The ratio of the change in the money supply to the change in the monetary base
The ratio of government spending to the level of GDP
The ratio of taxes to disposable income
The ratio of investment to savings in an economy
A. The ratio of the change in the money supply to the change in the monetary base
The ratio of the change in the money supply to the change in the monetary base
The ratio of government spending to the level of GDP
The ratio of taxes to disposable income
The ratio of investment to savings in an economy
Sales tax
Progressive income tax
Property tax
Corporate income tax
The total amount of money in circulation in an economy
The total amount of money held by banks as reserves
The total amount of money held by households and businesses
The total amount of money created by the central bank
The continuous flow of goods and services between households and firms in an economy
The circular flow of money between households and firms in an economy
The circular flow of resources between households and firms in an economy
The circular flow of exports and imports in an open economy
Open market operations
Government spending
Taxation
Fiscal stimulus
Profits earned from selling an asset, like a stock or real estate, at a higher price than it was purchased
Profits earned from producing and selling goods and services
Wages earned from labor
Interest earned from savings accounts
Used together to satisfy a particular want or need
Used interchangeably to satisfy a particular want or need
Unrelated to each other in satisfying wants or needs
Completely unrelated in any way
Policies that aim to increase the productive capacity of the economy
Policies that aim to increase aggregate demand in the economy
Policies that aim to control inflation through monetary policy
Policies that aim to control inflation through fiscal policy
Lower inflation and lower economic growth
Higher inflation and higher economic growth
Higher inflation and lower economic growth
Lower inflation and higher economic growth
The impact of an initial change in spending on aggregate demand and, consequently, on real GDP
The tendency of consumers to save a large portion of their income
The effect of an increase in the money supply on interest rates
The impact of inflation on purchasing power
The Federal Reserve
Commercial banks
The Treasury Department
The President of the United States
Price elasticity of demand
Cross-price elasticity of demand
Income elasticity of demand
Price elasticity of supply
The total amount of money in an economy
The total value of physical and human capital in an economy
The total amount of money held by households
The total amount of money held by businesses
The price level and the quantity of real GDP demanded
The interest rate and investment spending
The price level and the quantity of money demanded
The exchange rate and net exports
The market for financial assets with maturities of one year or less
The market where foreign exchange rates are determined
The market for long-term government bonds
The market for commodities like gold and silver
The return that could have been earned if the capital was used in an alternative investment
The total cost incurred in producing a good or service
The cost of goods and services in an open economy
The total cost of producing all units of a good or service
The change in consumption resulting from a change in disposable income
The total amount of consumption in an economy
The change in investment resulting from a change in interest rates
The total amount of saving in an economy
The difference between the highest price a consumer is willing to pay for a good and the price they actually pay
The difference between the cost of production and the price at which a good is sold
The total amount of money spent by consumers on goods and services
The total amount of money earned by consumers from their jobs
The change in saving resulting from a change in disposable income
The total amount of saving in an economy
The change in consumption resulting from a change in disposable income
The total amount of consumption in an economy
The Federal Reserve adjusting interest rates
The government increasing spending on infrastructure projects
The government selling bonds to the public
The central bank conducting open market operations
An increase in the overall price level of goods and services in an economy
A decrease in the overall price level of goods and services in an economy
An increase in the purchasing power of a currency
A decrease in the purchasing power of a currency
The change in output resulting from a change in government spending
The change in output resulting from a change in taxes
The change in consumption resulting from a change in disposable income
The change in investment resulting from a change in interest rates
The responsiveness of quantity supplied to changes in price
The responsiveness of quantity demanded to changes in price
The responsiveness of consumer preferences to changes in price
The responsiveness of production costs to changes in price
Central bank policies related to interest rates and money supply to influence the economy
Government policies related to taxation and spending to influence the economy
Policies aimed at regulating international trade
Policies related to the regulation of financial markets
The ease with which an asset can be converted into cash without loss of value
The total amount of money in circulation in an economy
The total amount of money held by households and businesses
The total amount of money held by banks as reserves
Consumer Price Index (CPI)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Money Supply (M2)
Aggregate Demand (AD)
The ability of one country to produce a good or service at a lower opportunity cost than another country
The ability of one country to produce a good or service with fewer resources than another country
The ability of one country to produce a good or service at a higher opportunity cost than another country
The ability of one country to produce all goods and services more efficiently than another country
Mismatch between the skills of workers and the skills required by employers
Fluctuations in the business cycle
Temporary transitions between jobs
Changes in aggregate demand
The government's expenditures exceed its revenues in a given period
The government's revenues exceed its expenditures in a given period
The government's expenditures are equal to its revenues in a given period
The government borrows money from the central bank
Policies that aim to increase aggregate demand in the economy
Policies that aim to increase the productive capacity of the economy
Policies that aim to control inflation through monetary policy
Policies that aim to control inflation through fiscal policy