposi sarcoma,
B. Hodgkin lymphoma
C. non-Hodgkin lymphoma
D. cervical cancer
Answer : B
16. What is false concerning Chlamydia trachomatis urethritis in males:
A. produces yellow whitish, scanty, frothy urethral discharge
B. shows gram (+), extracellular diplococcic
C. infection could be contracted from the spouses eyes
D. responds fairly to azithromycin
Answer : B
A. produces yellow whitish, scanty, frothy urethral discharge
B. shows gram (+), extracellular diplococcic
C. infection could be contracted from the spouses eyes
D. responds fairly to azithromycin
Answer : B
17. What type of bladder cells secretes antiproliferative factor?
A. bladder epithelial cells
B. type C nerve endings in the bladder
C. type A delta nerve endings in the bladder
D. the innermost longitudinal fibres of detrusor muscle
Answer : A
A. bladder epithelial cells
B. type C nerve endings in the bladder
C. type A delta nerve endings in the bladder
D. the innermost longitudinal fibres of detrusor muscle
Answer : A
18. In males, HIV infection increases the incidence of the following genitourinary tumors:
A. testicular
renal
C. penile
D. all of the above
Answer : D
A. testicular
C. penile
D. all of the above
Answer : D
19. Which of the following has NO role in bacterial colonization in the prostate?
A. intra-prostatic ductal reflux
B. paraphimosis
C. specific blood groups
D. unprotected anal intercourse
Answer : B
A. intra-prostatic ductal reflux
B. paraphimosis
C. specific blood groups
D. unprotected anal intercourse
Answer : B
20. What is the proper term to describe high bacterial count in urine without pus?
A. asymptomatic bacteriuria
B. sterile pyouria
C. bacterial colonization
D. unresolved bacteriuria
Answer : C
A. asymptomatic bacteriuria
B. sterile pyouria
C. bacterial colonization
D. unresolved bacteriuria
Answer : C
21. What is true concerning the definition of UTI in women, based on culture results from a suprapubic aspirate of urine?
A. any amount of uropathogen grown in culture indicates UTI
B. for cystitis, more than 1000 CFU/mL indicates UTI
C. for pyelonephritis, more than 10,000 CFU/mL indicates UTI
D. for asymptomatic bacteriuria, more than 100,000 CFU/mL indicates UTI
Answer : A
A. any amount of uropathogen grown in culture indicates UTI
B. for cystitis, more than 1000 CFU/mL indicates UTI
C. for pyelonephritis, more than 10,000 CFU/mL indicates UTI
D. for asymptomatic bacteriuria, more than 100,000 CFU/mL indicates UTI
Answer : A
22. Which of the following is NOT a first-choice antimicrobial agent for uncomplicated acute cystitis in women?
A. nitrofurantoin monohydrate/macrocrystals
B. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
C. ampicillin
D. fosfomycin
Answer : C
A. nitrofurantoin monohydrate/macrocrystals
B. trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
C. ampicillin
D. fosfomycin
Answer : C
23. What could NOT cause recurrent UTI in a 25 yrs. woman?
A. bladder neck suspension surgery
B. chronic constipation
C. poor genital hygiene
D. contraceptive diaphragm
Answer : A
A. bladder neck suspension surgery
B. chronic constipation
C. poor genital hygiene
D. contraceptive diaphragm
Answer : A
24. What is false regarding pediatric renal parenchyma scarring?
A. chronic pyelonephritis and HTN lead to ESRD in 10% of the cases
B. neonatal symptoms of UTI are vague and non-specific, that delay the diagnosis and end in more scarring
C. despite adequate treatment, scarring continues after an attack of pyelonephritis as a chronic immune reaction against renal tubules
D. neonates have low intrarenal pelvic pressure, that predisposes to ascending infections
Answer : D
A. chronic pyelonephritis and HTN lead to ESRD in 10% of the cases
B. neonatal symptoms of UTI are vague and non-specific, that delay the diagnosis and end in more scarring
C. despite adequate treatment, scarring continues after an attack of pyelonephritis as a chronic immune reaction against renal tubules
