Two holes for each angle and one hole for the web
One hole for each angle and one hole for the web
One hole for each angle and two holes for the web
Two holes for each angle and two holes for the web
√(fbt² + fc²)
√(fbt² + ½fc²)
√(fbt² + 3fc²)
√(fbt² - 3fc²)
Stronger
Weaker
Equally strong
Any of the above
Dead load includes self-weight of the structure and super-imposed loads permanently attached to the structure
Dead loads change their positions and vary in magnitude
Dead loads are known in the beginning of the design
None of these
Crippling load
Buckling load
Critical load
All the above
Line of action of the resultant of two column loads, is made to coincide with the centre of gravity of the base of the footing
Trapezoidal shape is used for the base footing
Projections of beams on either side in lower tier are such that bending moments under columns are equal
All the above
The steel beams placed in plain cement concrete, are known as reinforced beams
The filler joists are generally continuous over three-supports only
Continuous fillers are connected to main beams by means of cleat angles
Continuous fillers are supported by main steel beams
Length of the column
Strength of the column
Cross-sectional area of the column
None of these
4 zones
5 zones
6 zones
7 zones
Bearing plate is assumed as a short beam to transmit the axial load to the lower column section
Axial load is assumed to be taken by flanges
Load transmitted from the flanges of upper column and reactions from the flanges of lower columns are equal and form a couple
All the above
d = 1.91 t
d = 1.91 t2
d = 1.91 √t
d = 1.91 t
0.5 L
0.67 L
0.85 L
2 L
Vertical stiffeners are provided in steel plate girders if the web is less than d/85
Vertical stiffeners are provided in high tensile steel plate girders if the web is less than d/175
Horizontal stiffeners are provided in steel plate girders if the web is less than d/200
All the above
0.15 d
0.22 d
0.33 d
0.44 d
Modulus of elasticity
Shear modulus of elasticity
Bulk modulus of elasticity
Tangent modulus of elasticity
0.000008
0.000010
0.000012
0.000014
6
8
10
15
Decrease in h/t ratio
Increase in h/t ratio
Decrease in thickness
Increase in height Where 'h' is height and t is thickness
IS : 875
IS : 800
IS : 456
IS : 1893
T = WL/4R
T = WR/8L
T = WL/8R
T = WL/2R
To simplify the transverse connections
To minimise lacing
To have greater lateral rigidity
All the above
10° to 30°
30° to 40°
40° to 70°
90°
η = p/p - d
η = p/p + d
η = p - d/p
η = p + d/p
Large moment of inertia with less cross-sectional area
Large moment of resistance as compared to other section
Greater lateral stability
All the above
Effective throat thickness
Plate thickness
Size of weld
Penetration thickness
Euler's formula
Rankine formula
Perry Robertson formula
Secant formula
Tacking rivets are used if the minimum distance between centres of two adjacent rivets exceeds 12 t or 200 mm, whichever is less
Tacking rivets are not considered to calculate stress
Tacking rivets are provided throughout the length of a compression member composed of two components back to back
All the above
Pitch
Gauge
Diameter of the rivet holes
All the above
L
1/√2 × L
½ L
2L
4.5 mm
6 mm
8 mm
10 mm