Anatomy of flowering plant MCQ Question with Answer

Correct Answer : C

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Explanation
In the given figure of root apical meristem, the part marked as A, B and C is respectively cortex, protoderm and root cap. The apical meristem is a completely undifferentiated meristematic tissue found in the buds and growing tips of roots in plants. Its main function is to begin growth of new cells in young seedlings at the tips of roots and shoots (forming buds, among other things).

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Correct Answer : A

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Explanation
In the given figure of shoot apical meristem, the parts marked as A, B and C are respectively leaf primordium; shoot apical meristem and axillary bud (present in the axils of leaf and are capable of forming a branch or a flower). The shoot apical meristem is a population of cells located at the tip of the shoot axis. It produces lateral organs, stems tissues and regenerates itself.

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Correct Answer : A

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Explanation
Figure A, B, C and D are respectively parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma fibres and sclerenchyma sclereid. Parenchyma: It involves in photosynthesis, storage and secretion. Collenchyma: It provides mechanical support to the growing parts of the plant such as young stem and petiole of a leaf. Sclerenchyma fibres: It provides mechanical strength to various plant organs and specialised to tolerate stress of bending, sheering, compression and pull. Sclerenchyma sclereid: It forms protective covering of testa in many legume seeds.

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Correct Answer : A

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Explanation
The given figures A (tracheid) and B (vessel) are types of xylem (C). Xylem is the vascular tissue in plants which conducts water and dissolved nutrients upwards from the root and also helps to form the woody element in the stem. It consists of tracheids, vessels, parenchyma cells, and woody fibres. Tracheid is an elongated, tapering xylem cell having lignified, and pitted, intact walls which lacks perforations in the cell wall. Tracheids have pits where the cell wall is modified into a thin membrane, across which water flows from tracheid to tracheid. The cells die when mature, leaving only their lignified cell walls. Tracheids are found in all vascular plants. It is adapted for conduction and support. Vessels are a long straight chain made of tough long dead cells known as vessel elements or vessel members. The vessel cells, devoid of protoplasm, are arranged end to end and the cell walls have disappeared. This makes a tube. They have a lignified cell wall and a large central cavity.

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Correct Answer : C

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Explanation
In the given fig. of phloem tissue A, B & C are respectively sieve tube, phloem parenchyma and campanion cells. Companion cells (c) are specialized parenchymal cells adjacent to a sieve tube in the phloem of flowering plants. It is beliveved to regulate the flow of nutrients through the tube.

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Correct Answer : D

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Explanation
Stomata are tiny pores, and composed of two bean shaped epidermal cells called guard cells which enclose stomatal pore. Stomata are mostly present in epidermal layers of leaves and in other aerial parts like young stems, floral parts etc.
Guard cells in dicots are kidney shaped and in monocots are dumb bell shaped. The guard cells may be surrounded by varying number of specialized epidermal cells called subsidiary cells or accessory cells.

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Correct Answer : A

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Explanation
Vascular bundles (VBs) is a strand of conducting vessels in the stem or leaves of a plant, typically with phloem on the outside and xylem on the inside. In the given figures A, B and C the types of vascular bundles are respectively radial, conjoint closed and conjoint open. When xylem and phloem are arranged in the radius of the plant in alternative manner then it is called radial vascular bundle. Radial VBs are always closed and present in all types of roots. In conjoint vascular bundle, xylem and phloem are situated at the same radius of vascular bundles. Such VBs are common in stems and leaves.

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