D. neonates have low intrarenal pelvic pressure, that predisposes to ascending infections
Answer : D
25. What is (are) the complication(s) of sexually transmitted infections?
A. pelvic inflammatory disease
B. lymphogranuloma venereum
C. infertility
D. all of the above
Answer : D
A. pelvic inflammatory disease
B. lymphogranuloma venereum
C. infertility
D. all of the above
Answer : D
26. What is false concerning acute pyelonephritis?
A. CBC reveals leucocytosis with predominance of neutrophils
B. contrast CT reveals one or more focal wedge-like swollen regions of the kidney parenchyma, sparing the cortex, and demonstrating reduced enhancement rim sign
C. in children, recurrent acute pyelonephritis might lead to renal scarring
D. in pregnancy, recurrent acute pyelonephritis might lead to preterm labor
Answer : B
A. CBC reveals leucocytosis with predominance of neutrophils
B. contrast CT reveals one or more focal wedge-like swollen regions of the kidney parenchyma, sparing the cortex, and demonstrating reduced enhancement rim sign
C. in children, recurrent acute pyelonephritis might lead to renal scarring
D. in pregnancy, recurrent acute pyelonephritis might lead to preterm labor
Answer : B
27. What is the average age of onset of BPS/IC patients?
A. 30
B. 40
C. 50
D. 60
Answer : B
A. 30
B. 40
C. 50
D. 60
Answer : B
28. What is NOT a complication of mumps orchitis?
A. infertility
B. hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
C. non seminomatous germ cell tumor
D. chronic orchalgia
Answer : C
A. infertility
B. hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
C. non seminomatous germ cell tumor
D. chronic orchalgia
Answer : C
29. What could cause scrotal sinus?
A. improperly drained hair follicle scrotal abscess
B. syphilitic orchitis
C. tuberculous epididymitis
D. all of the above
Answer : D
A. improperly drained hair follicle scrotal abscess
B. syphilitic orchitis
C. tuberculous epididymitis
D. all of the above
Answer : D
30. What is false concerning UTI in long-term care facilities?
A. in catheterized individuals, entry of bacteria into the bladder is facilitated by the bacterial glycocalyx biofilm
B. infection cannot be reliably distinguished from bacteriuria by lab tests
C. co-trimoxazole is the preferred antibiotic for empiric therapy
D. symptomatic UTI may be a diagnosis of exclusion
Answer : C
A. in catheterized individuals, entry of bacteria into the bladder is facilitated by the bacterial glycocalyx biofilm
B. infection cannot be reliably distinguished from bacteriuria by lab tests
C. co-trimoxazole is the preferred antibiotic for empiric therapy
D. symptomatic UTI may be a diagnosis of exclusion
Answer : C
31. Which of the following factors increases the risk of UTI due to promotion of microbial colonization?
A. neurogenic bladder
B. the use of spermicide
C. urinary catheterization
D. fecal incontinence
Answer : B
A. neurogenic bladder
B. the use of spermicide
C. urinary catheterization
D. fecal incontinence
Answer : B
32. What is the bladder`s first-line defense against infections?
A. natural sloughing of bladder mucosa
B. voiding
C. urine osmolarity
D. urine pH
Answer : B
A. natural sloughing of bladder mucosa
B. voiding
C. urine osmolarity
D. urine pH
Answer : B
33. What is false concerning HIV infection?
A. AIDS patients in active infection show low CD4 + T-cell count
B. the diagnosis is confirmed by positive anti-HIV-1, anti-HIV-2 antibodies
C. patients receiving antiviral therapy could still be infectious
D. herpes simplex virus increases HIV replication in infected persons
Answer : B
A. AIDS patients in active infection show low CD4 + T-cell count
B. the diagnosis is confirmed by positive anti-HIV-1, anti-HIV-2 antibodies
C. patients receiving antiviral therapy could still be infectious
D. herpes simplex virus increases HIV replication in infected persons
Answer : B
34. What is true regarding balanoposthitis?
A. is best diagnosed by ascending urethrography
B. occurs mostly in diabetic and immunosuppressed patients
C. could be due to maceration injury, irritant dermatitis, or Candida
