VDL and DDL.
DDL and DML.
SDL and DDL.
VDL and DML.
B. DDL and DML.
operating system
controller unit of the kernel
concurrency control component of the database system
none
SELECT
RETURN
FETCH
GET
Min
Max
Select
Avg
Static SQL
Dynamic SQL
both
none of these
Subschema of the database
Schema of the database
Structure of the database
View of the database
The data dictionary is normally maintained by the database administrator.
Data elements in the database can be modified by changing the data dictionary.
The data dictionary contains the name and description of each data element.
The data dictionary is a tool used exclusively by the database administrator.
index
sequence
cursor
trigger
2
3
4
5
Primary key
Secondary Key
Foreign Key
None of these
B8ZS
Manchester
RZ
NRZ-L
top-down approach.
bottom-up approach.
left-right approach.
none of the above
UPDATE
DROP
ALTER
SELECT
Noise
Delay
Dispersion
Attenuation
Primary key
Secondary key
Candidate key
Foreign key
entity integrity rule
referential integrity constraint
composite attribute
action assertion
primary storage
secondary storage
tertiary storage
none of the above
Physical data independence
Logical data independence
External data independence
Static data
i and ii only
ii and iii only
i and iii only
None of these
Allow
Access
Grant
none of the above
Data Definition Language.
Data Manipulation Language
Procedural query Language
None of the above
read(), print()
read(), write()
scan(), write()
none of the above
Failed
Aborted
Blocked
Finished
m+1
m
m-1
m/2
sequential access storage
direct access storage
random access storage
none of the above
sent only upon the client's request
sent in complete copies for the client to filter and sort
never sent to the client machine
sent in very large sections to save processing time
the begin transaction and end transaction
the start transaction and end transaction
the begin transaction and finish transaction
none of the above.
i and ii only
ii and iii only
i and iii only
i only
Cardinality
Degree
Tuple
Order
primary storage
secondary storage
tertiary storage
none of the above
parallel
serial
analog
digital