D. commonly presents with deep inguinal lymphadenopathy
Answer : C
A. is best diagnosed by ascending urethrography
B. occurs mostly in diabetic and immunosuppressed patients
C. could be due to maceration injury, irritant dermatitis, or Candida
D. commonly presents with deep inguinal lymphadenopathy
Answer : C
35. The relative risk of prostate cancer in men with HIV compared to uninfected individuals is:
A. greater than 8 fold
B. greater than 6 fold
C. greater than 4 fold
D. comparable
Answer : D
A. greater than 8 fold
B. greater than 6 fold
C. greater than 4 fold
D. comparable
Answer : D
36. What is false concerning corpora amylacea of the prostate?
A. are premalignant, and found in 1-6% of prostate biopsies
B. are small hyaline masses of unknown significance found in the prostate gland
C. they are degenerate cells or thickened secretions in the prostate ducts
D. might appear as prostate calcifications on X-ray KUB
Answer : A
A. are premalignant, and found in 1-6% of prostate biopsies
B. are small hyaline masses of unknown significance found in the prostate gland
C. they are degenerate cells or thickened secretions in the prostate ducts
D. might appear as prostate calcifications on X-ray KUB
Answer : A
37. A 40 yrs. man presents with clinical acute pyelonephritis, on intravenous antibiotics for 4 days, CT shows a renal abscess. What is next in the treatment?
A. carry on the full antibiotic course, and then repeat CT
B. incision and drainage of the renal abscess with/without nephrectomy
C. the abscess size dictates management
D. perc. drainage of the renal abscess
Answer : C
A. carry on the full antibiotic course, and then repeat CT
B. incision and drainage of the renal abscess with/without nephrectomy
C. the abscess size dictates management
D. perc. drainage of the renal abscess
Answer : C
38. What is false concerning sepsis syndrome?
A. poor tissue perfusion manifests as hyperlactemia and decreased capillary refill
B. acute oliguria indicates an organ dysfunction and circulatory collapse
C. septic shock is an extreme form of sepsis when hypotension persists despite adequate fluid resuscitation
D. hypotension is a sign of hyperdynamic circulation at an early septic shock
Answer : D
A. poor tissue perfusion manifests as hyperlactemia and decreased capillary refill
B. acute oliguria indicates an organ dysfunction and circulatory collapse
C. septic shock is an extreme form of sepsis when hypotension persists despite adequate fluid resuscitation
D. hypotension is a sign of hyperdynamic circulation at an early septic shock
Answer : D
39. What is false regarding Herpes simplex (HSV) infection?
A. characterized by neurovirulence
B. the incubation period of primary genital herpes is 2 3 weeks
C. HSV can be isolated in the urine
D. HSV-1 infection causes urethritis more often than HSV-2 does
Answer : B
A. characterized by neurovirulence
B. the incubation period of primary genital herpes is 2 3 weeks
C. HSV can be isolated in the urine
D. HSV-1 infection causes urethritis more often than HSV-2 does
Answer : B
40. Epididymal cysts are common in the following conditions,
EXCEPT:
A. von Hippel-Lindau disease
B. tuberous sclerosis
C. cystic fibrosis
D. autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Answer : B
EXCEPT:
A. von Hippel-Lindau disease
B. tuberous sclerosis
C. cystic fibrosis
D. autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Answer : B
41. What is false regarding Fournier`s gangrene?
A. is defined as a polymicrobial chronic infection of the perineal, perianal, or genital areas
B. as the disease progresses, branches from the inferior epigastric, deep circumflex iliac, and external pudendal arteries get thrombosed
C. presents as a dark skinned-scrotum, subcutaneous crepitation, and foul smell
D. surgical debridement often spares the testes
Answer : A
A. is defined as a polymicrobial chronic infection of the perineal, perianal, or genital areas
B. as the disease progresses, branches from the inferior epigastric, deep circumflex iliac, and external pudendal arteries get thrombosed
C. presents as a dark skinned-scrotum, subcutaneous crepitation, and foul smell
D. surgical debridement often spares the testes
Answer : A
42. What condition(s) could occur in schistosomal ureter?
A. beading of the lower ureteral segment
B. ureteral fibrosis and calcifications of the distal ureter
C. stricture at the uretero-vesical junction
D. all of the above
Answer : D
A. beading of the lower ureteral segment
B. ureteral fibrosis and calcifications of the distal ureter
C. stricture at the uretero-vesical junction
D. all of the above
Answer : D
43. What does NOT predispose to acute epididymitis is:
A. TUR ejaculatory duct
B. prolonged urethral catheterization
C. prostatic biopsy
D. vas ligation
Answer : C
A. TUR ejaculatory duct
B. prolonged urethral catheterization
C. prostatic biopsy
D. vas ligation
Answer : C
44. What is the commonest cause of relapsing UTI in males?
A. chronic epididymitis
B. epididymo-orchitis
C. chronic bacterial prostatitis
D. venereal cysto-urethritis
Answer : C
A. chronic epididymitis
B. epididymo-orchitis
C. chronic bacterial prostatitis
D. venereal cysto-urethritis
Answer : C
45. What is false concerning epididymitis?
A. should be distinguished from testicular torsion in the emergency setting
B. viral epididymitis is commoner in the elderly
C. chronic epididymitis might complicate BPH
D. chronic epididymitis might require epididymectomy
Answer : B
A. should be distinguished from testicular torsion in the emergency setting
B. viral epididymitis is commoner in the elderly
C. chronic epididymitis might complicate BPH
D. chronic epididymitis might require epididymectomy
Answer : B
46. What is false concerning the management of genitourinary TB?
A. prostatic TB is better drained per rectum before initiating the medications
B. renal TB may require nephroureterectomy
C. peripheral neuritis is a known side effect of isoniazid
D. moxifloxacin might result in tendon rupture
Answer : A
A. prostatic TB is better drained per rectum before initiating the medications
B. renal TB may require nephroureterectomy
C. peripheral neuritis is a known side effect of isoniazid
D. moxifloxacin might result in tendon rupture
Answer : A
47. What is false concerning chronic orchialgia syndrome?
A. it is a constant or intermittent pain of testes for more than 3 months
B. could be due to appendix testis torsion-detorsion
C. could be due to radiculitis resulting from a degenerative lesion in the thoraco-lumber vertebrae
D. could be a result of entrapment neuropathy of ilioinguinal or genitofemoral nerve
Answer : B
A. it is a constant or intermittent pain of testes for more than 3 months
B. could be due to appendix testis torsion-detorsion
C. could be due to radiculitis resulting from a degenerative lesion in the thoraco-lumber vertebrae
D. could be a result of entrapment neuropathy of ilioinguinal or genitofemoral nerve
Answer : B
48. What is false about urinary catheters?
A. condom catheters carry less risk of UTI if compared to urethral
B. suprapubic catheters carry less risk of UTI if compared to urethral
C. latex catheters carry less risk of UTI if compared to silicon
D. intermittent catheterization carry less risk of UTI if compared to indwelling catheters
Answer : C
A. condom catheters carry less risk of UTI if compared to urethral
B. suprapubic catheters carry less risk of UTI if compared to urethral
C. latex catheters carry less risk of UTI if compared to silicon
D. intermittent catheterization carry less risk of UTI if compared to indwelling catheters
Answer : C
49. What is the preferred antimicrobial prophylaxis for transrectal prostate biopsy?
A. aminoglycoside
B. fluoroquinolone
C. 2nd generation cephalosporin
D. doxycycline
Answer : B
A. aminoglycoside
B. fluoroquinolone
C. 2nd generation cephalosporin
D. doxycycline
Answer : B
50. Directed physiotherapy could be of value in treating what NIH type of prostatitis?
A. type II
B. type III-a
C. type III-b
D. type IV
Answer : C
A. type II
B. type III-a
C. type III-b
D. type IV
Answer : C
Sharing is caring
Related Post
Chemical Engineering Basics 1000+ MCQ with answer for RBI Grade B officer
1000+ Advanced Surveying MCQ for LSAT [Solved]
Basics of Economics MCQ Solved Paper for NDA
1000+ Direct and Indirect Speech Multiple Choice Question Answer [Solved]
1000+ Windows 2000 Server Multiple Choice Question Answer [Solved]
1000+ Windows 2000 Server MCQ for IBPS RRB [Solved]